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Sleepy Cod
The sleepy cod (''Oxyeleotris lineolata'') is a medium-sized fish in the family Butidae, native to tropical fresh waters of northern Australia and questionably from New Guinea. It is a member of the order Perciformes, thus is unrelated to the true cods in the order Gadiformes. Neither are they closely related to the Australian freshwater cods such as the Murray cod of the genus '' Maccullochella''. They are one of the most favoured freshwater fish in Australia for eating, having white, flaky flesh, low fat content, and a mild flavour. Morphology and biology The sleepy cod can reach a length of , though most do not exceed . Fish up to have been caught by anglers. They are dark brown along the back and paler on the sides, with fuzzy dark lines running along scale rows. Juveniles have a white or cream patch running along the back and top of the head, with brown sides and a white belly. Females spawn in the benthic zone The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Steindachner
Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner described hundreds of new species of fish and dozens of new amphibians and reptiles. At least seven species of reptile have been named after him. Work and career Being interested in natural history, Steindachner took up the study of fossil fishes on the recommendation of his friend Eduard Suess (1831–1914). In 1860 he was appointed to the position of director of the fish collection at the Natural History Museum, Vienna, a position which had remained vacant since the death of Johann Jakob Heckel (1790–1857). (in German). Steindachner's reputation as an ichthyologist grew, and in 1868 he was invited by Louis Agassiz (1807–1873) to accept a position at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. Steindachner took part i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Butidae
Butidae is a family of sleeper gobies in the order Gobiiformes. The family was formerly classified as a subfamily of the Eleotridae but the 5th Edition of ''Fishes of the World'' classifies it as a family in its own right. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have demonstrated that the Butidae are a sister clade to the clade containing the families Gobiidae and Gobionellidae and that the Eleotridae is a sister to both of these clades. This means that the Eloetridae as formerly classified was paraphyletic and that its subfamilies should be raised to the status of families. The species in the Butidae are largely restricted to tropical and sub-tropical waters of Africa, Asia, Australia, and Oceania. They are especially diverse in New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand where they can be important components of brackish and freshwater ecosystems. They are mostly quite small species but the marbled goby (''Oxyeleotris marmorata'') is a freshwater species of Buitdae from Southeast Asia that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropical
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the equator, where the sun may shine directly overhead. This contrasts with the temperate or polar regions of Earth, where the Sun can never be directly overhead. This is because of Earth's axial tilt; the width of the tropics (in latitude) is twice the tilt. The tropics are also referred to as the tropical zone and the torrid zone (see geographical zone). Due to the overhead sun, the tropics receive the most solar energy over the course of the year, and consequently have the highest temperatures on the planet. Even when not directly overhead, the sun is still close to overhead throughout the year, therefore the tropics also have the lowest seasonal variation on the planet; "winter" and "summer" lose their temperature contrast. Instead, seasons are more commonly divided by precipitation variations than by temperature variations. The tropics maintain wide diversity of local climates, such as rain forests, monsoons, sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller islands. It has a total area of , making it the list of countries and dependencies by area, sixth-largest country in the world and the largest in Oceania. Australia is the world's flattest and driest inhabited continent. It is a megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and Climate of Australia, climates including deserts of Australia, deserts in the Outback, interior and forests of Australia, tropical rainforests along the Eastern states of Australia, coast. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south-east Asia 50,000 to 65,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Period, last glacial period. By the time of British settlement, Aboriginal Australians spoke 250 distinct l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Mainland Australia, Australia by the wide Torres Strait, though both landmasses lie on the same continental shelf, and were united during episodes of low sea level in the Pleistocene glaciations as the combined landmass of Sahul. Numerous smaller islands are located to the west and east. The island's name was given by Spanish explorer Yñigo Ortiz de Retez during his maritime expedition of 1545 due to the perceived resemblance of the indigenous peoples of the island to those in the Guinea (region), African region of Guinea. The eastern half of the island is the major land mass of the nation of Papua New Guinea. The western half, known as Western New Guinea, forms a part of Indonesia and is organized as the provinces of Pap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perciformes
Perciformes (), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. ''Perciformes'' means " perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perches and darters ( Percidae), and also sea basses and groupers (Serranidae). This order contains many familiar freshwater temperate and tropical marine fish groups, but also extremophiles that have successfully colonized both the North and South Poles, as well as the deepest depths of the ocean. Taxonomy Formerly, this group was thought to be even more diverse than it is thought to be now, containing about 41% of all bony fish (about 10,000 species) and about 160 families, which is the most of any order within the vertebrates. However, many of these other families have since been reclassified within their own orders within the clade Percomorpha, significantly reducing the size of the group. In contrast to this splitting, other groups formerly considered distinct, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gadiformes
Gadiformes , also called the Anacanthini, are an order of ray-finned fish that include the cod, hakes, pollock, haddock, burbot, rocklings and moras, many of which are food fish of major commercial value. They are mostly marine fish found throughout the world and the vast majority are found in temperate or colder regions (tropical species are typically deep-water) while a few species may enter brackish estuaries. Pacific tomcods, one of the two species that makes up the genus ''Microgadus'', are able to enter freshwater, but there is no evidence that they breed there. Some populations of landlocked Atlantic tomcod on the other hand, complete their entire life cycle in freshwater. Yet only one species, the burbot (''Lota lota''), is a true freshwater fish. Common characteristics include the positioning of the pelvic fins (if present), below or in front of the pectoral fins. Gadiformes are physoclists, which means their swim bladders do not have a pneumatic duct. The fins ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murray Cod
The Murray cod (''Maccullochella peelii'') is a large Australian predatory freshwater fish of the genus '' Maccullochella'' in the family Percichthyidae.Dianne J. Bray & Vanessa J. Thompson (2011Murray Cod, Maccullochella peelii Fishes of Australia. Retrieved 29 August 2014 Although the species is called a cod in the vernacular, it is not related to the Northern Hemisphere marine cod ('' Gadus'') species. The Murray cod is an important part of Australia's vertebrate wildlife— as an apex predator in the Murray-Darling River system—and also significant in Australia's human culture. The Murray cod is the largest exclusively freshwater fish in Australia, and one of the largest in the world. Other common names for Murray cod include cod, greenfish, goodoo, Mary River cod, Murray perch, ponde, pondi and Queensland freshwater cod. The scientific name of Murray cod derives from an early Australian fish researcher Allan Riverstone McCulloch and the river from which the explorer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maccullochella
''Maccullochella'' is a genus of large Australian predatory freshwater fish within the family Percichthyidae. The genus ''Maccullochella'' was named after an early Australian fish researcher with the surname ''McCulloch''. The ''Maccullochella'' species are called 'cod' in the vernacular. At the time of European settlement of Australia, members of the genus ''Maccullochella'' dominated the Murray-Darling river system (Murray cod, ''M. peelii'', and trout cod, ''M. macquariensis'') and 4 East Coast river systems (eastern freshwater cod, ''M. ikei'', of the Clarence and Richmond Rivers, Brisbane River cod, ''Maccullochella'' sp., and Mary River cod, ''M. mariensis''). As large, long-lived, top-order predators with delayed sexual maturity and relatively low fecundity (fertility) ''Maccullochella'' species are extremely vulnerable to overfishing, siltation and other forms of habitat degradation, and river regulation by dams and weirs that alter river environments and negatively affe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benthic Zone
The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean, lake, or stream, including the sediment surface and some sub-surface layers. The name comes from the Ancient Greek word (), meaning "the depths". Organisms living in this zone are called benthos and include microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and Fungus, fungi) as well as larger invertebrates, such as crustaceans and polychaetes. Organisms here, known as bottom dwellers, generally live in close relationship with the substrate and many are permanently attached to the bottom. The benthic boundary layer, which includes the bottom layer of water and the uppermost layer of sediment directly influenced by the overlying water, is an integral part of the benthic zone, as it greatly influences the biological activity that takes place there. Examples of contact soil layers include sand bottoms, rocky outcrops, coral, and bay mud. Description Oceans The benthic region of the ocean begins at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Billabong
In Australian English, a billabong ( ) is a small body of water, usually permanent. It is usually an oxbow lake caused by a change in course of a river or creek, but other types of small lakes, ponds or waterholes are also called billabongs. The term is likely borrowed from Wiradjuri, an Aboriginal Australian language of New South Wales. Etymology The word ''billabong'' is most likely derived from the Wiradjuri language of southern New South Wales, which "describes a pond or pool of water that is left behind when a river alters course or after floodwaters recede". According to the '' Macquarie Dictionary'' (2005), the original term ''bilabaŋ'' means "a watercourse that runs only after rain", with ''bila'' meaning "river", and possibly combined with ''bong'' or ''bung'', meaning "dead". The attribution of this last part of the word was contested in 2004 by Frederick Ludowyk of the Australian National Dictionary Centre, whose view was that that "-bong" or "-bang" was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxyeleotris
''Oxyeleotris'' is a genus of sleeper gobies mostly restricted to Australia and New Guinea, though some (''O. marmorata'', ''O. siamensis'', ''O. urophthalmoides'' and ''O. urophthalmus'') are found in Southeast Asia. They are found in a wide range of fresh and brackish water habitats, and the two species ''O. caeca'' and ''O. colasi'' are cave-dwellers. Species There 17 recognized species in this genus are: * '' Oxyeleotris altipinna'' G. R. Allen & Renyaan, 1996 * '' Oxyeleotris aruensis'' ( M. C. W. Weber, 1911) (Aru gudgeon) * '' Oxyeleotris caeca'' G. R. Allen, 1996 * '' Oxyeleotris colasi'' Pouyaud, Kadarusman, Hadiaty, Slembrouck, Lemauk, Kusumah & Keith, 2013Pouyaud, L., Kadarusman, Hadiaty, R.K., Slembrouck, J., Lemauk, N., Kusumah, R.V. & Keith, P. (2013): ''Oxyeleotris colasi'' (Teleostei: Eleotridae), a new blind cave fish from Lengguru in West Papua, Indonesia. ''Cybium, 36 (4): 521-529.'' * '' Oxyeleotris fimbriata'' (M. C. W. Weber, 1907) (fimbriate gudg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
