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Gorakhpur is a city in the
Indian state India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, for a total of 36 subnational entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into 800 districts and smaller administrative divisions by the respe ...
of
Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh ( ; UP) is a States and union territories of India, state in North India, northern India. With over 241 million inhabitants, it is the List of states and union territories of India by population, most populated state in In ...
, along the banks of the Rapti river in the Purvanchal region. It is situated 272 kilometres east of the state capital,
Lucknow Lucknow () is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and the largest city of the List of state and union territory capitals in India, Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is the administrative headquarters of the epon ...
. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur district, North Eastern Railway Zone and
Gorakhpur division Gorakhpur division is one of the 18 administrative geographical units (i.e. division) of the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Gorakhpur city is the administrative headquarters of the division. The division consists of 4 districts. D ...
. The city is home to the
Gorakhnath Math Gorakhnath Math, also known as Gorakhnath Temple or Shri Gorakhnath Mandir, is a Hindu temple of the Nath monastic order group of the Nath tradition. The name Gorakhnath derives from the medieval saint, Gorakshanath (c. 11th century CE), a yo ...
, a
Gorakhnath Gorakhnath (also known as Gorakshanath (Sanskrit: ''Gorakṣanātha'') (Devanagari : गोरक्षनाथ / गोरखनाथ), c. early 11th century) was a Hindu yogi, mahasiddha and saint who was the founder of the Nath Hindu monas ...
temple. The city also has had an
Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force (IAF) (ISO 15919, ISO: ) is the air force, air arm of the Indian Armed Forces. Its primary mission is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during armed conflicts. It was officially established on 8 Octob ...
station since 1963. Gita Press, the world's largest publisher of Hindu religious texts like
Ramayana The ''Ramayana'' (; ), also known as ''Valmiki Ramayana'', as traditionally attributed to Valmiki, is a smriti text (also described as a Sanskrit literature, Sanskrit Indian epic poetry, epic) from ancient India, one of the two important epics ...
and
Mahabharata The ''Mahābhārata'' ( ; , , ) is one of the two major Sanskrit Indian epic poetry, epics of ancient India revered as Smriti texts in Hinduism, the other being the ''Ramayana, Rāmāyaṇa''. It narrates the events and aftermath of the Kuru ...
, has been established here since 1926.


Etymology

The name "Gorakhpur" comes from the Sanskrit ''Gorakshapuram'', which means abode of Gorakshanatha, a renowned ascetic who was a prominent saint of the '' Nath Sampradaya''.


History

The earliest forerunners of the settlement at Gorakhpur were probably "considerably to the north of the present town" because the course of the Rapti was then more to the north and east than it is today; it would have flowed through the present-day city and gone through what is now the Ramgarh Tal. Farmers digging wells in the 1800s/early 1900s would sometimes encounter pieces of old boats, which is indicative of the river's shift in course. The site of Gorakhpur would have been desirable for a human settlement because of its secure location — it is protected on the south and west by the Rapti and Rohin rivers, and in the past there were dense forests on the north and east, offering protection on those sides as well. The earliest event described in local tradition is the legendary construction of the Mansarowar and Kauladah tanks, in the area now called Purana Gorakhpur, in the 10th century. They are said to have been built by a married couple — Mansarowar is attributed to the husband, the prince Man Sen, while Kauladah is attributed to the wife, Kaulavati. Sometime after that, the area is said to have been ruled by a group known as the Domkatars Bhumihars, who built the Domingarh fort at the confluence of the Rapti and Rohin rivers. Still later, Gorakhpur is said to have been ruled by the Shrinet Rajputss of Satasi. Sometime around 1400, a family dispute is said to have prompted one branch of the Satasi dynasty to leave the old stronghold, on the shore of Ramgarh Tal, and move to a new location in what is now Purana Gorakhpur, near the shrine of the renowned ascetic
Gorakhnath Gorakhnath (also known as Gorakshanath (Sanskrit: ''Gorakṣanātha'') (Devanagari : गोरक्षनाथ / गोरखनाथ), c. early 11th century) was a Hindu yogi, mahasiddha and saint who was the founder of the Nath Hindu monas ...
.


Mughal period

In any case, Gorakhpur had become a large town by the time of
Akbar Akbar (Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar, – ), popularly known as Akbar the Great, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expa ...
, in the late 1500s. The earliest contemporary reference to a Mughal garrison at Gorakhpur is in 1572, when it was governed by Payanda Khan on behalf of
Munim Khan Munʿim Khān (7 March 1525 – 23 October 1575) was a Mughal general under both emperors Humayun and Akbar. He was titled ''Khān-i-Khānān'' ('Khan of Khans') when Emperor Akbar appointed him as Prime Minister of the Mughal Empire in 1560. I ...
, then ''
subahdar Subahdar, also known as Nazim, was one of the designations of a governor of a Subah (province) during the Khalji dynasty of Bengal, Mamluk dynasty, Khalji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, and the Mughal era who was alternately designated as Sahib- ...
'' of Jaunpur. Gorakhpur was for a long time the main Muslim garrison north of the Ghaghra, which may explain why it has such a prominent Muslim presence compared to other parts of the district. In the ''
Ain-i-Akbari The ''Ain-i-Akbari'' (), or the "Administration of Akbar", is a 16th-century detailed document regarding the administration of the Mughal Empire under Emperor Akbar, written by his court historian, Abu'l Fazl, in the Persian language. It forms ...
'' ( 1595), Gorakhpur is listed as the capital of a '' sarkar'' in the ''
subah A ''Subah'' is a term for a province or state in several South Asian languages. It was introduced by the Mughal Empire to refer to its subdivisions or provinces; and was also adopted by other polities of the Indian subcontinent. The word is derive ...
'' of
Awadh Awadh (), known in British Raj historical texts as Avadh or Oudh, is a historical region in northern India and southern Nepal, now constituting the North-central portion of Uttar Pradesh. It is roughly synonymous with the ancient Kosala Regio ...
. ''Sarkar'' Gorakhpur was divided into 24 '' mahal''s, and Gorakhpur itself was one of them. The ''mahal'' of Gorakhpur was listed with an assessed revenue of 567,385 ''
dam A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aqua ...
''s and was expected to supply 200 infantry and 40 cavalry to the Mughal army. It was described as having a brick fort on the Rapti. Gorakhpur also had a
mint Mint or The Mint may refer to: Plants * Lamiaceae, the mint family ** ''Mentha'', the genus of plants commonly known as "mint" Coins and collectibles * Mint (facility), a facility for manufacturing coins * Mint condition, a state of like-new ...
under Akbar, issuing copper coins only. By the time of
Aurangzeb Alamgir I (Muhi al-Din Muhammad; 3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known by the title Aurangzeb, also called Aurangzeb the Conqueror, was the sixth Mughal emperors, Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 until his death in 1707, becomi ...
, the Gorakhpur mint was also issuing silver coins. During the 1600s, based on
Jean-Baptiste Tavernier Jean-Baptiste Tavernier (1605–1689) was a 17th-century French gem merchant and traveler. Tavernier, a private individual and merchant traveling at his own expense, covered, by his own account, 60,000 leagues in making six voyages to Persia ...
's account of his travels in India, Gorakhpur played an important role as a centre for trade with the northern mountain regions. In the late 1600s, Gorakhpur was officially renamed ''Mu'azzamabad'' in honour of Prince Mu'azzam (the later
Bahadur Shah I Bahadur Shah I (Muhammad Mu'azzam; 14 October 1643 – 27 February 1712) or Shah Alam I, was the eighth Mughal Emperor from 1707 to 1712. He was the second son of the sixth Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, who he conspired to overthrow in his youth ...
), and this name was used in official documents until the British takeover in 1801. After Emperor Bahadur Shah's ascension in 1707, Chin Qulich Khan was appointed faujdar of Gorakhpur but resigned in 1710 due to a loss of favor. From this time, local Rajput chiefs, known as rajas, exercised de facto control over the region, assigning lands and titles, with minimal intervention from the Mughal imperial officers.


Awadh Period

In 1722, Saadat Khan was appointed subahdar of Avadh, which included Gorakhpur. By 1724, he established himself as the independent ruler of Avadh, although he remained nominally under the Mughal emperor. His early efforts focused on reducing the power of powerful local rajas in the southern parts of the region, while his authority was weaker in the northern areas. The Gorakhpur region experienced significant lawlessness in the north, with marauding Banjaras under the leadership of Tilak Sen of Butwal causing destruction. Saadat Khan sent forces to suppress these activities, though the Banjaras would often return to plunder once the Nawab's army withdrew. Saadat Khan's death in 1739 saw his nephew, Safdar Jang, take control. During Safdar Jang's reign, a Muslim garrison stationed at Gorakhpur mutinied, which was quelled by a large army sent by the Nawab. The region remained under the control of the Nawabi administration, but local rulers still held considerable sway. Agriculture flourished, and essential goods like rice became abundant, though the Banjaras continued to raid the area. In 1754,
Shuja-ud-Daula Shuja-ud-Daula (19 January 1732 – 26 January 1775) was the third Nawab of Oudh and the Vizier of Delhi from 5 October 1754 until his death 26 January 1775. He was a key 18th-century Mughal ally who despised the Maratha-backed Imad-ul-Mulk. ...
succeeded Safdar Jang. His reign saw continued agricultural prosperity, and in 1769-70, he visited Gorakhpur on a hunting trip where he encountered wild elephants in the forest. Shuja-ud-Daula's rule was followed by that of his son
Asaf-ud-Daula Mirza Asaf-ud-Daula (23 September 1748 – 21 September 1797) was the Nawab wazir of Oudh ratified by Shah Alam II, from 26 January 1775 to 21 September 1797, and the son of Shuja-ud-Dowlah. His mother and grandmother were the Begums of ...
. During Asaf-ud-Daula's time, Colonel Hannay, a British officer, was appointed to oversee the district's military and revenue affairs. His harsh methods caused significant suffering, with many cultivators abandoning their lands. The Banjaras also played a disruptive role in the local politics. In 1801, following financial difficulties, Nawab Saadat Ali Khan ceded Gorakhpur to the
East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company that was founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to Indian Ocean trade, trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (South A ...
through the Treaty of 10 November 1801, bringing an end to the control of the Nawab of Awadh over the region.


British Period

In the early 19th century, the British
East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company that was founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to Indian Ocean trade, trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (South A ...
took control of Gorakhpur and its surrounding territories following the Treaty of 1801, marking the beginning of British rule in the region. Owing to the proximity of this region to Nepal, the British started to station troops in the area to resist Nepalese incursions. A cantonment was set up in the eastern part of the city, and the region played a role in the
Anglo-Nepalese War The Anglo-Nepalese War (1 November 1814 – 4 March 1816), also known as the Gorkha War or Nepal-Company War, was fought between the Gorkhali army of the Kingdom of Nepal (present-day Nepal) and the forces of the British East India Company ...
(1814–1816). Although General Wood’s campaign from Gorakhpur to
Butwal Butwal (), officially Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City (), previously known as Khasyauli (Nepali: खस्यौली), is a sub-metropolitan city and economic hub in Lumbini Province in West Nepal. Butwal has a city population of 195,054 as per t ...
was unsuccessful, the
Treaty of Sugauli The Treaty of Sugauli (also spelled Sugowlee, Sagauli and Segqulee), the treaty that established the boundary line of Nepal, was signed on 4 March 1816 between the East India Company and Guru Gajraj Mishra following the Anglo-Nepalese War of ...
(1815), which concluded the conflict, ensured that the region remained under British control. After the war, Gorakhpur underwent various administrative changes. In 1829, it was made the headquarters of a division, and over the following decades, it was restructured several times as part of British administrative reforms. In the 1840s, the British implemented land revenue settlements in the region. These policies were designed to standardize revenue collection, but they led to growing dissatisfaction among local zamindars and peasants. The area also suffered from natural disasters, including the drought of 1837 and the famine of 1873-74, which contributed to the region’s economic difficulties. During the
Indian Rebellion of 1857 The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against Company rule in India, the rule of the East India Company, British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the The Crown, British ...
, Gorakhpur witnessed local participation in the uprising. Muhammad Hasan, a local leader, declared himself the ruler of Gorakhpur and forced the British to retreat temporarily. However, the British reasserted control by August 1858 with the help of Gurkha forces. Following the reoccupation, the British confiscated estates and executed or exiled several key figures involved in the revolt. They also established the Moti Jail in Gorakhpur, where many of the rebels were imprisoned. Municipal governance in Gorakhpur began to take shape in the late 19th century. A local committee was formed on 7 September 1869, and the municipal committee was officially established on 4 December 1873 under the North-Western Provinces and Oudh Municipalities Act. It became a municipal board in 1884. The municipality managed local taxation and civic services, with revenue derived from octroi, livestock taxes, and market fees. In the early 20th century, Gorakhpur became a center of political activity. The region gained national attention during the Chauri Chaura incident in February 1922, when a violent confrontation between police and protestors led to the deaths of 22 policemen. This event resulted in the suspension of the
Non-Cooperation Movement Non-cooperation movement may refer to: * Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922), during the Indian independence movement, led by Mahatma Gandhi against British rule * Non-cooperation movement (1971), a movement in East Pakistan * Non-cooperatio ...
by
Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2October 186930January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalism, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethics, political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful Indian ...
. In the years that followed, Gorakhpur remained an important site for nationalist movements, including the
Civil Disobedience Movement Civil disobedience is the active and professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders, or commands of a government (or any other authority). By some definitions, civil disobedience has to be nonviolent to be called "civil". ...
and the Quit India Movement. The region saw visits from leaders such as
Madan Mohan Malaviya Madan Mohan Malaviya (25 December 1861 — 12 November 1946; ) was an Indian scholar, educational reformer and activist notable for his role in the Indian independence movement. He was president of the Indian National Congress three times and ...
,
Jawaharlal Nehru Jawaharlal Nehru (14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian anti-colonial nationalist, secular humanist, social democrat, and statesman who was a central figure in India during the middle of the 20th century. Nehru was a pr ...
, and
Sarojini Naidu Sarojini Naidu (Birth name, née Chattopadhyay) (; 13 February 1879 – 2 March 1949) was an Indian political activist and poet who served as the first Governor of Uttar Pradesh, Governor of United Provinces, after Independence Day (India), Indi ...
, who supported the anti-colonial protests. During the Quit India Movement, Gorakhpur experienced widespread protests, arrests, and repression by the British authorities. Local fighters from Gorakhpur also participated in the
Indian National Army The Indian National Army (INA, sometimes Second INA; ''Azad Hind Fauj'' ; 'Free Indian Army') was a Empire of Japan, Japanese-allied and -supported armed force constituted in Southeast Asia during World War II and led by Indian Nationalism#An ...
’s struggle against British rule. In 1947, India gained independence, and Gorakhpur became part of the newly formed state of Uttar Pradesh.


Geography

Gorakhpur is situated about 100 km from the
Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...
border, 193 km from
Varanasi Varanasi (, also Benares, Banaras ) or Kashi, is a city on the Ganges river in northern India that has a central place in the traditions of pilgrimage, death, and mourning in the Hindu world.* * * * The city has a syncretic tradition of I ...
, 260 km from
Patna Patna (; , ISO 15919, ISO: ''Paṭanā''), historically known as Pataliputra, Pāṭaliputra, is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India. According to the United Nations, ...
and 270 km from
Lucknow Lucknow () is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and the largest city of the List of state and union territory capitals in India, Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is the administrative headquarters of the epon ...
. It is one of the flood vulnerable districts in
Eastern Uttar Pradesh Purvanchal () is the region of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Purvanchal is also a proposed state in India, encompassing 32 eastern districts of Uttar Pradesh.  The proposal, introduced in the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 2011 by then Chief ...
. Data over the past 100 years show a considerable increase in the intensity and frequency of floods, with extreme events occurring every three to four years. Roughly 20% of the population is affected by floods, which are an annual occurrence in some areas, causing huge loss of life, health, and livelihoods for the poor inhabitants, as well as damage to public and private property. Gorakhpur is situated on the bank's of Rapti river which is a tributary of Ghagra river. A fairly large lake Ramgarh Tal Lake is also situated in the eastern part of the city.


Climate

The
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
subtype for this climate is ''Cwa'' (dry-winter
humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...
). Gorakhpur has been ranked 4th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 2 3-10L Population cities) in India.


Demographics

As of 2011 Indian Census, Gorakhpur had a total population of 673,446, of which 353,907 were males and 319,539 were females. It has a
sex ratio A sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. As explained by Fisher's principle, for evolutionary reasons this is typically about 1:1 in species which reproduce sexually. However, many species deviate from an even sex ratio, ei ...
of 903 females per 1000 males. The population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 69,596. Gorakhpur had a literacy rate of 75.2%, of which male literacy was 79.4% and female literacy was 70.6%. The effective literacy rate of the 7+ population of Gorakhpur was 83.9%, of which the male literacy rate was 88.7% and the female literacy rate was 78.6%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 62,728 and 2,929, respectively. Gorakhpur had 112,237 households in 2011. According to a 2020 report, 31 villages have been incorporated in the municipal corporation limits increasing the population to over 1 million. The city area has also increased from 145.5 km2 in 2011 to 226.6 km2. The state government has also declared Gorakhpur, as a metropolis on 22 November 2021. Apart from Gorakhpur Municipal Corporation, the government has declared three nagar panchayats and eight development blocks as a metropolitan area. For this, the urban Development Department has issued a notification to the city. According to the order issued by the Additional Chief Secretary, Urban Development, now in Gorakhpur Metropolitan Region, Municipal Corporation, Nagar Panchayat Pipraich, Nagar Panchayat PPganj, Nagar Panchayat Mundera Bazar, Chargawa, Khorabar, Pipraich, Sardar Nagar, Piprauli, Jungle Kaudiya, Campierganj and The entire area of Bhathat development block has been covered. After this the population of Gorakhpur metropolis will be around 25 lakhs.
Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...
is the most spoken language in the city, although many of those recorded as speaking 'Hindi' actually speak
Bhojpuri Bhojpuri may refer to: * Bhojpuri language, an Indo-Aryan language of India and Nepal * Bhojpuri grammar, grammatical rules of the language * Bhojpuri nouns, nouns of the language * Bhojpuri people, people who speak the language * Bhojpuri region ...
. Urdu is also spoken here.


Governance

Gorakhpur's governance is structured through multiple administrative bodies to ensure effective management and inclusivity. The Gorakhpur Municipal Corporation
Nagar Nigam Gorakhpur
serves as the city's primary governing entity, responsible for infrastructure, public services, and special initiatives for vulnerable groups, including Persons with Disabilities (PwD). It is led by a democratically elected mayor and council members. The Gorakhpur Development Authority (GDA), established under the Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development Act of 1973, focuses on the city's urban planning and development initiatives, emphasising accessibility for all. At the divisional level, the Divisional Commissioner oversees four districts, including Gorakhpur, and is responsible for local government institutions, infrastructure development, and maintaining law and order. Additionally, the Gorakhpur Industrial Development Authority (GIDA), formed by the Uttar Pradesh Government on 30 November 1989, under the Uttar Pradesh Industrial Development Act, manages industrial development while integrating accessibility standards for inclusive growth. These entities collaborate to ensure efficient governance, sustainable development, and inclusivity, addressing the needs of all citizens, including PwD.


Transport


Railways

Gorakhpur is connected through a rail network and Gorakhpur railway station. Until March 2021, it had world's longest platform of 1366 meters. In February 2020, 100 flowering pots with the support structures were made and installed on the hydrant pipe at platform No.2 to increase the plantation and natural cover, using local resources of the Gorakhpur coaching depot. The station offers Class A-1 railway station facilities. From 6 October 2013, Gorakhpur had the world's longest railway platform, after inauguration of the remodelled Gorakhpur Yard, with a stretch of around . Gorakhpur is the headquarters of North Eastern Railways.


Air

An Air Force station of
Indian Air Force The Indian Air Force (IAF) (ISO 15919, ISO: ) is the air force, air arm of the Indian Armed Forces. Its primary mission is to secure Indian airspace and to conduct aerial warfare during armed conflicts. It was officially established on 8 Octob ...
was established in Gorakhpur in 1963 named Mahayogi Gorakhnath Airport and extended for public air transport.


Metro

Gorakhpur Metro is a light metro project with 2 line and 27 stations is
light rail transit Light rail (or light rail transit, abbreviated to LRT) is a form of passenger urban rail transit that uses rolling stock derived from tram technology National Conference of the Transportation Research Board while also having some features from ...
(LRT) system approved to be built in Gorakhpur. It consist two corridors covering a distance of 27.84 km. On 1 December 2021 the central government has also approved the DPR of Gorakhpur light metro project.


Education

Gorakhpur has 4 universities, namely,
Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University (formerly known as Gorakhpur University) is located in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. The University of Gorakhpur is a teaching and residential-cum-affiliating University. It has en ...
,
Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology (MMMUT) is a state university in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was established in 2013 by upgrading Madan Mohan Malaviya Engineering College (MMMEC), which was established in 1962, into a un ...
, Maha Yogi Guru Gorakhnath Ayush University, Mahayogi Gorakhnath University, a private university. A
medical college A medical association or medical college is a trade association that brings together practitioners of a particular geographical area (a country, region, province). In common-law countries, they are often grouped by medical specialties ( cardiolog ...
named Baba Raghav Das Medical College, AIIMS Gorakhpur and a sports
college A college (Latin: ''collegium'') may be a tertiary educational institution (sometimes awarding degrees), part of a collegiate university, an institution offering vocational education, a further education institution, or a secondary sc ...
named Veer Bahadur Singh Sports College. The state's first
Hotel Management A hotel manager, hotelier, or lodging manager is a person who manages the operation of a hotel, motel, resort, or other lodging-related establishment. Management of a hotel operation includes, but is not limited to: management of hotel staff, ...
Institute has also been unveiled and would be known as State Institute of Hotel Management. Also, four private engineering / pharmacy / management college, ITM, KIPM, BIT, GIDA & SIT, Gorakhpur which is affiliated with Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow. It also has a dental institute named as Purvanchal Institute Of Dental Science in gida, gorakhpur.


Sports

* Veer Bahadur Singh Sports College, Gorakhpur * Syed Modi Railway Stadium *Mini Sports complex, Bhati vihar Gorakhpur


Notable people

*
Yogi Adityanath Yogi Adityanath (born Ajay Mohan Singh Bisht; 5 June 1972) is an Indian Hindu monk and politician. He is currently serving as the chief minister of Uttar Pradesh since 19 March 2017, became the first to hold the office for two consecutive ter ...
, 21st and current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, has served in Gorakhpur as a Member of Parliament and is the head priest of the Gorakhnath Temple. * Zoya Afroz, actress and model, winner of
Femina Miss India Miss India, also known as Femina Miss India, is a national beauty pageant in India that selects representatives to compete in the Miss World competition, one of the Big Four international beauty pageants. It is organized by ''Femina (India), F ...
Indore 2013, linked to Gorakhpur. * Radha Mohan Das Agarwal, National General Secretary of the Bharatiya Janata Party and a Member of Parliament (Rajya Sabha) *
Sunil Shastri Sunil Shastri (born 13 February 1950) is an Indian politician and a former cabinet minister in the Government of Uttar Pradesh. He is the son of Lal Bahadur Shastri, the second Prime Minister of India. Before joining politics, he served the Ban ...
, Former Rajya Sabha MP, Former-MLA Gorakpur Urban, Former Minister in
Government of Uttar Pradesh The Government of Uttar Pradesh (International Organization for Standardization, ISO: ''Uttara Pradēśa Sarakāra''; often abbreviated as GoUP) is the subnational government of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh with the governor as its appoin ...
. *
Leo Amery Leopold Charles Maurice Stennett Amery (22 November 1873 – 16 September 1955), also known as L. S. Amery, was a British Conservative Party (UK), Conservative Party politician and journalist. During his career, he was known for his interest in ...
, Former Secretary of State for the Colonies of the
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
. * Mahant Avaidyanath, Indian politician and Hindu guru, led the Gorakhnath Temple in Gorakhpur. * Janaki Devi Bajaj, illiterate social reformer from Pipraich Block near Gorakhpur. * Premindra Singh Bhagat, recipient of Victoria Cross, connected with Gorakhpur. *
Ram Prasad Bismil Ram Prasad Bismil (; 11 June 1897 – 19 December 1927) was an Indian poet, writer, and revolutionary who fought against British Raj, participating in the Mainpuri Conspiracy of 1918, and the Kakori Conspiracy of 1925. He composed in Urdu and ...
, revolutionary, executed for the Kakori Conspiracy in Gorakhpur. * Markandey Chand, Indian politician. * Hemant Chaturvedi, Indian cinematographer. * Pankaj Chaudhary, Indian politician and a Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha. * Reena Choudhary, Political and social worker and a member of parliament. * Edmund Craigie, English first-class cricketer and barrister. * Sir Frederick Currie, 2nd Baronet, English baronet, the eldest child of
Sir Frederick Currie, 1st Baronet Sir Frederick Currie, 1st Baronet (3 February 1799 – 11 September 1875) was a British diplomat, who had a career in the British East India Company and the Indian Civil Service. His posts included Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, Me ...
. * Baba Raghav Das, social worker and philanthropist, established Kushth Sewa Ashram in Gorakhpur. * Ram Upendra Das, economist, associated with Gorakhpur. * Digvijaynath, founder of Gorakhpur University, nationalist leader. * Amrapali Dubey, actress, primarily in Bhojpuri films, hails from Gorakhpur. * Preeti Dubey, Indian field hockey player. *
Ravi Dubey Ravi Dubey (born 23 December 1983) is an Indian actor, model, television presenter and producer. He began his acting career in 2006 with the show ''Stree Teri Kahani'' and followed it with roles in shows like ''Doli Saja Ke'' (2007) and ''Yaha ...
, actor, model, television presenter, and producer, born in Gorakhpur. * Saurabh Dubey (Uttar Pradesh cricketer), Indian cricketer. * Sourav Dubey, is an Indian cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman who currently plays for Tripura. * Saeeda Faiz, educator and social reformer from Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, with connections to Gorakhpur. * Saqi Farooqi, British-Pakistani poet who wrote in both Urdu and English. *
Firaq Gorakhpuri Raghupati Sahay (28 August 1896 – 3 March 1982), also known by his pen name Firaq Gorakhpuri, was an Indian writer, critic, and, according to one commentator, one of the most noted contemporary Urdu poets from India. He established himself ...
, Urdu poet, recipient of the Gyanpeeth Award, associated with Gorakhpur. *
Majnun Gorakhpuri Ahmad Siddiq, better known by his pen name Majnun Gorakhpuri (Urdu:احمد صدیق مجنوں گورکھپوری), (10 May 1904 – 4 June 1988) was an Urdu short story ( Afsana) writer, poet and literary critic. Life Ahmad Siddiq, kn ...
, Urdu writer and literary critic *
Narendra Hirwani Narendra Deepchand Hirwani (born 18 October 1968) is a leg spin bowler who played for India. He is mainly remembered for his success on his Test debut. He was a part of the Indian squad which won the 1988 Asia Cup. Early days Hirwani came ...
, cricketer, set a national record for wickets in a test match, based in Gorakhpur. *
Anurag Kashyap Anurag Kashyap (born 10 September 1972) is an Indian filmmaker and actor known for his works in Hindi cinema. He is the recipient of four Filmfare Awards. For his contributions to films, the Government of France made him a Knight of the Ordre ...
, film director, renowned for his contributions to Hindi cinema, associated with Gorakhpur. * Nitasha Kaul, British-Indian academic, writer and poet based in
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
. * Farhat Basir Khan, photographer and media studies academic, associated with Gorakhpur. * Kamal Kishor, Indian politician and a former Member of Parliament of India. * Ahmar Lari, Urdu writer and poet from Gorakhpur. * Suhail Zaheer Lari, Pakistani historian and author who focused on the history of the
Sindh Sindh ( ; ; , ; abbr. SD, historically romanized as Sind (caliphal province), Sind or Scinde) is a Administrative units of Pakistan, province of Pakistan. Located in the Geography of Pakistan, southeastern region of the country, Sindh is t ...
region. * Zafrul Ahsan Lari, was an ICS (Punjab Cadre) Administrator from the 1934 batch. * Zahirul Hasnain Lari, was a lawyer, a known Muslim League leader. * Surjit Singh Majithia, industrialist and philanthropist, contributed to the development of Gorakhpur. * Tabassum Mansoor, Indian educationist in
Libya Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–L ...
, from Gorakhpur. *
Daler Mehndi Daler Singh (born 18 August 1967), better known as Daler Mehndi, is an Indian singer, songwriter, author, and record producer. He has helped to make Bhangra (music), Bhangra popular worldwide, as well as Indian pop music independent of Bollywoo ...
, famous Punjabi singer, started his career in Gorakhpur. * Vidya Niwas Mishra, Hindi-Sanskrit littérateur and journalist, associated with Gorakhpur. * Syed Modi, national badminton champion and Arjuna Awardee, trained in Gorakhpur. * Mahendra Nath Mulla, officer of the Indian Navy, recipient of Maha Vir Chakra, born in Gorakhpur. * Muhibbullah Lari Nadwi, was an Indian Islamic scholar. * Meenakshi Narain, an Indian-born American experimental physicist. * Jamuna Nishad, Indian politician, connected with Gorakhpur. *
Praveen Kumar Nishad Praveen Kumar Nishad (born 19 February 1989) is an Indian politician and a member of Bharatiya Janata Party. He is a member of Lok Sabha from Sant Kabir Nagar, Uttar Pradesh since 2019 elections. He is the son of Sanjay Nishad, founder of th ...
, Indian politician, associated with Gorakhpur. * Sanjay Nishad, politician, founder of NISHAD Party, linked to Gorakhpur. * Sarvan Kumar Nishad, Indian politician, engineer, and a member of the 18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly. * Sri Niwas, Indian geophysicist and a professor at the Department of
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s of
IIT Roorkee The Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT- Roorkee or IIT-R) is a technical university located in Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India. It is the oldest engineering institution in India. It was founded as the College of Civil Engineering in 1847 d ...
. * Vinod Panday, Indian politician, current National Executive Member and former President of BJP Kisan Morcha. * Kamlesh Paswan, politician and Member of Parliament, 17th Lok Sabha, connected to Gorakhpur. * Vipin Patwa, politician and social worker, involved in activities related to Gorakhpur. * Hanuman Prasad Poddar, editor of Kalyan, propagated Hinduism globally through his publications in Gorakhpur. * Mahaveer Prasad, Indian politician. * Visharad Phirangi Prasad, Indian politician. He was the member of 6th Lok Sabha. *
Premchand Dhanpat Rai Srivastava (31 July 1880 – 8 October 1936), better known as Munshi Premchand based on his pen name Premchand (), was an Indian writer famous for his modern Hindustani language, Hindustani literature. Premchand was a pioneer ...
, Hindi writer, worked as a teacher in Gorakhpur (1916-1921). * Nivruti Rai, head of Intel India and vice-president of Intel Foundry Services. * Abdur Raqib (cricketer), former Pakistani first-class cricketer, born in Gorakhpur, India. * Hansu Ram, Indian politician, farmer, and a member of the 18th Uttar Pradesh. * Lawrence Reade (cricketer, born 1846), was a
New Zealand New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...
solicitor and cricketer. *
Subrata Roy Subrata Roy (10 June 1948 – 14 November 2023) was an Indian businessman who founded the business conglomerate Sahara India Pariwar in 1978. Sahara India Pariwar operated a vast number of businesses, such as Aamby Valley City, Sahara Movi ...
, Indian businessman, founder of Sahara India Pariwar, linked to Gorakhpur. * Sushila Saroj, Member of the 15th Lok Sabha of India. * Asit Sen, Bollywood actor, has ties to Gorakhpur. *
Jimmy Sheirgill Jimmy Sheirgill (born Jasjit Singh Gill; 3 December 1970), also known as Jimmy Shergill, is an Indian actor and producer who primarily works in Hindi and Punjabi language, Punjabi films. Sheirgill began his film career with the 1996 thriller ...
, actor, known for work in Hindi and Punjabi cinema, has roots in Gorakhpur. * Bandhu Singh, revolutionary and freedom fighter, linked to Gorakhpur. * Billy Arjan Singh, conservationist and author, active in Gorakhpur. * Lilavati Singh, social worker, born in Gorakhpur. *
Pradeep Shukla Pradeep Shukla is an Indian politician and a member of 18th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh representing Sahajanwa. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Personal life Shukla was born to Satyadev and hails from Gorakhpur city of ...
is an Indian politician and a member of 18th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh. * Prakash Shukla, Indian contract killer, known for his criminal activities in Gorakhpur. *
Saurabh Shukla Saurabh Shukla (born 5 March 1963) is an Indian actor, screenwriter, and film director who works in Hindi and a few Tamil language, Tamil and Telugu language, Telugu films. He is best known for his roles in ''Satya (1998 film), Satya'' (1998), ...
, actor, director, known for roles in films like
Satya (Sanskrit: ; IAST: ) is a Sanskrit word that can be translated as "truth" or "essence.“ In Indian religions, it refers to a kind of virtue found across them. This virtue most commonly refers to being truthful in one's thoughts, speech and act ...
and Jolly LLB 2, born in Gorakhpur. *
Shiv Pratap Shukla Shiv Pratap Shukla (born 1 April 1952) is an Indian politician and statesman. Currently, he is the Governor of Himachal Pradesh. He was the Minister of State for Finance in the First Modi ministry. He was a Member of Parliament in the upper h ...
, the Governor of
Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh (; Sanskrit: ''himācāl prādes;'' "Snow-laden Mountain Province") is a States and union territories of India, state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the thirteen Indian Himalayan ...
, has ties to Gorakhpur. * Janardan Singh Sigriwal, famous wrestler, known as Bharat Bhim, trained in Gorakhpur. * Amardeep Singh, Indian researcher, writer, photographer and documentary filmmaker based in Singapore. * Geetanjali Singh, actress, known for television roles in shows like Tumhari Paakhi, born in Gorakhpur. *
Kedarnath Singh Kedarnath Singh (7 July 1934 – 19 March 2018) was an Indian poet who wrote in Hindi. He was also an eminent critic and essayist. He was awarded the Jnanpith Award (2013), Sahitya Akademi Award (1989) in Hindi for his poetry collection, ''Akaa ...
, poet, critic, from Gorakhpur. * Ravindra Singh, Indian politician. * Vir Bahadur Singh, former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, architect of modern Gorakhpur. * Prem Maya Sonir, hockey player, Arjuna Awardee, Indian Women’s Hockey Team captain, from Gorakhpur. * Neelam Sonkar, Indian politician. * K. K. Srivastava, Indian poet and author *
Manglesh Kumar Srivastava Manglesh Kumar Srivastava (born 1 July 1961) is the Mayor of Gorakhpur and Ex-director of Tilak Pathology. He has been elected as the Mayor candidate from the Bhartiya Janta Party in Gorakhpur Mayor Elections 2023. Personal life Manglesh was ...
, mayor of Gorakhpur * Bhishma Shankar Tiwari, is an Indian politician. * Hari Shankar Tiwari, politician, notable for his influence in Uttar Pradesh politics, from Gorakhpur. * Aman Mani Tripathi, Indian politician and a member of 17th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh. * Amarmani Tripathi, politician, former MLA from Uttar Pradesh * Rishi Tripathi, Indian politician and a member of the 18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly. * Surti Narayan Mani Tripathi, first ICS of UP, founder of Gorakhpur University. *
Mahadevi Varma Mahadevi Varma (26 March 1907 – 11 September 1987) was an Indian Hindi-language poet, essayist, short story writer, and an eminent personality of Hindi literature. She is considered one of the four major pillars of the '' Chhayawadi'' era in ...
was an Indian poet and essayist who studied at Gorakhpur University. *
Abhishek Yadav (cricketer) This is a list of cricketers who have played First-class cricket, first-class, List A cricket, List A or Twenty20 cricket for Odisha cricket team, previously known as the Orissa cricket team. A * A K Adhikari * Pawan Agarwal * Sridhar Alva ...
, Indian cricket. * Arun Kumar Yadav (Uttar Pradesh politician), politician and a member of 17th Legislative Assembly, Uttar Pradesh. * Baleshwar Yadav (politician), Indian politician. * Baleshwar Yadav (singer), politician, former MP from Uttar Pradesh, active in Gorakhpur. * Sanjay Yadav (cricketer), Indian cricketer * Vijay Bahadur Yadav, Indian politician and a member in 15th and 16th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh. *
Paramahansa Yogananda Paramahansa Yogananda (born Mukunda Lal Ghosh; January 5, 1893March 7, 1952) was an Indian and American Hindu monk, yoga, yogi and guru who introduced millions to meditation and Kriya Yoga school, Kriya Yoga through his organization, Self ...
, yogi and spiritual teacher, introduced Kriya Yoga globally, has ties to Gorakhpur.


See also

* Gorakhpur Cantonment railway station * St. John's Church, Gorakhpur


Notes


References

{{Uttar Pradesh


External links


Gorakhpur municipal government National Informatics Centre (NIC)Uttar Pradesh Government District NIC
' Cities and towns in Gorakhpur district Cities in Uttar Pradesh