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Pre-Konvoi
Several nuclear reactors in Germany and abroad are referred to as Pre-Konvoi. The term means that these units were produced and constructed before the manufacturer, Kraftwerk Union AG (KWU), switched over to a standardized design for this type of pressurized water reactor. Pre-Konvoi plants include: Brokdorf, Grafenrheinfeld, Grohnde and Philippsburg unit 2. There is also one Pre-Konvoi plant abroad, the Angra Nuclear Power Plant in Brazil. This is also the location of the only Pre-Konvoi reactor being built; Unit 3 at the Angra Nuclear Power Plant Angra Nuclear Power Plant is Brazil's only nuclear power plant. It is located at the Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) on the Itaorna Beach in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It consists of two Pressurized water reactors, A ... has been in various stages in construction since 1984. Most of these large 1300 MW reactors were built between 1982 and 1986 by Kraftwerk Union (KWU). Compared to the previous generat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angra Nuclear Power Plant
Angra Nuclear Power Plant is Brazil's only nuclear power plant. It is located at the Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) on the Itaorna Beach in Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It consists of two Pressurized water reactors, Angra I, with a net output of 609 MWe, first connected to the power grid in 1985 and Angra II, with a net output of 1,275 MWe, connected in 2000. Work on a third reactor, Angra III, with a projected output of 1,245 MWe, began in 1984 but was halted in 1986. Work started again on 1 June 2010 for entry into service in 2015 and later delayed into the 2020s. A further restart awaits outside investment. Existing complex The Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto complex is administrated by Eletronuclear, a state company with the monopoly in nuclear power generation in Brazil. The complex employs some 3,000 people and generates another 10,000 indirect jobs in Rio de Janeiro state. Angra I was purchased from Westinghouse of the USA (its si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kraftwerk Union
Siemens AG ( ) is a German multinational conglomerate corporation and the largest industrial manufacturing company in Europe headquartered in Munich with branch offices abroad. The principal divisions of the corporation are ''Industry'', ''Energy'', ''Healthcare'' (Siemens Healthineers), and ''Infrastructure & Cities'', which represent the main activities of the corporation. The corporation is a prominent maker of medical diagnostics equipment and its medical health-care division, which generates about 12 percent of the corporation's total sales, is its second-most profitable unit, after the industrial automation division. In this area, it is regarded as a pioneer and the company with the highest revenue in the world. The corporation is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 303,000 people worldwide and reported global revenue of around €62 billion in 2021 according to its earnings release. History 1847 to 190 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pressurized Water Reactor
A pressurized water reactor (PWR) is a type of light-water nuclear reactor. PWRs constitute the large majority of the world's nuclear power plants (with notable exceptions being the UK, Japan and Canada). In a PWR, the primary coolant (water) is pumped under high pressure to the reactor core where it is heated by the energy released by the fission of atoms. The heated, high pressure water then flows to a steam generator, where it transfers its thermal energy to lower pressure water of a secondary system where steam is generated. The steam then drives turbines, which spin an electric generator. In contrast to a boiling water reactor (BWR), pressure in the primary coolant loop prevents the water from boiling within the reactor. All light-water reactors use ordinary water as both coolant and neutron moderator. Most use anywhere from two to four vertically mounted steam generators; VVER reactors use horizontal steam generators. PWRs were originally designed to serve as nuclear marine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brokdorf Nuclear Power Plant
Brokdorf Nuclear Power Plant (German: Kernkraftwerk Brokdorf, or KBR) is a Power Plant close to the municipality of Brokdorf in Steinburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany that shut down on New Year's Eve 2021. It started in October 1986 by a first-of-its-kind joint venture between PreussenElektra AG and ''Hamburgische Electricitäts-Werke'', since 2002 part of Vattenfall. During the construction phase in the 1970s and 1980s there were violent protests against nuclear power at the location.Nuclear Power in Germany: A Chronology Vattenfall Europe Nuclear Energy GmbH owns 20% and [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grafenrheinfeld Nuclear Power Plant
The Grafenrheinfeld nuclear power plant (german: Kernkraftwerk Grafenrheinfeld, KKG) is a now-offline electricity-generating facility near Grafenrheinfeld, south of Schweinfurt at the river Main. The plant operated from 1981 to June 28, 2015, when it was taken offline as part of the phase out policy for nuclear power in Germany. Construction and history Construction took place between 1974 and 1981, which cost around 2.5 billion DM. The reactor, a German third-generation pressurized water reactor with an electrical net power output of 1,345 megawatts, achieved first criticality on December 9, 1981. The plant is managed by PreussenElektra GmbH. The two tall cooling towers are visible from far away. As with almost all other nuclear plants, temporary storage facilities for spent nuclear fuel are present on site. There is an information center at the power station. Under the phase out policy for nuclear power in Germany, the plant was scheduled to shut down on 31 December ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grohnde Nuclear Power Plant
The former Grohnde Nuclear Power Plant is located in Grohnde in the Hamelin-Pyrmont district in Lower Saxony. It had one reactor that used 193 fuel assemblies and utilized both enriched uranium and MOX fuel. In 1985, 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990 and 1998 the reactor produced more net electricity for the respective year than any other reactor in the world. The plant was of the pressurized water reactor A pressurized water reactor (PWR) is a type of light-water nuclear reactor. PWRs constitute the large majority of the world's nuclear power plants (with notable exceptions being the UK, Japan and Canada). In a PWR, the primary coolant (water) is ... type, using four water based coolant cycles, kept under high pressure. In 2021 the plan passed the mark of 400 TWh total low-carbon electricity output since it was connected to the grid. The plant was decommissioned on 31 December 2021 as part of Germany's transition to a renewable energy future. References Former nuclear pow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippsburg Nuclear Power Plant
The Philippsburg Nuclear Power Plant is located in Philippsburg, Karlsruhe (district), Germany. The plant was operated by EnBW Kernkraft GmbH. As part of Germany's phase out of nuclear energy (Atomausstieg), unit 1 was shut down in 2011 and unit 2 in 2019. Demolition of conventional structures began in January 2020. The process of decommissioning is underway as of January 2020 beginning with defueling and dismantling of primary coolant lines. The plants operator EnBW expects the decommissioning process to take around 10-15 years. History For the first unit, parts made for the cancelled Wyhl Wyhl () is a municipality in the district of Emmendingen in Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany. It is known in the 1970s for its role in the anti-nuclear movement. Wyhl was first mentioned in 1971 as a possible site for a nuclear power ... plant were used. The second unit was originally planned to be a BWR as well but plans later changed. Final disconnection for both units w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pressurized Water Reactors
A pressurized water reactor (PWR) is a type of light-water nuclear reactor. PWRs constitute the large majority of the world's nuclear power plants (with notable exceptions being the UK, Japan and Canada). In a PWR, the primary coolant (water) is pumped under high pressure to the reactor core where it is heated by the energy released by the fission of atoms. The heated, high pressure water then flows to a steam generator, where it transfers its thermal energy to lower pressure water of a secondary system where steam is generated. The steam then drives turbines, which spin an electric generator. In contrast to a boiling water reactor (BWR), pressure in the primary coolant loop prevents the water from boiling within the reactor. All light-water reactors use ordinary water as both coolant and neutron moderator. Most use anywhere from two to four vertically mounted steam generators; VVER reactors use horizontal steam generators. PWRs were originally designed to serve as nuclear marin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
