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Utroque Iure
A doctor of both laws, from the Latin , , or ("doctor of both laws") (abbreviations include: JUD, IUD, DUJ, JUDr., DUI, DJU, Dr.iur.utr., Dr.jur.utr., DIU, UJD and UID), is a scholar who has acquired a doctorate in both civil and church law. The degree was common among Roman Catholic and German scholars of the Middle Ages and early modern times. Today the degree is awarded by the Pontifical Lateran University after a period of six years of study, by the University of Würzburg, and by the University of Fribourg, as well as the University of Cologne. Between approximately the twelfth through the eighteenth centuries, European students of law mastered the ''Ius commune'', a pan-European legal system that held sway during that span. It was composed of canon (church) law and Roman and feudal (civil) law, resulting in the degree of "Doctor of both laws". or of "Licentiatus of both laws". Doctors of Civil and Canon Law * Antonio Agliardi, Cardinal, Camerlengo of the Sacred Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate (PhD). Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion. Definitions In contemporary English usage, the term ''scholar'' sometimes is equivalent to the term ''academic'', and describes a university-educated individual who has achieved intellectual mastery of an academic discipline, as instructor and as researcher. Moreover, before the establishment of universities, the term ''scholar'' identified and described an intellectual person whose primary occupation was professional research. In 1847, minister Emanuel Vogel Gerhart spoke of the role of the scholar in society: Gerhart argued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Bach
Thomas Bach (born 29 December 1953) is a German lawyer, former foil fencer, and Olympic gold medalist. He has served as the ninth president of the International Olympic Committee since 2013, the first ever Olympic champion to be elected to that position. Bach is also a former German individual foil champion as well as a team world champion, and former member of the German Olympic Sports Confederation's executive board. Early life and education Thomas Bach was born in Würzburg. He grew up in Tauberbischofsheim, where he lived with his parents until 1977. Bach earned a doctor of law ( Dr. iur. utr.) degree in 1983 at the University of Würzburg. In addition to his native German, he speaks fluent French, English and Spanish. Fencing career Bach is a former foil fencer, who competed for West Germany. In 1971, at 17 years of age, he won the German national junior foil championship, and a bronze medal at the Junior World Fencing Championships in Chicago, Illinois. At the World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domenico Carafa Della Spina Di Traetto
Domenico is an Italian given name for males and may refer to: People * Domenico Alfani, Italian painter * Domenico Allegri, Italian composer * Domenico Alvaro, Italian mobster * Domenico Ambrogi, Italian painter * Domenico Auria, Italian architect * Domenico del Barbiere, Florentine artist * Domenico di Bartolo, Italian painter * Domenico Bartolucci, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal * Domenico di Pace Beccafumi, Italian painter * Domenico Pignatelli di Belmonte, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal * Domenico Berardi, Italian footballer * Domenico Bernini, son of Gian Lorenzo Bernini * Domenico Bidognetti, Italian criminal * Domenico Bollani, Venetian diplomat and politician * Domenico Canale, Italian-American distributor * Domenico Caprioli, Italian painter * Domenico Caruso, Italian poet and writer * Domenico Cefalù, Italian-American mobster * Domenico Cimarosa, Italian composer * Domenico Cirillo, Italian physician and patriot * Domenico Colombo, father of Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filippo Giudice Caracciolo
Filippo Giudice Caracciolo was an Italian prelate who was archbishop of Naples from 1833 to 1844. Life Born into a noble family in Naples on 27 March 1785, he entered the Oratorian order in the late years of the 18th century. He was ordained on March 18, 1809. He performed his pastoral duties in different places and in 1820 he was named bishop of Molfetta and consecrated as bishop. In 1833, he was named by pope Gregory XVI archbishop of Naples. In the same year he was named Cardinal Cardinal or The Cardinal most commonly refers to * Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds **''Cardinalis'', genus of three species in the family Cardinalidae ***Northern cardinal, ''Cardinalis cardinalis'', the common cardinal of ... with the title of S. Agnese fuori le mura. He died on 29 January 1844. References 1785 births 1844 deaths 19th-century Italian cardinals 19th-century Italian Roman Catholic archbishops Archbishops of Naples Filippo Cardinals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Battista Caprara
Giovanni Battista Caprara Montecuccoli (1733 – 1810) was an Italian statesman and cardinal and archbishop of Milan from 1802 to 1810. As a papal diplomat he served in the embassies in Cologne, Lausanne, and Vienna. As Legate of Pius VII in France, he implemented the '' Concordat'' of 1801, and negotiated with the Emperor Napoleon over the matter of appointments to the restored hierarchy in France. He crowned Napoleon as King of Italy in Milan in 1805. Early life Caprara was born at Bologna on 29 May 1733 to Count Francesco Raimondo Montecuccoli and Countess Maria Vittoria Caprara. He took his maternal surname since she was the last of her line of the Capraras. He was the brother of Count Alberto Caprara, a general and diplomat in the service of Austria. He studied at the Collegio Nazareno in Rome, and earned a doctorate in utroque iure at the Sapienza University of Rome on 23 September 1755. With his doctorate in law, Caprara was appointed in 1755 referendary of the Tribu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Étienne Hubert De Cambacérès
Étienne, a French analog of Stephen or Steven, is a masculine given name. An archaic variant of the name, prevalent up to the mid-17th century, is Estienne. Étienne, Etienne, Ettiene or Ettienne may refer to: People Artists and entertainers * Etienne Aigner (1904–2000), Hungarian-born German fashion designer * Étienne Chatiliez (born 1952), French film director * Étienne de Crécy (born 1969), French electronic music producer and DJ * Étienne Daho (born 1956), French singer, songwriter and record producer * Etienne Debel (1931–1993), Belgian actor and director *Étienne Doirat (c. 1675–1732), French furniture designer. *Étienne Maurice Falconet (1716–1791), French Rococo sculptor * Etienne Girardot (1856–1939), Anglo-French actor * Étienne Jodelle, seigneur de Limodin (1532–1573), French dramatist and poet * Étienne Loulié (1654–1702), French musician, pedagogue and musical theorist * Étienne Méhul (1763–1817), French composer * Étienne Moulinié (1599 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio Maria Cagiano De Azevedo
Antonio Maria Cagiano de Azevedo (14 December 1797 – 13 January 1867) was a Catholic Cardinal and held a number of significant legal positions within the Catholic Church during the 19th century. Personal life Cagiano was born 14 December 1797 in Santopadre to a noble family; he was the son of ''Ottavio Cagiano de Azevedo''. Cagiano was the uncle of Cardinal Ottavio Cagiano de Azevedo. He was educated at the Pontifical Academy of Ecclesiastical Nobles in Rome then at the ''Archgymnasium of Rome'' where he received a doctorate in utroque iuris (civil and canon law). Ecclesiastical service Cagiano was ordained in 1824 and was immediately appointed to a number of politico-legal positions in quick succession including: *Secretary to the dean of the Sacred Roman Rota. *Member of the college of consistorial lawyers. *Domestic prelate of Pope Pius VIII. *''Assessore criminale'' of the auditor general of the Apostolic Chamber and of the governor of Rome. *Auditor of the Tribunal o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Battista Bussi (1755–1844)
Giovanni Battista Bussi (23 January 1755 in Viterbo – 31 January 1844 in Benevento) was an Italian cleric. He was raised to cardinal by pope Leo XII Pope Leo XII (; born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiorre Girolamo Nicola della Genga; 2 August 1760 – 10 February 1829) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 28 September 1823 to his death in February 1829. ... in the consistory of 3 May 1824. References External linksGiovanni Battista Cardinal Bussi in Catholic Hierarchy 1755 births 1844 deaths 19th-century Italian cardinals People from Viterbo {{Italy-RC-cardinal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giacomo Luigi Brignole
Giacomo Luigi Brignole (8 May 1797 – 23 June 1853) was a Catholic Cardinal and Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals. Early life Brignole was born on 8 May 1797 in Genoa, then the capital of the Republic of Genoa. He was educated at local institutions in Genoa where he studied humanities and then at the La Sapienza University in Rome where he received a doctorate in utroque iuris (both civil and canon law) in 1835. After being ordained as a priest he was appointed Vice-legate in Ferrara and later Vicar of the patriarchal Lateran Basilica in Rome. He was elected titular archbishop of Nazianzo in and was consecrated in 1830, Rome, by Cardinal Giacomo Filippo Franzoni and was appointed Treasurer General of the Apostolic Chamber in 1833. Cardinalate Brignole was elevated to cardinal-priest in 1834 and was appointed ''President of the Commission of Subsidies'' in 1840. He participated in the Papal Conclave of 1846 which elected Pope Pius IX. He also held the po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebastian Brant
Sebastian Brant (also Brandt; 1457/1458 – 10 May 1521) was a German humanist and satirist. He is best known for his satire '' Das Narrenschiff'' (''The Ship of Fools''). Early life and education Brant was born in either 1457 or 1458 in Strasbourg, Holy Roman Empire, to innkeeper Diebold Brant and Barbara Brant (née Rickler). He entered the University of Basel in October 1475 and as an assistant to Jacobus Hugonius he did not pay the matriculation. For five years he lived in the dorm of magister Hieronymus Berlin, initially studying philosophy and then transferring to the school of law. He was taught Latin by Johann Matthias von Gengenbach, who also lectured philosophy at the Faculty of Philosophy. Initially studying at the Faculty of Philosophy he later studied law. It is assumed he began his law studies in 1476, as his bachelor is already mentioned in the winter of 1477-1478 and in 1484 Brant obtained a licentiate.Wilhelmi, Thomas (ed.).p.14 In 1483 he began teaching at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edoardo Borromeo
Edoardo Borromeo (3 August 1822 – 30 November 1881) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was ''Maestro di Camera'' to Pius IX and was Cardinal-Deacon of Santi Vito, Modesto e Crescenzio from 1868 to 1878. He was the seventh cardinal to be selected from the Borromeo family. References External linksCatholic hierarchy www.borromeo.it * Salvador Miranda ''The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: Biographical Dictionary''. Borromeo Edoardo di Vitaliano e D’Adda, biography from verbanensia.org. 19th-century Italian cardinals Cardinals created by Pope Pius IX 1822 births 1881 deaths Edoardo Edoardo is the Italy, Italian form of the England, English male given name Edward. Notable people named Edoardo include: * Edoardo Agnelli (industrialist) (1892–1935), Italian industrialist * Edoardo Alfieri (1913–1998), Italian sculptor * Edoa ... Bishops appointed by Pope Leo XIII {{Italy-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean De Dieu-Raymond De Cucé De Boisgelin
Jean de Dieu-Raymond de Cucé de Boisgelin (27 February 1732 – 22 August 1804) was a French prelate, statesman and cardinal. The Boisgelin of Cucé are the Cadet branch of the maison de Boisgelin). His cousin is the famous author Louis de Boisgelin. Biography Boisgelin was born in Rennes. Achieving remarkable success in his studies at the seminary of Saint-Sulpice and the Sorbonne, the death of his elder brother made him the head of his family, and giving up his birthright, he dedicated his life to the Catholic Church. He rose rapidly through the hierarchy of the church, first made Vicar-General of Pontoise; then in 1765 he was created Bishop of Lavaur; and on 4 November 1770 he was appointed Archbishop of Aix in Provence. Boisgelin also had the honour of delivering the funeral orations of both of the future king Louis XVI's parents, the Dauphin in 1765, and the Dauphine in 1767. As Archbishop of Aix he won for himself the name of skillful administrator and princely ben ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
