Mid000017 Map 2011 09 Middle-Bronzse-Age-Anatolia

Ḥuwallušiya was an ancient region of Anatolia located west of the

Kızılırmak River The Kızılırmak (, Turkish language, Turkish for "Red River"), once known as the Halys River () and Alis River, is the longest river flowing entirely within Turkey. It is a source of hydroelectric power and is not used for navigation. Geogra ...

and named in the ''Annals of

Mursili There were three Hittite kings called Mursili: *Mursili I, ca. 1556–1526 BCE (short chronology), and was likely a grandson of his predecessor, Hattusili I. His sister was Ḫarapšili and his wife was queen Kali. *Mursili II, (also spelled Mursil ...

'', the ''Annals of Tudḫaliya'' and several itineraries of Hittite troop movements in the fifteenth century BC. It was one of the lands of the

Assuwa Assuwa () was a region of Bronze Age Anatolia located west of the Kızılırmak River. It was mentioned in Aegean, Anatolian and Egyptian inscriptions but is best known from Hittite records describing a league of 22 towns or states that rebe ...

coalition that opposed the

Hittites The Hittites () were an Anatolian peoples, Anatolian Proto-Indo-Europeans, Indo-European people who formed one of the first major civilizations of the Bronze Age in West Asia. Possibly originating from beyond the Black Sea, they settled in mo ...

Geography

Huwallusiya was located "on the road to

Arzawa Arzawa was a region and political entity in Western Anatolia during the Late Bronze Age. In Hittite texts, the term is used to refer both to a particular kingdom and to a loose confederation of states. The chief Arzawan state, whose capital wa ...

," "not too far from the Kızılırmak" and was associated in itineraries with "Tummanda, Palunta, alara, Hap uriya Paparzina, Ussuha...the city of

...Awina and atarwa."Gander, Max. (2022). ''The West: Philology'', p. 265. Hittite Landscape and Geography, Netherlands: Brill
Academia.edu
/ref> A distinction has been made between Huwallusa (the town) and Huwallusiya (the surrounding countryside), with the former offering no resistance to the Hittites and the latter in active rebellion during the Assuwa campaign.Houwink ten Cate, Philo H. J. (1970). ''The Records of the Early Hittite Empire (c. 1450-1380 B.C.)'', pp. 77-78
Archive.org
/ref> Forlanini places it in western Phyrgia. Woudhuizen locates it much further west at modern

Honaz Honaz (also known as ''Khonaz'' or ''Cadmus'') is a municipality and district of Denizli Province, Turkey. Its area is 449 km2, and its population is 34,074 (2022). Honaz is about 20 km (12 mi) east of the city of Denizli on the sl ...

, "along the Classical Lykos, a tributary of the Maiandros corresponding to the present-day Emir or

Küçük Menderes Küçük means "small" in Turkish and may refer to: People Epithet * Küçük Ali (died 1804), also known as ''Ali Đevrlić'', Ottoman janissary and civil servant * Kuchuk Hanem (fl. ''Floruit'' ( ; usually abbreviated fl. or occasionall ...

and likely referred to in Hittite texts as the

Astarpa The Astarpa River (possibly the modern Meander River, Turkey) is a river in western Anatolia mentioned in Hittites records of the 14th century BC. The annals of Mursili II record that in the 3rd year of his reign, which would be 7 years prior to ...

.Woudhuizen, Fred. (2023), ''The Luwians of Western Anatolia: Their Neighbours and Predecessors'', pp. 21. United Kingdom: Archaeopress Publishing Limited
Academia.edu
/ref> Oreshko associates it with Mount Hullusiwanda, "situated close to the lands Masa and Ardukka" in classical

Mysia Mysia (UK , US or ; ; ; ) was a region in the northwest of ancient Asia Minor (Anatolia, Asian part of modern Turkey). It was located on the south coast of the Sea of Marmara. It was bounded by Bithynia on the east, Phrygia on the southeast, Lyd ...

History

Huwallusiya is named as a land to which the Hittite general Aranhapilizzi is sent by

Mursili I Mursili I (also known as Mursilis; sometimes transcribed as Murshili) was a king of the Hittites 1620-1590 BC, as per the middle chronology, the most accepted chronology in our times (or alternatively c. 1556–1526 BC, short chronology), and was ...

toward the end of the sixteenth century BC as part of his northwest campaigns. A hundred years later it is mentioned as one of the lands that comprised the Assuwa coalition, a military confederacy that opposed the Hittite army as it campaigned west of the Maraššantiya circa 1430 BC:Cline, E. H. (2015). ''1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed'', p. 28–41. United Kingdom: Princeton University Press
Google Books
/ref>Bryce, Trevor. (1999). ''The Kingdom of the Hittites''. United Kingdom, Oxford University Press
Google Books
In the late 1300s during the reign of

Arnuwanda I Arnuwanda I was a Hittite great king during the early 14th century BC, ruling in c. 1390–1380/1370 BC. Origins Arnuwanda's parents are unknown. Because both Arnuwanda and his wife, Queen Ašmu-Nikkal, are described on their respective seals a ...

Huwalusa is grouped with Mount Iyawanda and Arziya.

Popular Culture

Huwallusiya is mentioned as ''Huwala'' and ''Huwali'' in fraudulent Luwian hieroglyphic inscriptions from Western Anatolia fabricated by Dutch archaeologist

James Mellaart James Mellaart FBA (14 November 1925 – 29 July 2012) was a British and Dutch archaeologist and author who is noted for his discovery of the Neolithic settlement of Çatalhöyük in Turkey. He was expelled from Turkey when he was suspected o ...

over the course of his career.

References

{{Reflist 15th century BC Bronze Age Anatolia Prehistoric Anatolia Luwians Luwian language Assuwa league

Geography

History

Popular Culture

See also

References