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Rostral Bone
Ceratopsia or Ceratopia ( or ; Ancient Greek, Greek: "horned faces") is a group of herbivore, herbivorous, beaked dinosaurs that thrived in what are now North America, Asia and Europe, during the Cretaceous Period (geology), Period, although ancestral forms lived earlier, in the Late Jurassic of Asia. The earliest known ceratopsian, ''Yinlong downsi'', lived between 161.2 and 155.7 million years ago.Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2011) ''Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages,'Winter 2010 Appendix./ref> The last ceratopsian species, ''Triceratops prorsus'', became extinct during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, . ''Triceratops'' is by far the best-known ceratopsian to the general public. It is traditional for ceratopsian genus names to end in "''-ceratops''", although this is not always the case. One of the first named genera was ''Ceratops'' itself, which lent its name to the group, although it is considered a ''nomen dubium'' tod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third Epoch (geology), epoch of the Jurassic Period, and it spans the geologic time scale, geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.8 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic stratum, strata.Owen 1987. In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, ''Malm'' was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units. Subdivisions The Late Jurassic is divided into three ages, which correspond with the three (faunal) stages of Upper Jurassic rock: Paleogeography During the Late Jurassic Epoch, Pangaea broke up into two supercontinents, Laurasia to the north, and Gondwana to the south. The result of this break-up was the emergence of the Atlantic Ocean, which initially was relatively narrow. Life forms This epoch is well known for many famous types of d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kulceratops
''Kulceratops'' is a genus of ceratopsian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous. It lived in the late Albian stage. It is one of the few ceratopsians known from this period. However, the fossils from this genus have been sparse: only jaw and tooth fragments have been found so far. Description ''Kulceratops'' was named by Lev Alexandrovich Nesov in 1995.L. A. Nessov, 1995, ''Dinozavri severnoi Yevrazii: Novye dannye o sostave kompleksov, ekologii i paleobiogeografii'', Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg pp. 1-156 The type species is ''Kulceratops kulensis''. Both the genus name and the specific name are derived from the Khodzhakul Formation, ''kul'' meaning "lake" in Uzbek. Its fossils were found in Uzbekistan, central Asia. The holotype, CCMGE No. 495/12457, was in 1914 discovered by geologist Andrei Dmitrievich Arkhangelsky. It consists of a left maxilla, of which the front end has been broken off. Class ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Craspedodon
''Craspedodon'' (meaning 'edge tooth') is an extinct genus of ornithischian dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Lonzée Member of Belgium. Only a single species, ''C. lonzeensis'', is known. Discovery and naming In 1883 Belgian paleontologist Louis Dollo described the fauna found in the Late Cretaceous of Belgium near Lonzée, naming the theropod species '' Megalosaurus lonzeensis'' and the new herbivorous dinosaur ''Craspedodon lonzeensis''. Dollo identified ''Craspedodon'' from three teeth in the collections of the Museum of Natural Sciences in Brussels, from the Lonzée Member, finding the most similarities with species of ''Iguanodon'' amongst ornithischians. The genus name is a reference to the strong ridges that cross the teeth, while the species name is a reference to the locality where it was found. Dollo specified the Lonzée Member as being middle Senonian in age, which is now understood to be Coniacian to Santonian. Since its description, ''Craspedodon'' was consid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albalophosaurus
''Albalophosaurus'' (meaning 'white crest lizard') is a genus of marginocephalian ornithischian dinosaur that lived in Japan during the Early Cretaceous. The type species is ''Albalophosaurus yamaguchiorum''. History of discovery ''Albalophosaurus'' was described in 2009 from remains found in 1997 by Yoshinori Kobayashi from the Kuwajima Formation of central Japan, outcropping in Hakusan in the Ishikawa Prefecture. The holotype, SBEI 176, consists of cranial bones from an incomplete, disarticulated skull and left lower jaw thought to belong to a single juvenile individual. The generic name is derived from Latin ''albus'', "white", and Greek λόΦος (''lophos''), "crest", a reference to the snow-covered crest of Mount Hakusan. The specific name honours Ichio Yamaguchi and Mikiko Yamaguchi, who discovered and prepared many fossils from the site. The exact age of the strata from which the remains of ''Albalophosaurus'' have been found is not known because of the lack of mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajkaceratops
''Ajkaceratops'' (pronounced "oi-ka-sera-tops") is a genus of ornithischian dinosaur described in 2010. It lived during the Late Cretaceous in the western Tethys Ocean, Tethyan archipelago, in what is now Europe. The type species, ''A. kozmai'', was originally described as a ceratopsian most closely related to forms in east Asia, from where its ancestors may have migrated by Oceanic dispersal, island-hopping. Later research however has questioned this assignment, and treats ''Ajkaceratops'' as an ornithischian of unresolved affinity. Discovery The holotype, cataloged as MTM V2009.192.1, consists only of a few skull fragments, including snout with proposed rostral bone, fused premaxillae, and maxillae fragments (beak and jaw fragments). These fossils are kept in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, in Budapest. The generic name, ''Ajkaceratops'', honors Ajka, a town in Hungary where the fossils were first discovered, combined with the given greek nomination ''ceratops'', meaning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceratopsidae
Ceratopsidae (sometimes spelled Ceratopidae) is a family of ceratopsian dinosaurs including ''Triceratops'', ''Centrosaurus'', and ''Styracosaurus''. All known species were quadrupedal herbivores from the Upper Cretaceous. All but one species are known from western North America, which formed the island continent of Laramidia during most of the Late Cretaceous. Ceratopsids are characterized by beaks, rows of shearing teeth in the back of the jaw, elaborate nasal horns, and a thin parietal-squamosal shelf that extends back and up into a frill. The group is divided into two subfamilies—Chasmosaurinae and Centrosaurinae. The chasmosaurines are generally characterized by long, triangular frills and well-developed brow horns. The centrosaurines had well-developed nasal horns or nasal bosses, shorter and more rectangular frills, and elaborate spines on the back of the frill. These horns and frills show remarkable variation and are the principal means by which the various species have be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zuniceratops
''Zuniceratops'' ('Zuni-horned face') is a genus of ceratopsian dinosaurs that lived during the Turonian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now New Mexico, United States. Only a single species is known, ''Zuniceratops christopheri''. History of discovery ''Zuniceratops'' was discovered in 1996, by eight-year-old Christopher James Wolfe, son of Paleontology, paleontologist Douglas Gerald Wolfe, Douglas G. Wolfe, in the Moreno Hill Formation in west-central New Mexico where one skull and the bones from several individuals have been found. This discovery of ''Zuniceratops'' bonebed has been suggested as one of the evidence for the claim that grouping behavior could be a Apomorphy and synapomorphy, synapomorphic trait for ceratopsians. In 2001, a bone believed to be a squamosal has since been found to be an ischium of a ''Nothronychus''. The holotype specimen, MSM P2101, is either a juvenile or a subadult, while other specimens like MSM P2101 and MSM P3812 belong to adults. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turanoceratops
''Turanoceratops'' ("Turan horned face") is a genus of herbivorous ceratopsian dinosaur from the late Cretaceous Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan. The fossils dated from the mid-late Turonian stage, roughly 90 million years ago. The skull bore a pair of long brow horns like those seen in the Ceratopsidae, although ''Turanoceratops'' appears to have been transitional between earlier ceratopsians and ceratopsids, and not a ceratopsid itself. Discovery and naming From the 1920s onwards, Soviet scientists discovered fragmentary fossils near Dzharakuduk in the district Navoi Viloyat, leading them to the conclusion that some ceratopsid must have been present. In 1988, paleontologist Lev Aleksandrovich Nesov based on these published the name ''Turanoceratops tardabilis'', but did not provide a description so that for the time being it remained a ''nomen nudum''. In 1989, Nesov, L.F. Kaznysjkina and Gennady Olegovich Cherepanov validly named the type species ''Turanoceratops tardabili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protoceratopsidae
Protoceratopsidae is a family of basal (primitive) ceratopsians from the Late Cretaceous period. Although ceratopsians have been found all over the world, protoceratopsids are only definitively known from Cretaceous strata in Asia, with most specimens found in China and Mongolia. As ceratopsians, protoceratopsids were herbivorous, with constantly replacing tooth batteries made for slicing through plants and a hooked beak for grabbing them. Protoceratopsids were small ceratopsians around in length. Their bony frill and horns were much smaller than more derived members of Ceratopsia, such as ceratopsids. Description Protoceratopsids were relatively small ceratopsians, averaging around 1-2.5 m in length from head to tail. Protoceratopsids have a frill and rostral bone characteristic of all ceratopsians. Their snout is particularly wedge-shaped with tall and narrow nostrils situated high on it. The antorbital fenestra is unusually small, and the antorbital fossa sits high on the sku ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptoceratopsidae
Leptoceratopsidae is an extinct family (biology), family of neoceratopsian dinosaurs from Asia, North America and possibly Europe. Leptoceratopsids resembled, and were closely related to, other neoceratopsians, such as the family (biology), families Protoceratopsidae and Ceratopsidae, but they were more primitive and generally smaller. Phylogeny Leptoceratopsidae was originally named by Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás in 1923 as a subfamily Leptoceratopsinae, and its type species is ''Leptoceratops gracilis''. Mackovicky, in 2001, defined it as a stem-based taxon and a family consisting of ''Leptoceratops gracilis'' and all species closer to ''Leptoceratops'' than to ''Triceratops horridus''.Makovicky, P.J. 2001. A ''Montanoceratops cerorhynchus'' (Dinosauria: Ceratopsia) braincase from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Alberta, In: Tanke, D.H. & Carpenter, K. (Eds.). ''Mesozoic Vertebrate Life''. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Pp. 243-262. All previously published neo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamaceratops
''Yamaceratops'' is a genus of primitive ceratopsian that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous period in what is now the Javkhlant Formation. Initially, the rocks where it was found in were thought to be from the Early Cretaceous, but the age was reevaluated in 2009. It was a relatively small dinosaur, reaching in length and in body mass. The type species, ''Yamaceratops dorngobiensis'', was described by P. J. Makovicky and M. A. Norell in September, 2006. The authors consider the animal to have had an intermediate phylogenetic position between '' Liaoceratops'' and '' Archaeoceratops'' within Neoceratopsia. Examination of the frill of ''Yamaceratops'' has convinced the authors that the frill was not used for display, and that the fossils "hint at a more complex evolutionary history for ceratopsian frills". Furthermore, ''Yamaceratops'' has been dated to either Aptian-early Albian, to even as early as mid- Barremian. This likely predated ''Archaeoceratops'' and '' Heli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sasayamagnomus
''Sasayamagnomus'' (meaning "Gnome from Sasayama") is a genus of neoceratopsian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous (Albian) Ohyamashimo Formation of Hyogo prefecture, Japan. The genus contains a single species, ''S. saegusai''. Type specimen is estimated to reach long, although this specimen is not fully grown. Discovery and naming ''Sasayamagnomus'' was found at the Miyada microvertebrate site in Tamba-Sasayama city, Hyogo Prefecture. It is known from 17 assorted cranial bones, the right coracoid and a left tibia. The presence of two right nasals in the material suggests that at least two individuals were represented. Before its formal description, it had been announced in a conference abstract in 2023. The holotype is specimen MNHAH D1-060516, and it was formally described as a new genus and species of neoceratopsian in 2024. The generic name ''Sasayamagnomus'' is named after the Sasayama Basin, from where the bones were collected, and the Latin word for gnome, ''gnomu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
