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Velikaš
Velikaš (, ) is the Serbo-Croatian word for 'magnate', derived from ('great, large, grand'). Another word is , which was commonly used for provincial lords (). It was used to refer to the highest nobility of Serbia in the Middle Ages and Croatia in the union with Hungary, Croatia in the Middle Ages while the highest nobility in Bosnia in the Middle Ages, Bosnia were called ''vlastelin'' (, lower status). It is the equivalent of boyar, used in Eastern Europe. Titles used by the higher nobility include ''vojvoda'' (general, duke), ''veliki župan'', etc. Serbian magnates Serbian Empire Magnates with Byzantine court titles * prince Simeon Uroš, Dušan's half-brother, duke of Epirus and Acarnania * Jovan Asen, Dušan's brother-in-law, governor in southern Albania * Jovan Oliver, Dušan's close associate, and governor in Ovče Pole and left Vardar * Dejan (magnate), Dejan, Dušan's brother-in-law, governor of Pčinja * Branko Mladenović, Branko, Dušan's relative, governor of O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vlastelin
Vlastelin ( vlastelini) is the Serbian language word for the "magnate", derived from ''vlast'' ("rule, power, authority, government, management, office"). Other words are ''velmoža'' and ''velikaš'', sometimes used interchangeably, particularly to designate ''regional lords''. ''Vlastelin'' was used when referring to the highest and most powerful nobility in the Balkans. The word "vlastela" is mentioned for the first time in the book "Nomokanon Svetog Save", from 1219, where the Greek word "Archon"(ἄρχων), is translated into Serbian vlastel, knez, boljar. Also, in Serbia in the Middle Ages, Serbia and Croatia in the union with Hungary, Croatia of the era, the ''velikaš'' and ''velmoža'' were most likely terms used in place of ''vlastelin''. From ''vlastelin,'' the term ''vlastelinčić'' was derived for lower or lesser ''vlastelin'' status. In Eastern Europe, the equivalent term would be boyar. Titles used by the higher nobility in medieval Bosnia include ''Grand duke'' (p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serbian Noble Titles
In the Medieval Serbian state, a range of court and honorific titles were used. Overview During the reign of King Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321) the Serbian court hierarchy was: ''stavilac'', ''čelnik'', ''kaznac'', ''tepčija'' and '' vojvoda'', the supreme title. In the Dečani chrysobulls, King Stefan Dečanski (r. 1321–1331) mentioned that the court dignitaries present at the Dečani assembly were the ''kaznac'', ''tepčija'', ''vojvoda'', ''sluga'' and ''stavilac''. In the periods of the Serbian Kingdom and Serbian Empire, several Byzantine titles and honorifics were adopted, such as ''sevast'', ''protosevast'' and ''sevastokrator''. After the crowning of Stefan Dušan as Emperor (1346), there was a further increase in the Byzantinization of the Serbian court, especially in court ceremonies and titles. From his new position, Dušan could grant titles only possible for an emperor to grant, such as '' despot'', '' sevastokrator'', and '' ćesar''. The higher nobility – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serbia In The Middle Ages
The medieval period in the history of Serbia began in the 6th century with the Slavic migrations to Southeastern Europe, and lasted until the Ottoman Serbia, Ottoman conquest of Serbian lands in the second half of the 15th century. The period is also extended to 1537, when Pavle Bakić, the last titular Despot of Serbia in Hungarian exile, fell in the Battle of Gorjani. At the time of settling, Serbs were already transitioning from a tribal community into a feudal society. The first Serbian state with established political identity was founded by prince Vlastimir in the mid-9th century. It was followed by other Serbian proto states, unstable due to the constant clashes with the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarians, Principality of Hungary, Hungarians and Byzantine Empire, Byzantines, and by the conflict between Catholic Church, Rome and Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, Constantinople regarding the Christianization of Serbs, Christianization with the Byzantines getting th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altoman Vojinović
Altoman Vojinović (; 1335–59) was a Serbian magnate ('' velikaš'') who served Emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–55) as ''župan'' ("count") and Emperor Uroš V (r. 1355–71) as '' veliki župan'' ("grand count"). His father Vojin was a general (''vojvoda'') with the title of ''knez'', while his younger brother Vojislav also had the title of ''knez''. Life Altoman was the middle son of Vojin, a general that served King Stefan Dečanski and King Stefan Dušan and held the title of ''knez'' of Hum. Vojin was one of the more powerful nobles of King Stefan Dečanski, while his sons, Miloš, Altoman and Vojislav, were in Young King Dušan's circle. With the conflict between the King and his son, however, Vojin and other noblemen joined the Young King (1330–31). Vojin's support of Dušan further elevated the Vojinović family. In 1333, King Dušan sent the eldest son, Miloš, to Ragusa as part of the negotiation team. After the death of Vojin, his sons divided their father' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grgur Golubić
Grgur Golubić ( sr-Cyrl, Гргур Голубић, кесар Гргур; 1347–61) was a Serbian nobleman who served Emperors Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–55) and Stefan Uroš V as ''kesar'' (caesar). He was the son of ''sevastokrator'' Branko Mladenović. Grgur was the second son of ''sevastokrator'' Branko Mladenović, the governor of Ohrid under Emperor Dušan (fl. 1346). His older brother was Nikola Radonja (d. 1399) and his younger brother was Vuk Branković (1345–1397). His cousin was magnate Nikola Altomanović (fl. 1348–76), whose mother Ratoslava was Grgur's paternal aunt. His grandfather was ''vojvoda'' Mladen (fl. 1323–26), who served kings Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321) and Stefan Dečanski (r. 1321–31), and was mentioned as having governed Trebinje and Dračevica in 1323. Grgur was first mentioned in March 1347, as a ''kesar'', in a letter from Pope Innocentius VI to Emperor Dušan. Grgur is mentioned in charters authored by Dušan dating to 1348–54 of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dejan (magnate)
Dejan ( sr-Cyrl, Дејан; fl. 1346 – c. 1366) was a magnate who served Serbian Emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–55) as '' sevastokrator'', and Emperor Uroš V (r. 1355–71) as '' despot''. He was married to Emperor Dušan's sister Teodora, and possessed a large province in the Kumanovo region, east of Skopska Crna Gora. It initially included the old '' župe'' (counties) of Žegligovo and Preševo (modern Kumanovo region with Sredorek, Kozjačija and the larger part of Pčinja). Uroš V later gave Dejan the Upper Struma river with Velbužd (Kyustendil). Dejan rebuilt the Zemen Monastery, one of Dejan's endowments, among others, as he also reconstructed several church buildings throughout his province. Dejan was one of the prominent figures of Dušan's reign and during the fall of the Serbian Empire after Dušan's death. Dejan is the progenitor of the Dejanović noble family, with his two sons, ''despot'' Jovan and ''gospodin'' Konstantin, also becoming powerful d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plural
In many languages, a plural (sometimes list of glossing abbreviations, abbreviated as pl., pl, , or ), is one of the values of the grammatical number, grammatical category of number. The plural of a noun typically denotes a quantity greater than the default quantity represented by that noun. This default quantity is most commonly one (a form that represents this default quantity of one is said to be of ''singular'' number). Therefore, plurals most typically denote two or more of something, although they may also denote fractional, zero or negative amounts. An example of a plural is the English word ''boys'', which corresponds to the singular ''boy''. Words of other types, such as verbs, adjectives and pronouns, also frequently have distinct plural forms, which are used in agreement (linguistics), agreement with the number of their associated nouns. Some languages also have a dual (grammatical number), dual (denoting exactly two of something) or other systems of number categories. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jovan Oliver
Jovan Oliver Grčinić (; ca. 1310–1356) was a magnate of the Serbian Emperor Dušan the Mighty (r. 1331–1355), holding the titles of ''sebastokrator'' and ''despotes'', and the rank of "great voivode", showing his prominence and status as one of the most important nobles of Dušan. Oliver supported Dušan in the succession war against his father, and was one of the supreme generals in the southern military expeditions (Macedonia, Thessaly). His province included Ovče Pole and the left bank of the Vardar. After the death of Emperor Dušan, there are no more mentions of Oliver. During the fall of the Serbian Empire, his lands were held by the Dejanovići. Life Jovan was the son a ''vlastelin'' Grčin (Грчин, "Greek") who had lands in some part of the Serbian Kingdom. Jovan is referred to in a Ragusan source as ''Oliver Grčinić'', and his knowledge of Greek lends support to the notion of a Greek origin. He ruled his domain, in modern-day North Macedonia, as a semi-i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slavic Titles
Slavic, Slav or Slavonic may refer to: Peoples * Slavic peoples, an ethno-linguistic group living in Europe and Asia ** East Slavic peoples, eastern group of Slavic peoples ** South Slavic peoples, southern group of Slavic peoples ** West Slavic peoples, western group of Slavic peoples * Anti-Slavic sentiment, negative attitude towards Slavic peoples * Pan-Slavic movement, movement in favor of Slavic cooperation and unity * Slavic studies, a multidisciplinary field of studies focused on history and culture of Slavic peoples Languages, alphabets, and names * Slavic languages, a group of closely related Indo-European languages ** Proto-Slavic language, reconstructed proto-language of all Slavic languages ** Old Church Slavonic, 9th century Slavic literary language, used for the purpose of evangelizing the Slavic peoples ** Church Slavonic, a written and spoken variant of Old Church Slavonic, standardized and widely adopted by Slavs in the Middle Ages, which became a liturgical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vojihna
Vojihna Nemanjić of Drama or simply Vojin of Drama ( sr-Cyrl, Војихна ; ca 1298–1360), was a Serbian feudal nobleman, member of the collateral branch of Nemanjić dynasty, ruling family of the medieval Serbia, that rose through the ranks and became one of the most acclaimed military commanders (''voivode'') and princes of Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia. During the Serbian Kingdom and Empire (1331–71), he was titled ''Caesar'' (, sr. ћесар/кесар), hence, he is mostly known as Caesar Vojihna (кесар Војихна).Fajfric, p. 5 During this period, he was ruling the entire region of Drama (today in Northwestern Greece) as its Lord. Origin He was probably born around 1298. In a Chilandar charter of Emperor Uroš IV Dušan, Vojihna is mentioned as "nobleman and associate of my Empire, cousin Vojihna".''Književno delo monahinje Jefimije'', p. 1 This has been interpreted in several ways; Ćirković understand this as the two are relatives, but the de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Preljub
Preljub ( sr-Cyrl, Прељуб; c. 1312–1356) was a Serbian magnate who served Emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–55) as '' vojvoda'' (general). He participated in the southern conquests and held Thessaly with the rank of ''caesar'' (''kesar'') in 1348–56. His son Thomas Preljubović was Despot of Epirus in 1366–84. Biography Preljub appears in sources in 1344, taking part in the Serbian conquest of Macedonia during the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347. According to contemporary chroniclers, Stefan Dušan considered him the best of all his magnates "in valor, courage and experience". In May 1344, he led a Serbian army in the Battle of Stephaniana against the Emirate of Aydin, allies of the Byzantine emperor John VI Kantakouzenos. The battle was a defeat, but it did not seriously affect the progress of the Serbian conquest. In 1348, reinforced with large numbers of Albanians, Preljub invaded Thessaly. Aided by the depopulation brought about by the Black Death, which, among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Branko Mladenović
Branko ( sr-cyr, Бранко; 1331–65) was a Serbian magnate who served to king and Serbian Empire, emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–55), and emperor Stefan Uroš V (r. 1355–71), with the titles of ''sluga'' and later ''sevastokrator''. A member of an old and respectable family, possibly descending from the Serbian dynasty itself, Branko began his royal service in the nearest circle of the ruler. After the elevation of the Serbian state to the Serbian Empire, Empire (1346), Branko received the second-highest court title, ''sevastokrator'', usually given to relatives. He governed the Ohrid region (in Macedonia (region), Macedonia). Branko had three sons and a daughter, of whom Vuk Branković would become an important person in the period of the Fall of the Serbian Empire. Origin and early life Branko's father Mladen (magnate), Mladen ( 1319–26) was a great dignitary that served the Serbian kings Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321) and Stefan Dečanski (r. 1321–31). He first h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
