Śāṭhya (Sanskrit; Tibetan phonetic: ''yo'') is a
Buddhist
Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and List of philosophies, philosophical tradition based on Pre-sectarian Buddhism, teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or ...
term translated as "hypocrisy", "dishonesty", "deception", or "concealment of shortcomings". It is identified as one of the
twenty subsidiary unwholesome mental factors within the Mahayana
Abhidharma
The Abhidharma are a collection of Buddhist texts dating from the 3rd century BCE onwards, which contain detailed scholastic presentations of doctrinal material appearing in the canonical Buddhist scriptures and commentaries. It also refers t ...
teachings. In this context, it is defined as concealing one's own faults because of a desire for things such as honor and material gain.
[Guenther (1975), Kindle Locations 914-915.][Kunsang (2004), p. 27.]
Definitions
The
Abhidharma-samuccaya states:
:What is dishonesty? In one's desire for wealth and honor, one deceitfully makes non-virtue seem virtuous by associating with both attachment (
raga
A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. It is central to classical Indian music. Each raga consists of an array of melodic structures with musical motifs; and, fro ...
) and ignorance (
moha). It provides an obstacle for getting good counsel.
Alexander Berzin explains:
:Concealment of shortcomings (g.yo) is a part of longing desire (
raga
A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. It is central to classical Indian music. Each raga consists of an array of melodic structures with musical motifs; and, fro ...
) and naivety (
moha). Because of excessive attachment to our material gain and the respect we receive, this is the state of mind to hide our shortcomings and faults from others.
[Berzin (2006)]
See also
*
Mental factors (Buddhism)
Mental factors ( or ''chitta samskara'' ; ; Tibetic languages, Tibetan: སེམས་བྱུང ''sems byung''), in Buddhism, are identified within the teachings of the Abhidhamma (Buddhist psychology). They are defined as aspects of the mind ...
References
Sources
* Berzin, Alexander (2006)
''Primary Minds and the 51 Mental Factors''*
Goleman, Daniel (2008). ''Destructive Emotions: A Scientific Dialogue with the Dalai Lama''. Bantam. Kindle Edition.
*
Guenther, Herbert V. & Leslie S. Kawamura (1975), ''Mind in Buddhist Psychology: A Translation of Ye-shes rgyal-mtshan's "The Necklace of Clear Understanding"''. Dharma Publishing. Kindle Edition.
*
Kunsang, Erik Pema (translator) (2004). ''Gateway to Knowledge, Vol. 1''. North Atlantic Books.
External links
Ranjung Yeshe wiki entry for ''g.yo''
Unwholesome factors in Buddhism
Sanskrit words and phrases
{{Buddhist-philo-stub