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The Tokens
The Tokens were an American doo-wop band (rock and pop), band and production of phonograph records, record production company group from Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York City. The group had four top 40 hits on the Billboard Hot 100, ''Billboard'' Hot 100, all in the 1960s, their biggest being the record chart, chart-topping 1961 hit single "The Lion Sleeps Tonight", which borrowed heavily from the 1939 song "Mbube" by South African singer Solomon Linda. They are also known for having Neil Sedaka as an original member, before he pursued a solo career. History The band was formed in 1955 at Abraham Lincoln High School (Brooklyn), Abraham Lincoln High School in Brooklyn, New York, and was known first as the Linc-Tones, a name inspired by the school's name. The original members were Neil Sedaka, Hank Medress, Eddie Rabkin, and Cynthia Zolotin; however, Rabkin was replaced in 1956 by Jay Siegel. In the same year the band recording session, recorded its first single, "While I Dream", with ...
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Brooklyn
Brooklyn is a Boroughs of New York City, borough of New York City located at the westernmost end of Long Island in the New York (state), State of New York. Formerly an independent city, the borough is coextensive with Kings County, one of twelve original counties established under English rule in 1683 in what was then the Province of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population stood at 2,736,074, making it the most populous of the five boroughs of New York City, and the most populous Administrative divisions of New York (state)#County, county in the state.Table 2: Population, Land Area, and Population Density by County, New York State - 2020
New York State Department of Health. Accessed January 2, 2024.

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Billboard Hot 100
The ''Billboard'' Hot 100, also known as simply the Hot 100, is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for songs, published weekly by '' Billboard'' magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales (physical and digital), online streaming, and radio airplay in the U.S. A new chart is compiled and released online to the public by ''Billboard''s website on Tuesdays but post-dated to the following Saturday, when the printed magazine first reaches newsstands. The weekly tracking period for sales is currently Friday–Thursday, after being changed in July 2015. It was initially Monday–Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991. This tracking period also applies to compiling online streaming data. Radio airplay is readily available on a real-time basis, unlike sales figures and streaming, but is also tracked on the same Friday–Thursday cycle, effective with the chart dated July 17, 2021. Previously, radio was tracked Monday–Sunday and, before Ju ...
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RCA Victor Records
RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Group Corporation. It is one of Sony Music's four flagship labels, alongside Columbia Records (its former longtime rival), Arista Records and Epic Records. The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, classical, rock, hip hop, afrobeat, electronic, R&B, blues, jazz, and country. The label's name is derived from the initials of its now defunct parent company, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA). After the RCA Corporation was purchased by General Electric in 1986, RCA Records was fully acquired by Bertelsmann in 1987, making it a part of Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG); following the merger of BMG and Sony in 2004, RCA Records became a label of Sony BMG Music Entertainment. In 2008, after the dissolution of Sony/BMG and the restructuring of Sony Music, RCA Records became fully owned by Sony. RCA Records is the corporate successor of the Victor Talking Machine ...
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American Bandstand
''American Bandstand'' (AB) is an American Music television, music performance and dance television series that aired in various iterations from 1952 to 1989. It was hosted by Dick Clark who also served as the program's Television producer, producer. The program showcased teenagers dancing to popular songs from the Top 40. Originally broadcast from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, it remained there from its debut in 1952 until it relocated to Los Angeles, California, in 1963. Throughout its run, a wide variety of musical acts appeared on the show, typically Lip sync, lip- syncing to one of their latest singles. Music artist, Artists performed for a studio audience, while the original recording played for viewers at home. Freddy Cannon holds the record for the most appearances, with 110. History 1950s ''American Bandstand'' premiered locally in late March 1952 as ''Bandstand'' on Philadelphia television station WFIL-TV Channel 6 (now WPVI-TV). Hosted by Bob Horn (broadcaster), Bob ...
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Philip Margo
Philip Frederick Margo (April 1, 1942 – November 13, 2021) was an American musician and author who was a longtime member of the Tokens, along with his brother Mitch. They are best known for their hit recording of " The Lion Sleeps Tonight" which rose to #1 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 and remained there for three weeks in 1961. Biography Margo was born in Brooklyn, New York, on April 1, 1942, to Leon and Ruth (née Becker) Margules. He was of Sephardi and Ashkenazi Jewish origin from the Ottoman Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Russian Empire. Margo authored the 2010 science fiction novel, ''The Null Quotient''. He died at a hospital in Los Angeles, California, after suffering a stroke, on November 13, 2021, at the age of 79. The Tokens In addition to his singing, Margo also played the drums. He performed with The Tokens on the following television programs: *''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'' *''Late Night with Conan O'Brien'' *''The Tracey Ullman Show'' R ...
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Roulette Records
Roulette Records was an American record company and label founded in 1957 by George Goldner, Joe Kolsky, Morris Levy and Phil Kahl, with creative control given to producers and songwriters Hugo Peretti and Luigi Creatore. Levy was appointed director. The label had known ties to New York City mobsters. Levy ran the label with an iron fist. In 1958 Roost Records was purchased. Goldner subsequently bowed out of his partnership interest in Roulette and, to cover his gambling debts, sold his record labels Tico, Rama, Gee and—years later—End and Gone to Levy, who grouped them into Roulette. Peretti and Creatore later left Roulette and worked as freelance producers for RCA Victor throughout the 1960s. They co-founded Avco Records in 1969. In 1971 Roulette took over the catalog of Jubilee Records. History During the late 1950s, Roulette scored hits by Buddy Knox, Jimmy Bowen, The Playmates, Jimmie Rodgers, Ronnie Hawkins, The Delicates, and Frankie Lymon as well as releasi ...
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Side Project
In popular music, a side project is a project undertaken by one or more people already known for their involvement in another band. It can also be an artist or a band temporarily switching to a different style. Usually these projects emphasize a different aspect of that person's or that band's musical interests that they feel they cannot explore within the boundaries established by their main project. Side projects can later become full-time endeavours, but should not be confused with quitting a band for a solo career or another band. Peter Hartlaub of ''San Francisco Chronicle'' called the solo side project "the biggest longshot bet in mainstream music". ''The New York Times'' described the side project as "a break from the other band members, a chance to toy with different genres and recording methods, a fling with no long-term commitment". There can be aesthetic reasons to pursue side projects, and side projects can have the benefit of protecting indie credibility. Overview ...
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Cover Band
A cover band (or covers band) is a band that plays songs recorded by someone else, sometimes mimicking the original as accurately as possible, and sometimes re-interpreting or changing the original. These remade songs are known as cover songs. New or unknown bands often find the format marketable for smaller venues, such as pubs, clubs or parks. The bands also perform at private events, for example, weddings and birthday parties, and may be known as a wedding band, party band, function band or band-for-hire. A band whose covers consist mainly of songs that were chart hits is often called a top 40 band. Some bands, however, start as cover bands, then grow to perform original material. For example, the Rolling Stones released three albums consisting primarily of covers and then recorded one with their own original material. Cover bands play several types of venues. When a band is starting out, they might play private parties and fundraisers, often for little or no money, or in ret ...
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Howard Greenfield
Howard Greenfield (March 15, 1936 – March 4, 1986) was an American lyricist and songwriter, who for several years in the 1960s worked out of the famous Brill Building. He is best known for his successful songwriting collaborations, including one with Neil Sedaka from the late 1950s to the mid-1970s, and near-simultaneous (and equally successful) songwriting partnerships with Jack Keller and Helen Miller throughout most of the 1960s. Songs Greenfield co-wrote four songs that reached #1 on the US ''Billboard'' charts: " Breaking Up Is Hard to Do", as recorded by Sedaka; " Everybody's Somebody's Fool" and " My Heart Has a Mind of Its Own", both as recorded by Connie Francis, and " Love Will Keep Us Together", as recorded by Captain & Tennille. He also co-wrote numerous other top 10 hits for Sedaka (including " Oh! Carol", "Stairway to Heaven", " Calendar Girl", " Little Devil", " Happy Birthday Sweet Sixteen", and " Next Door to an Angel"); Francis (including the "Theme to '' ...
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Recording Session
A studio recording, or a recording session is any recording made in a studio, as opposed to a live recording, which is usually made in a concert venue or a theatre, with an audience attending the performance. Studio cast recordings In the case of Broadway musicals, the term studio cast recording applies to a recording of the show which does not feature the cast of either a stage production or film version of the show. The practice has existed since before the advent of Broadway cast albums in 1943. That year the songs from Rodgers and Hammerstein's ''Oklahoma!'', performed by the show's cast, were released on a multi-record 78-RPM album by American Decca. (London original cast albums have existed since the early days of recording, however, and there are recordings in existence of excerpts from the Gilbert and Sullivan operas and such shows as '' The Desert Song'', '' Sunny'', and ''Show Boat'', all performed by their original London stage casts.) History Before 1943, musicals ...
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Abraham Lincoln High School (Brooklyn)
Abraham Lincoln High School is a Public school (government funded), public high school located at 2800 Ocean Parkway (Brooklyn), Ocean Parkway, Brooklyn, New York under the jurisdiction of the New York City Department of Education. The school was built in 1929, and since graduated four Nobel Prize laureates. The current principal is Ari A. Hoogenboom. It was built during the Great Depression, and to save money, one set of blueprints was used for Lincoln and other high schools in New York City, including Bayside High School (New York City), Bayside High School, Samuel J. Tilden High School, John Adams High School (New York City), John Adams High School, and Grover Cleveland High School (New York City), Grover Cleveland High School. The school features five gymnasiums, an outdoor American football, football and track and field, a swimming pool, a photography studio, an animal science Laboratory, lab, an office classroom and an auditorium. History The school was established in 1 ...
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