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Sarmentosin
Sarmentosin is a glycoside and that is found in several plant species, notably ''Ribes nigrum'' (blackcurrants) and '' Sedum sarmentosum''. Chemical structure Sarmentosin has a molecular formula of C11H17NO7 and a molecular weight of 275.25 g/mol. Its IUPAC name is (E)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4- 2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-ylxybut-2-enenitrile. Sources Sarmentosin can be extracted from plants in the ''Rhodiola'' genus and blackcurrants. Recent studies have specifically identified sarmentosin as a key bioactive compound in blackcurrants that contributes to its monoamine oxidase inhibitory effects. Ecology At least two ''Parnassius'' butterflies, ''Parnassius apollo'' and ''Parnassius smintheus'', sequester sarmentosin and other hydroxynitrile glucosides in their bodies from the ''Sedum ''Sedum'' is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Crassulaceae, members of which are commonly known as stonecrops. The genus has been described as contain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parnassius Smintheus
''Parnassius smintheus'', the Rocky Mountain parnassianJim P. Brock and K. Kaufman. Kaufman Field Guide to Butterflies of North America, New York, NY:Houghton Mifflin, 2003. or Rocky Mountain apollo, is a high-altitude butterfly found in the Rocky Mountains throughout the United States and Canada. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (''Parnassius'') of the swallowtail family (''Papilionidae''). The butterfly ranges in color from white to pale yellow-brown, with red and black markings that indicate to predators it is unpalatable. ''Parnassius smintheus'' primarily feeds on the leaves of the '' Sedum lanceolatum'' plant as larvae and on its nectar as adults. The butterfly tends to reside in meadows and avoids forests, because it strongly prefers light. The males of this species fly from meadow to meadow frequently to find females and food resources, whereas females are more likely to avoid flying. The males seem to have mate choice in this species, as they emerge from the pupae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycoside
In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides play numerous important roles in living organisms. Many plants store chemicals in the form of inactive glycosides. These can be activated by enzymatic, enzyme hydrolysis, which causes the sugar part to be broken off, making the chemical available for use. Many such plant glycosides are used as medications. Several species of ''Heliconius'' butterfly are capable of incorporating these plant compounds as a form of chemical defense against predators. In animals and humans, poisons are often bound to sugar molecules as part of their elimination from the body. In formal terms, a glycoside is any molecule in which a sugar group is bonded through its anomeric carbon to another group via a glycosidic bond. Glycosides can be linked by an O- (an ''O-glycoside''), N- (a ''glycosylamine''), S-(a ''thioglycoside''), or C- (a ''C-glycoside'') glycosidic bond. Accord ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ribes Nigrum
The blackcurrant (''Ribes nigrum''), also known as black currant or cassis, is a deciduous shrub in the family Grossulariaceae grown for its edible berry, berries. It is native species, native to temperate climate, temperate parts of central and northern Europe and northern Asia, where it prefers damp fertile soils. It is widely cultivated both commercially and domestically. It is winter hardy, but cold weather at flowering time during the spring may reduce the size of the crop. Bunches of small, glossy black fruit develop along the stems in the summer and can be harvested by hand or by machine. The raw fruit is particularly rich in vitamin C and polyphenols. Blackcurrants can be eaten raw but are usually cooked in sweet or savoury dishes. They are used to make jams, Fruit preserves, preserves, and syrups and are grown commercially for the juice market. The fruit is also used to make alcoholic beverages and dyes. Description ''Ribes nigrum'' is a medium-sized shrub, growing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sedum Sarmentosum
''Sedum sarmentosum'', known as stringy stonecrop, gold moss stonecrop, and graveyard moss, is a perennial flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae native to East Asia (China and Korea) and Southeast Asia (Thailand). It has been introduced in at least eastern North America, and Europe. Description ''Sedum sarmentosum'' has succulent, evergreen leaves atop arching, low-lying stems. Yellow flowers with five petals arise on inflorescences during the summer. Cultivation ''Sedum sarmentosum'' is cultivated as a perennial groundcover in temperate climates. Like most succulents, it is tolerant of drought and full sun conditions. It was commonly planted at graves, where it may persist for decades. In China, it is often cultivated as a trailing plant, hence the name ''chuípéncǎo'' () which means "herb that trails down the flowerpot". Culinary use In Korea, the plant is called ''dolnamul'' () and is eaten fresh as a ''namul'' vegetable. The spicy, sweet, and tangy sauce typically se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
