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Saikei
is the Japanese art of creating tray landscapes that combine miniature living trees with soil, rocks, water, and related vegetation (like ground cover) in a single tray or similar container. A ''saikei'' landscape is meant to evoke a natural location through its overall topography, choice of ground materials, and the plant species used. ''Saikei'' is a descendant of the similar Japanese arts of bonsai, ''bonseki'', and ''bonkei'', and it is related less directly to similar miniature-landscape arts such as the Chinese ''penjing'' and the Vietnamese Hòn Non Bộ, ''hòn non bộ''. ''Saikei'' differs from related Japanese art forms in some key ways, concentrating on the evocation of a natural living landscape rather than on the character of individual trees. Mixed vegetation, including grasses and small flowering plants, make the ''saikei'' a more complex living image than the more ascetic-looking bonsai. As a result, the shape of the ground is very important in a ''saikei'' displ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonkei
A ''bonkei'' ( 盆景, Japanese for "tray landscape") is a temporary or permanent three-dimensional depiction of a landscape in miniature, portrayed using mainly dry materials like rock, ''papier-mâché'' or cement mixtures, and sand in a shallow tray. A ''bonkei'' contains no living material, in contrast with related Japanese art forms ''bonsai'' and '' saikei'': ''bonsai'' contain living trees, and ''saikei'' contain living trees and other vegetation. Description Its three-dimensional character and permanence distinguish ''bonkei'' from '' bonseki'', which is a Japanese form of sand-painting that produces mostly-flat images on a display tray, usually for transient viewing before being erased for a new creation. Although ''bonkei'' materials are usually dry, flowing water and seasides are often depicted, with varying colors of gravel or sand making up the land and the water elements. A ''bonkei'' may also contain miniature figures of people, animals, buildings, bridges, and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penjing
''Penjing'', also known as ''penzai'', is the ancient Chinese art of depicting artistically formed trees, other plants, and landscapes in miniature. Penjing generally fall into one of three categories: * Shumu penjing (樹木盆景): Tree penjing that focuses on the depiction of one or more trees and optionally other plants in a container, with the composition's dominant elements shaped by the creator through trimming, pruning, and wiring. * Shanshui penjing (山水盆景): Landscape penjing that depicts a miniature landscape by carefully selecting and shaping rocks, which are usually placed in a container in contact with water. Small live plants are placed within the composition to complete the depiction. * Shuihan penjing (水旱盆景): A water and land penjing style that effectively combines the first two, including miniature trees and optionally miniature figures and structures to portray a landscape in detail. Chinese cultural hegemony gave the practice influence over othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonsai
Bonsai (; , ) is the Japanese art of Horticulture, growing and shaping miniature trees in containers, with a long documented history of influences and native Japanese development over a thousand years, and with unique aesthetics, cultural history, and terminology derived from its evolution in Japan. Similar arts exist in other cultures, including Korea's ''bunjae'', the Chinese art of ''penjing'', and the miniature living landscapes of Vietnamese . The loanword ''bonsai'' has become an Hyponymy and hypernymy, umbrella term in English, attached to many forms of diminutive potted plants, and also on occasion to other living and non-living things. According to Stephen Orr in ''The New York Times'', "[i]n the West, the word is used to describe virtually all miniature container trees, whether they are authentically trained bonsai or just small rooted cuttings. Technically, though, the term should be reserved for plants that are grown in shallow containers following the precise tenet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penjing
''Penjing'', also known as ''penzai'', is the ancient Chinese art of depicting artistically formed trees, other plants, and landscapes in miniature. Penjing generally fall into one of three categories: * Shumu penjing (樹木盆景): Tree penjing that focuses on the depiction of one or more trees and optionally other plants in a container, with the composition's dominant elements shaped by the creator through trimming, pruning, and wiring. * Shanshui penjing (山水盆景): Landscape penjing that depicts a miniature landscape by carefully selecting and shaping rocks, which are usually placed in a container in contact with water. Small live plants are placed within the composition to complete the depiction. * Shuihan penjing (水旱盆景): A water and land penjing style that effectively combines the first two, including miniature trees and optionally miniature figures and structures to portray a landscape in detail. Chinese cultural hegemony gave the practice influence over othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hòn Non Bộ
''Hòn non bộ'' (chữ Nôm: 𡉕𡽫部) is the Vietnamese art of making miniature landscapes, imitating the scenery of the islands, mountains and surrounding environment as found in nature. It is a particular local development of the Chinese art of ''penzai'', as was ''bonsai'' in Japan. The phrase ''Hòn non bộ'' comes from the Vietnamese language: ''Hòn'' (𡉕) means islands, ''non'' (𡽫) means mountains, and ''bộ'' 部 means a set, in this context, the islands and the mountains are one set. ''Hòn non bộ'' may be quite large and elaborate or small and simple. It was used to grace the courtyard entrance of the traditional Vietnamese home. Throughout Vietnamese history, ''Hòn non bộ'' have been built for emperors, generals, and other important people as monuments, decorations, personal vistas, and as cultural icons. __TOC__ History Miniature landscape art was first recorded after Ngô dynasty, Vietnamese independence in the year 939. A version of this was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonsai Cultivation And Care
Bonsai cultivation and care involves the long-term cultivation of small trees in containers, called ''bonsai'' in the Japanese tradition of this art form. Similar practices exist in other Japanese art forms and in other cultures, including ''saikei'' (Japanese), ''penjing'' (Chinese), and Hòn Non Bộ, ''hòn non bộ'' (Vietnamese). Trees are difficult to cultivate in containers, which restrict root growth, nutrition uptake, and resources for transpiration (primarily soil moisture). In addition to the root constraints of containers, bonsai trunks, branches, and foliage are extensively shaped and manipulated to meet Bonsai aesthetics, aesthetic goals. Specialized tools and techniques are used to protect the health and vigor of the subject tree. Over time, the artistic manipulation of small trees in containers has led to a number of cultivation and care approaches that successfully meet the practical and the artistic requirements of bonsai and similar traditions. The term ''bonsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonsai
Bonsai (; , ) is the Japanese art of Horticulture, growing and shaping miniature trees in containers, with a long documented history of influences and native Japanese development over a thousand years, and with unique aesthetics, cultural history, and terminology derived from its evolution in Japan. Similar arts exist in other cultures, including Korea's ''bunjae'', the Chinese art of ''penjing'', and the miniature living landscapes of Vietnamese . The loanword ''bonsai'' has become an Hyponymy and hypernymy, umbrella term in English, attached to many forms of diminutive potted plants, and also on occasion to other living and non-living things. According to Stephen Orr in ''The New York Times'', "[i]n the West, the word is used to describe virtually all miniature container trees, whether they are authentically trained bonsai or just small rooted cuttings. Technically, though, the term should be reserved for plants that are grown in shallow containers following the precise tenet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penjing Img 2257
''Penjing'', also known as ''penzai'', is the ancient Chinese art of depicting artistically formed trees, other plants, and landscapes in miniature. Penjing generally fall into one of three categories: * Shumu penjing (樹木盆景): Tree penjing that focuses on the depiction of one or more trees and optionally other plants in a container, with the composition's dominant elements shaped by the creator through trimming, pruning, and wiring. * Shanshui penjing (山水盆景): Landscape penjing that depicts a miniature landscape by carefully selecting and shaping rocks, which are usually placed in a container in contact with water. Small live plants are placed within the composition to complete the depiction. * Shuihan penjing (水旱盆景): A water and land penjing style that effectively combines the first two, including miniature trees and optionally miniature figures and structures to portray a landscape in detail. Chinese cultural hegemony gave the practice influence over othe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
:Category:Japanese Words And Phrases ...
{{Commons Words and phrases by language Words Words Words A word is a basic element of language that carries meaning, can be used on its own, and is uninterruptible. Despite the fact that language speakers often have an intuitive grasp of what a word is, there is no consensus among linguists on its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wabi-sabi
In traditional Japanese aesthetics, centers on the acceptance of transience and imperfection. It is often described as the appreciation of beauty that is "imperfect, impermanent, and incomplete". It is prevalent in many forms of Japanese art. combines two interrelated concepts: and . According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, may be translated as "subdued, austere beauty", and as "rustic patina". derives from the Buddhist teaching of the , which include , , and . Characteristics of aesthetics and principles include asymmetry, roughness, simplicity, economy, austerity, modesty, intimacy, and the appreciation of both natural objects and the forces of nature. Description has been described as "the most conspicuous and characteristic feature of what we think of as traditional Japanese beauty. It occupies roughly the same position in the Japanese pantheon of aesthetic values as do the Greek ideals of beauty and perfection in the West." Andrew Juniper writes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bonseki
''Bonseki'' (, "tray rocks") is the ancient Japanese art of creating miniature landscapes on black trays using white sand, pebbles, and small rocks. Small delicate tools are used in Bonseki such as feathers, small flax brooms, sifters, spoons and wood wedges. The trays are either oval or rectangular, measuring about 60 by 35 centimeters in size. Oval trays have a low rim while rectangular ones are flat. Bonseki scenes often depict mountains, seashores, and gardens. Small stones are used to represent mountains, shore lines or rocky islands that waves break upon. Miniature structures, usually of painted copper, are sometimes added to the work to make houses, temples, bridges, and the like. Bonseki scenes by design are generally meant to only be temporary. Sometimes, by using special methods, a Bonseki scene can be preserved. This is called either ''bonga'' ("tray picture") or ''suna-e'' ("sand picture"). History The origins of Bonseki are unclear but it is believed Emperor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
