|
Terror Attacks
The following is a list of terrorist incidents that were not carried out by a state or its forces (see state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism). Assassinations are presented in List of assassinations and unsuccessful attempts at List of people who survived assassination attempts and List of heads of state and government who survived assassination attempts. Definitions of terrorism vary, so incidents listed here are restricted to those that are notable and described as "terrorism" by a consensus of reliable sources. Scholars dispute what might be called terrorism in earlier periods. The modern sense of terrorism emerged in the mid-19th century. 1800–1899 1900–1929 1930–1949 1950–1969 1970–present * List of terrorist incidents in 1970 * List of terrorist incidents in 1971 * List of terrorist incidents in 1972 * List of terrorist incidents in 1973 * List of terrorist incidents in 1974 * List of terrorist incidents in 1975 * List of terro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State (polity)
A state is a politics, political entity that regulates society and the population within a definite territory. Government is considered to form the fundamental apparatus of contemporary states. A country often has a single state, with various administrative divisions. A state may be a unitary state or some type of federation, federal union; in the latter type, the term "state" is sometimes used to refer to the federated state, federated polities that make up the federation, and they may have some of the attributes of a sovereign state, except being under their federation and without the same capacity to act internationally. (Other terms that are used in such federal systems may include "province", "Region#Administrative regions, region" or other terms.) For most of prehistory, people lived in stateless societies. The earliest forms of states arose about 5,500 years ago. Over time societies became more Social stratification, stratified and developed institutions leading to Centra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fenian Dynamite Campaign
The Fenian dynamite campaign (also known as the Fenian bombing campaign) was a campaign of political violence orchestrated by Irish republican paramilitary groups in Great Britain from 1881 to 1885. It involved attacks using explosives such as dynamite on British government and civilian targets and was carried out by the Irish Republican Brotherhood, United Irishmen of America and Clan na Gael with the ultimate aim of ending British rule in Ireland. Infrastructure was attacked along with government (including military and police) targets as part of the campaign, which killed 4 people, including a young boy, and wounded 86. The campaign met with widespread backlash in Britain and a mixed response in Ireland, and led to the establishment of the Special Irish Branch by the Metropolitan Police to counter the campaign. By 1885, the campaign petered out, though Irish republicans would continue to carry out attacks in Great Britain well into the 20th century. Timeline of the campa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Simon (anarchist)
Charles Simon, nicknamed Biscuit (Cookie) or Ravachol II, (11 May 1873 in Saint-Jean-le-Blanc21 or 22 October 1894 at the penal colony of Cayenne) was an anarchist militant and illegalist terrorist, best known for helping to inaugurate the Era of Attacks (1892–1894) alongside Ravachol, Soubère and Jas-Béala by participating in the Saint-Germain bombing. He was killed by the police during the 1894 anarchist convict revolt at the age of 21. Biography Charles Achille Simon was born in Saint-Jean-le-Blanc on 11 May 1873. He worked as an apprentice glassmaker. At an unspecified date, he served two months in prison for stealing a sheet of zinc from his employer. Simon met Ravachol in Paris around 1890–1891. Simon, nicknamed Biscuit (Cookie), was introduced to him by the Chaumertin couple, with whom Ravachol was residing. They told Ravachol that Simon, then 18 years old, was a militant supporter of propaganda of the deed and that he 'knew the capital like the back of his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ravachol
François Claudius Ravachol (; born Koenigstein; 14 October 1859 – 11 July 1892) was a French illegalist anarchist mainly known for his terrorist activism, impact, the myths developed around his figure and his influence on the anarchist movement in France. Born in 1859 in Saint-Chamond, in the Saint-Étienne area, Ravachol grew up in poverty and domestic violence. Later, he began a life of crime marked by the murder and robbery of a rich hermit. In this city, Ravachol gradually adopted anarchist ideas and met other activists, such as Rosalie Soubère and Joseph Jas-Béala. He managed to escape from arrest and with these two accomplices, the militant moved to Paris in 1891. There, joined by the young anarchist militant Charles Simon, they carried out the Saint-Germain and Clichy bombings (1892), targeting the judge and prosecutor responsible for the judicial persecution of anarchists arrested during the Clichy Affair (1891). Quickly arrested after the second attack, he s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Germain Bombing
The Saint-Germain bombing was a bomb attack carried out on 11 March 1892 in Boulevard Saint-Germain, Paris, by anarchist militants Ravachol, Rosalie Soubère, Joseph Jas-Béala, and Charles Simon. The attack was seen as an act of retribution against Edmond Benoît, the judge presiding over the trial of the accused in the Clichy affair, where three anarchist demonstrators were captured by the police, beaten with sabres, deprived of medical care and water for some time before being judged harshly by Benoît. After stealing a significant shipment of dynamite, Simon and Ravachol built the bomb together before the four set out for the judge's residence. Soubère carried the bomb under her skirts before handing it to Ravachol, who placed it. It exploded but failed to kill its target, causing no deaths and one injury. The operation was a strategical failure: the conspirators missed their target, the police were searching for them, and although they failed to prevent the Clichy bom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ère Des Attentats
The (), or the French anarchist campaign of attacks from 1892 to 1894, was a period in the history of France and the broader Propaganda of the deed, history of propaganda of the deed (1880–1914), marked by a significant wave of political violence—both from the French authorities and Anarchism, anarchist terrorists. Its chronological boundaries extend from the Saint-Germain bombing (11 March 1892) to the Revolt of Saint-Joseph, massacre of the anarchist convicts (22 October 1894). During this period, the French press largely shaped political discourse and public opinion, presenting these acts as interconnected events forming a progressive logic rather than isolated incidents. In response to the significant repression anarchists had suffered in France since the Paris Commune (1871), a number of them came to consider terrorism as a legitimate means of avenging this repression, targeting symbols of power, state institutions, and emblematic places of bourgeois life. During the fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlantic, North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and List of islands of France, many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean, giving it Exclusive economic zone of France, one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. Metropolitan France shares borders with Belgium and Luxembourg to the north; Germany to the northeast; Switzerland to the east; Italy and Monaco to the southeast; Andorra and Spain to the south; and a maritime border with the United Kingdom to the northwest. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea. Its Regions of France, eighteen integral regions—five of which are overseas—span a combined area of and hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, fourth-most populous city in the European Union and the List of cities proper by population density, 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, culture, Fashion capital, fashion, and gastronomy. Because of its leading role in the French art, arts and Science and technology in France, sciences and its early adoption of extensive street lighting, Paris became known as the City of Light in the 19th century. The City of Paris is the centre of the ÃŽle-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 inhabitants in January 2023, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Of Organized Trades And Labor Unions
The Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions of the United States and Canada (FOTLU) was a federation of labor unions created on November 15, 1881, at Turner Hall in Pittsburgh. It changed its name to the American Federation of Labor (AFL) on December 8, 1886. Forces influencing the formation of FOTLU During the Long Depression of 1873-1878, the Knights of Labor emerged as a potent force for workers in the United States. Many in the American labor movement, such as Samuel Gompers, sought to implement a 'New Unionism' program which would free unions from political affiliation and limit their goals to the day-to-day concerns of working people. Following a failed 107-day cigar-makers' strike in 1877, Gompers assisted President Adolph Strasser in radically restructuring the Cigar Makers' International Union (CMIU) in 1879. Henceforth, the union would be run like a business. The international union would have the authority to take control of local affiliates. Dues would be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Illinois
Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its south. Of the fifty U.S. states, Illinois has the List of U.S. states and territories by GDP, fifth-largest gross domestic product (GDP), the List of U.S. states and territories by population, sixth-largest population, and the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 25th-most land area. Its capital city is Springfield, Illinois, Springfield in the center of the state, and the state's largest city is Chicago in the northeast. Present-day Illinois was inhabited by Indigenous peoples of the Americas#History, Indigenous cultures for thousands of years. The French were the first Europeans to arrive, settling near the Mississippi and Illinois River, Illinois rivers in the 17th century Illinois Country, as part of their sprawling colony of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haymarket Historic District
''For other Haymarket districts see Haymarket District (other)'' The Haymarket Historic District is a primarily commercial historic area in Kalamazoo, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 27, 1983. The area includes Michigan Avenue between Portage St. and the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad line; also 105-141 E. Michigan Avenue. It covers 55 acres and includes 22 buildings. The district's boundaries were increased on May 2, 2011. History Early commercial development in Kalamazoo was along the Michigan Avenue corridor, just west of the Haymarket Historic District. In 1867, the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway constructed a rail line to the east of the commercial district, followed in 1870 by another line built by the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad, which crossed Michigan nearby. The opportunities of the railroad spurred commercial growth farther to the east, into the Haymarket area. This area developed rapidly, with buil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haymarket Affair
The Haymarket affair, also known as the Haymarket massacre, the Haymarket riot, the Haymarket Square riot, or the Haymarket Incident, was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4, 1886 at Haymarket Square (Chicago), Haymarket Square in Chicago, Illinois. The rally began peacefully in support of workers striking for an eight-hour day, eight-hour work day; it was held the day after a May 3 rally at a McCormick Harvesting Machine Company plant on the West Side, Chicago, West Side of Chicago, during which two demonstrators had been killed and many demonstrators and police had been injured. At the Haymarket Square rally on May 4, an unknown person threw a dynamite bomb at the police as they acted to disperse the meeting, and the bomb blast and ensuing retaliatory gunfire by the police caused the deaths of seven police officers and at least four civilians; dozens of others were wounded. Eight anarchists were charged with the bombing. They were conv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
