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Yews
Yew is a common name given to various species of trees. It is most prominently given to any of various coniferous trees and shrubs in the genus ''Taxus'': * European yew or common yew (''Taxus baccata'') * Pacific yew or western yew (''Taxus brevifolia'') * Canadian yew (''Taxus canadensis'') * Chinese yew (''Taxus chinensis'') * Japanese yew (''Taxus cuspidata'') * Florida yew (''Taxus floridana'') * Mexican yew (''Taxus globosa'') * Sumatran yew (''Taxus sumatrana'') * Himalayan yew (''Taxus wallichiana'') * ''Taxus masonii'' (Eocene fossil yew) It is also used for any of various coniferous plants in the families Taxaceae and Cephalotaxaceae: * White-berry yew (''Pseudotaxus chienii'') * New Caledonian yew or southern yew (''Austrotaxus spicata'') * Catkin-yew (''Amentotaxus sp.'') * Plum-yew (''Cephalotaxus sp.'') Various coniferous plants in the family Podocarpaceae, superficially similar to other yews, are also known by this name: * Prince Albert's yew (''Saxegothaea consp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxus
''Taxus'' is a genus of coniferous trees or shrubs known as yews in the family Taxaceae. Yews occur around the globe in temperate zones of the northern hemisphere, northernmost in Norway and southernmost in the South Celebes. Some populations exist in tropical highlands. The oldest known fossil species are from the Early Cretaceous. Morphology They are relatively slow-growing and can be very long-lived, and reach heights of , with trunk girth averaging . They have reddish bark, lanceolate, flat, dark-green leaves long and broad, arranged spirally on the stem, but with the leaf bases twisted to align the leaves in two flat rows either side of the stem. The male cones are globose, across, and shed their pollen in early spring. Yews are mostly dioecious, but occasional individuals can be variably monoecious, or change sex with time. The seed cones are highly modified, each cone containing a single seed long partly surrounded by a modified scale which develops into a soft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxus Baccata
''Taxus baccata'' is a species of evergreen tree in the family (botany), family Taxaceae, native to Western Europe, Central Europe and Southern Europe, as well as Northwest Africa, and parts of Southwest Asia.Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins . It is the tree originally known as yew, though with other related trees becoming known, it may be referred to as common yew, European yew, or in North America English yew. It is a woodland tree in its native range, and is also grown as an ornamental tree, hedge or topiary. The plant is poisonous, with toxins that can be absorbed through inhalation, ingestion, and transpiration through the skin. Consuming any part of the tree, excluding the aril, can be deadly and the consumption of even a small amount of the foliage can result in death. Taxonomy and naming The word ''yew'' is from Old English ''īw, ēow'', ultimately from Proto-Indo-European ''*h₁eyHw-''. Possibly entered Proto-Germanic language, Germanic la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxaceae Taxonomic Diagram 2
Taxaceae (), commonly called the yew family, is a coniferous family which includes six extant and two extinct genera, and about 30 species of plants, or in older interpretations three genera and 7 to 12 species. Description They are many-branched, small trees and shrubs. The leaves are evergreen, spirally arranged, often twisted at the base to appear 2-ranked. They are linear to lanceolate, and have pale green or white stomatal bands on the undersides. The plants are dioecious, or rarely monoecious. The catkin like male cones are long, and shed pollen in the early spring. They are sometimes externally only slightly differentiated from the branches. The fertile bracts have 2-8 pollen sacs. The female 'cones' are highly reduced. Only the upper or uppermost bracts are fertile and bear one or rarely two seeds. The ovule usually exceeds the scale, although ovules are sometimes rarely enclosed by it. They may be found on the ends of branches or on the branches. They may grow singly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxaceae
Taxaceae (), commonly called the yew family, is a coniferous family (biology), family which includes six Extant taxon, extant and two extinct genera, and about 30 species of plants, or in older interpretations three genera and 7 to 12 species. Description They are many-branched, small trees and shrubs. The leaves are evergreen, spirally arranged, often twisted at the base to appear 2-ranked. They are linear to lanceolate, and have pale green or white stomatal bands on the undersides. The plants are Plant sexuality, dioecious, or rarely Plant sexuality, monoecious. The catkin like male cones are long, and shed pollen in the early spring. They are sometimes externally only slightly differentiated from the branches. The fertile bracts have 2-8 pollen sacs. The female 'cones' are highly reduced. Only the upper or uppermost bracts are fertile and bear one or rarely two seeds. The ovule usually exceeds the scale, although ovules are sometimes rarely enclosed by it. They may be foun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saxegothaea
''Saxegothaea'' is a genus comprising a single species, ''Saxegothaea conspicua''. It is a conifer in the podocarp family Podocarpaceae, native to southern South America. It grows in Chile and Argentina from 35° to 46° South latitude; in its northernmost natural distribution it grows between 800 and 1000 (2600–3300 ft) m above sea level and in the south it lives at sea level. The species is most often known by its genus name, or sometimes as female maniu (a translation of its name in Spanish) and Prince Albert's yew; in South America it is known as mañío hembra or maniú hembra. The genus name of ''Saxegothaea'' is in honour of Franz August Carl Albert Emanuel von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1819–1861), who was the consort of Queen Victoria from their marriage on 10 February 1840 until his death in 1861. Lindley wrote "This remarkable plant, to which His Royal Highness Prince Albert has been pleased to permit one of his titles to be given, and which will probably rank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Podocarpaceae
Podocarpaceae is a large family of mainly southern hemisphere conifers, known in English as podocarps, comprising about 156 species of evergreen trees and shrubs.James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. ''Conifers of the World''. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. . It contains 20 genera if ''Phyllocladus'' is included and ''Manoao'' and ''Sundacarpus'' are recognized. The family achieved its maximum diversity in the Cenozoic, making the Podocarpaceae family one of the most diverse in the southern hemisphere. The family is a classic member of the Antarctic flora, with its main centres of diversity in Australasian realm, Australasia, particularly New Caledonia, Tasmania, and New Zealand, and to a slightly lesser extent Malesia and South America (primarily in the Andes Mountains). Several genera extend north of the equator into Indochina and the Philippines. ''Podocarpus'' reaches as far north as southern Japan and southern China in Asia, and Mexico in the Americas, and ''Nageia'' into southern Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephalotaxus
''Cephalotaxus'', commonly called plum yew or cowtail pine, is a genus of conifers comprising 11 species, either considered the only member of the family Cephalotaxaceae, or in the Taxaceae when that family is considered in a broad sense. The genus is endemic to eastern Asia, though fossil evidence shows it had a wider Northern Hemisphere distribution in the past. The species are evergreen shrubs and small trees reaching (rarely to ) tall. Description The leaves are spirally arranged on the shoots, but twisted at the base to lie in two flat ranks (except on erect leading shoots); they are linear, long and broad, soft in texture, with a blunt tip; this helps distinguish them from the related genus ''Torreya'', which has spine-tipped leaves. The species can be either monoecious or dioecious; when monoecious, the male and female cones are often on different branches. The male (pollen) cones are long, grouped in lines along the underside of a shoot. The female (seed) cones are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amentotaxus
''Amentotaxus'' is a genus of Pinophyta, conifers (catkin-yews) comprising five species, treated in either the Cephalotaxaceae, or in the Taxaceae when that family is considered in a broad sense. The genus is endemic (ecology), endemic to subtropical Southeast Asia, from Taiwan west across southern China to Assam in the eastern Himalaya, and south to Vietnam. The species are evergreen shrubs and small trees reaching 2–15 m tall. The leaf, leaves are spirally arranged on the shoots, but twisted at the base to lie in two flat ranks (except on erect leading shoots); they are linear-lanceolate, 4–12 cm long and 6–10 mm broad, soft in texture, with a blunt tip, green above, and with two conspicuous white stomatal bands below. They differ from the related genus ''Cephalotaxus'' in the broader leaves, and from ''Torreya'' by the blunt, not spine-tipped leaves. The species can be either plant sexuality, monoecious or plant sexuality, dioecious; when monoecious, the male ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austrotaxus
''Austrotaxus spicata'', the New Caledonia yew or southern yew, is a species of yew, the sole species in the genus ''Austrotaxus''. It is related to the other yews in the genera ''Taxus'' and '' Pseudotaxus''. It is endemic to New Caledonia, occurring in the central and northern parts of the island at 300-1,350 m altitude. It is a dioecious coniferous shrub or small tree, reaching 5–20 m (rarely 25 m) tall with reddish bark. The leaves are lanceolate, flat, 8–12 cm long (up to 17 cm on young plants) and 4 mm broad, dark green above, with two paler green stomatal bands below; they are arranged spirally on the stem. The seed cones are drupe-like, 20–25 mm long, with a fleshy aril almost completely surrounding the single seed In botany, a seed is a plant structure containing an embryo and stored nutrients in a protective coat called a ''testa''. More generally, the term "seed" means anything that can be Sowing, sown, which may include seed and husk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudotaxus
''Pseudotaxus chienii'', known commonly as the whiteberry yewThomas, P. & Yang, Y. 2013''Pseudotaxus chienii''.The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2. Downloaded on 04 September 2015. (), is a species of plant in the yew family, Taxaceae. It is the sole species in the genus ''Pseudotaxus'', but is closely related to the other yews in the genus ''Taxus''. It is endemic to southern China, occurring in northern Guangdong, northern Guangxi, Hunan, Southwest Jiangxi, and southern Zhejiang. Like other yews, it is a small coniferous shrub or small tree, reaching 2–5 m tall with reddish bark. The leaves are lanceolate, flat, 1–2.6 cm long and 2–3 mm broad, dark green above, with two white stomatal bands below; they are arranged spirally on the stem, but with the leaf bases twisted to align the leaves in two flat rows either side of the stem. The conspicuous white stomatal bands on the harder, stiffer (less soft) leaves readily distinguish it from the yews ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephalotaxaceae
Cephalotaxaceae is a small family of conifers. It is often treated as a monophyletic family including only the single genus '' Cephalotaxus'', while others have also included '' Torreya'' and ''Amentotaxus'' in the family. Cephalotaxaceae is closely allied to the yew family Taxaceae, and is often included in a wide interpretation of Taxaceae, based on phylogenetic evidence and close morphological similarities between them. Included species were restricted to east Asia, except for two species of '' Torreya'' found in the southwest and southeast of the United States; fossil evidence shows a much wider prehistorical Northern Hemisphere distribution. The most notable differences between Taxaceae and Cephalotaxaceae concerned the cone aril, which fully encloses the seeds of Cephalotaxaceae, the longer maturation of Cephalotaxaceae seeds and the larger size of the mature seeds. When considered as a distinct family, members of Cephalotaxaceae are much branched, small trees and shrubs. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
