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Norscopolamine
Norscopolamine is a tropane alkaloid isolated from ''Atropanthe sinensis''. See also * Aposcopolamine * Littorine * Meteloidine * Scopolamine Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, or Devil's Breath, is a medication used to treat motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is also sometimes used before surgery to decrease saliva. When used by injection, effects begin a ... References Tropane alkaloids Epoxides Esters {{alkaloid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropane Alkaloid
Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic .2.1alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical structure. Tropane alkaloids occur naturally in many members of the plant family Solanaceae. Certain tropane alkaloids such as cocaine and scopolamine are notorious for their psychoactive effects, related usage and cultural associations. Particular tropane alkaloids such as these have pharmacological properties and can act as anticholinergics or stimulants. Classification Anticholinergics Anticholinergic drugs and deliriants: * Atropine, racemic hyoscyamine, from the deadly nightshade (''Atropa belladonna'') * Hyoscyamine, the ''levo''-isomer of atropine, from henbane (''Hyoscyamus niger''), mandrake ('' Mandragora officinarum'') and the sorcerers' tree ('' Latua pubiflora''). * Scopolamine, from henbane and ''Datura'' species (Jimson weed) All three acetylcholine-inhibiting chemicals can also be found in the leaves, stems, and flowers in varyi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aposcopolamine
Aposcopolamine (apohyoscine) is a bio-active isolate of ''Datura ferox'' and several species of ''Physochlaina'',Gorinova, N.I., Atanassov, A.I. and Velcheva, M.P. ''In Vitro Culture and the Production of Physochlaine and Other Tropane Alkaloids'' - paper in ''Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, Vol. 43 Medicinal and Aromatic Plants XI'' (ed. by Y.P.S. Bajaj) pub. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999. - plants belonging to the Nightshade family, Solanaceae in which tropane alkaloids are of frequent occurrence, particularly in tribes Datureae and Hyoscyameae. See also *Hydroxyzine *Isovoacristine *Umbelliferone Umbelliferone, also known as 7-hydroxycoumarin, hydrangine, skimmetine, and ''beta''-umbelliferone, is a natural product of the coumarin family. It absorbs ultraviolet light strongly at several wavelengths. There are some indications that this c ... References Tropane alkaloids Epoxides {{alkaloid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Littorine
Littorine is a tropane alkaloid found in a variety of plants including ''Datura'' and ''Atropa belladonna''. It is closely related in chemical structure to scopolamine, atropine, and hyoscyamine, of which the latter two with littorine are isomers and which all share a common biosynthetic pathway In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell. The reactants, products, and intermediates of an enzymatic reaction are known as metabolites, which are modified by a sequence of chemical re .... See also * Catuabine * Scopine References {{reflist Tropane alkaloids Tropane alkaloids found in Solanaceae Carboxylate esters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meteloidine
Meteloidine is an alkaloid found in some ''Brugmansia'' and ''Datura'' species. Its also found in ''Erythroxylum australe'' and is said to be cocaine-like alkaloid. Occurrence The first report of the isolation from a natural source of meteloidine was in 1908 by Frank Lee Pyman and William Colebrook Reynolds from the flowering plant ''Datura metel'' along Angelate ester and ''Datura meteloides'' (now reclassified as ''Datura innoxia''). Meteloidine is primarily found in solanaceous plants, and in one species of genus ''Erythroxylum''. It has been found in the leaves and flowers of ''Brugmansia × candida'', and in the roots of '' Datura leichhardtii'', ''Brugmansia suaveolens'', '' Anthocercis littorea'' and ''Anthocercis viscosa'' in minor quantities, and in '' Anthocercis genistoides'' as its principal alkaloid. Meteloidine has been identified in ''Erythroxylum australe'', which is of chemotaxonomic interest as meteloidine has been found in a number of the Solanacae family, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scopolamine
Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, or Devil's Breath, is a medication used to treat motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is also sometimes used before surgery to decrease saliva. When used by injection, effects begin after about 20 minutes and last for up to 8 hours. It may also be used orally and as a transdermal patch since it has been long known to have transdermal bioavailability. Scopolamine is in the antimuscarinic family of drugs and works by blocking some of the effects of acetylcholine within the nervous system. Scopolamine was first written about in 1881 and started to be used for anesthesia around 1900. Scopolamine is also the main active component produced by certain plants of the nightshade family, which historically have been used as psychoactive drugs, known as '' deliriants'', due to their antimuscarinic-induced hallucinogenic effects in higher doses. In these contexts, its mind-altering effects have been utilized for recre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tropane Alkaloids
Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic .2.1alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical structure. Tropane alkaloids occur naturally in many members of the plant family Solanaceae. Certain tropane alkaloids such as cocaine and scopolamine are notorious for their psychoactive effects, related usage and cultural associations. Particular tropane alkaloids such as these have pharmacological properties and can act as anticholinergics or stimulants. Classification Anticholinergics Anticholinergic drugs and deliriants: * Atropine, racemic hyoscyamine, from the deadly nightshade (''Atropa belladonna'') * Hyoscyamine, the ''levo''-isomer of atropine, from henbane (''Hyoscyamus niger''), mandrake (''Mandragora officinarum'') and the sorcerers' tree ('' Latua pubiflora''). * Scopolamine, from henbane and ''Datura'' species (Jimson weed) All three acetylcholine-inhibiting chemicals can also be found in the leaves, stems, and flowers in varying, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epoxides
In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a cyclic ether, where the ether forms a three-atom Ring (chemistry), ring: two atoms of carbon and one atom of oxygen. This triangular structure has substantial ring strain, making epoxides highly Reactivity (chemistry), reactive, more so than other ethers. They are produced on a large scale for many applications. In general, low molecular weight epoxides are colourless and nonpolar, and often Volatility (chemistry), volatile. Nomenclature A compound containing the epoxide functional group can be called an epoxy, epoxide, oxirane, and ethoxyline. Simple epoxides are often referred to as oxides. Thus, the epoxide of ethylene (C2H4) is ethylene oxide (C2H4O). Many compounds have trivial names; for instance, ethylene oxide is called "oxirane". Some names emphasize the presence of the epoxide functional group, as in the compound ''1,2-epoxyheptane'', which can also be called ''1,2-heptene oxide''. A polymer formed from epoxide precursors is c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
