|
National Bank Of Belgium
The National Bank of Belgium (NBB; , NBB; , BNB; , BNB) is the National central bank (Eurosystem), national central bank for Belgium within the Eurosystem. It was the Belgian central bank from 1850 until 1998, established by law of and issuing the Belgian franc - albeit with interruption during World War I and duplication during World War II, when two National Banks with diverging loyalties operated in parallel from Brussels and London between July 1941 and September 1944. Since 2011, the National Bank has also been Belgium's prudential supervisory authority, and since 2014, its national competent authority within European Banking Supervision. In the area of financial market infrastructure, it stands out as supervisor of Euroclear and lead overseer of SWIFT; it also operates a central securities depository of its own, the National Bank of Belgium Securities Settlement System or NBB-SSS. Additional tasks include the management of foreign currency reserves; the collection, circu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brussels
Brussels, officially the Brussels-Capital Region, (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) is a Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium#Regions, region of Belgium comprising #Municipalities, 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium. The Brussels-Capital Region is located in the central portion of the country. It is a part of both the French Community of Belgium and the Flemish Community, and is separate from the Flemish Region (Flanders), within which it forms an enclave, and the Walloon Region (Wallonia), located less than to the south. Brussels grew from a small rural settlement on the river Senne (river), Senne to become an important city-region in Europe. Since the end of the Second World War, it has been a major centre for international politics and home to numerous international organisations, politicians, Diplomacy, diplomats and civil servants. Brussels is the ''de facto' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NBB-SSS
The National Bank of Belgium Securities Settlement System or NBB-SSS is one of three central securities depositories (CSDs) in Belgium, together with Euroclear Bank and Euroclear Belgium. The main CSD for Belgian government securities, it is owned and operated by the National Bank of Belgium. NBB-SSS is one of three remaining central-bank-operated CSDs in the European Exchange Rate Mechanism that are mainly aimed at deposits of government securities, together with the Bulgarian National Bank Government Securities Settlement System (BNBGSSS) and the Bank of Greece Securities Settlement System (BOGS). Other euro-area countries had similar systems in the past but have phased them out, e.g. France in 1995, Finland in 1996, Italy in 2000, and Spain in 2003. Overview NBB-SSS was established by Belgian law of . Its direct participants include EU-based credit institutions and investment firms as well as the Belgian Treasury administration, Clearstream Banking SA, Euroclear, Sicovam, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Banking Crisis Of 1931
The European banking crisis of 1931 was a major episode of financial instability that peaked with the collapse of several major banks in Austria and Germany, including Creditanstalt on , Landesbank der Rheinprovinz on , and Danat-Bank on . It triggered the exit of Germany from the gold standard on , followed by the UK on , and extensive losses in the U.S. financial system that contributed to the Great Depression. The causes of the crisis included a complex mix of financial, fiscal, macroeconomic, political and international imbalances that have nurtured a lively debate of historiography. Background Germany's banking sector shrank dramatically from 1913 to 1924 but expanded rapidly again in the later 1920s, with fivefold growth of aggregate bank assets between 1924 and 1930. The banks were generally undercapitalized and overstretched following rapid balance sheet expansion in the late 1920s, with a preponderance of short-term debt, much of it foreign. Germany was the world's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michel Levie
Michel Édouard Levie (Binche, 4 October 1851 – Saint-Josse-ten-Noode, 6 March 1939) was a Belgian politician and member of the Catholic Party (Belgium), Catholic Party. He was a doctor of law, and also practiced as a lawyer. Levie was a member of the Chamber of Representatives (Belgium), Chamber of Representatives from 1900 until 1921; Minister of Finance (Belgium), Minister of Finance between 1911 and 1914. He was made Minister of State (Belgium), Minister of State on 21 November 1918. A square (''Square Levie-Levieplein'') in Schaerbeek, Brussels is named in his honour. References External links Michel LevieiODIS - Online Database for Intermediary Structures {{DEFAULTSORT:Levie, Michel 1851 births 1939 deaths Catholic Party (Belgium) politicians 19th-century Belgian lawyers People from Binche Ministers of finance of Belgium Ministers of state of Belgium Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968) alumni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Monetary Commission
The National Monetary Commission was a U.S. congressional commission created by the Aldrich–Vreeland Act of 1908. After the Panic of 1907, the Commission studied the banking laws of the United States, and the leading countries of Europe. The chairman of the commission, Senator Nelson Aldrich, a Republican leader in the Senate, personally led a team of experts to major European capitals. They were stunned to discover how much more efficient the European financial system appeared to be and how much more important than the dollar were the pound, the franc and the mark in international trade. The commission's reports and recommendations became one of the principal bases in the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 which created the modern Federal Reserve system. Background Following the panics of the late 1890s and early 1900s, the American people were aroused to the need for basic reforms. One of the most painful aspects of the economic crisis before World War I was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hendrik Beyaert
Hendrik Beyaert ( Dutch) or Henri Beyaert ( French) (29 July 1823 – 22 January 1894) was a Belgian architect. He is responsible for the designs of the Palace of the Nation, the National Bank of Belgium and Bornem Castle, among many other significant buildings. Biography Beyaert was of very humble descent. For this reason he had to earn his living from a very young age onwards. Initially he and his family could not afford to finance higher studies. At age 19, Beyaert worked as a bank employee at the National Bank of Belgium's office in his native city, Kortrijk. He found his profession not very indulging and decided to quit the bank. As he had always been fascinated by architecture, he found a post as an apprentice stonemason on the building site of the new railway station of Tournai, a building that would be replaced decades later by a design of Beyaert himself. In 1842, Beyaert went to Brussels where he kept a small bookshop to earn his living and where he enrolled at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatsuno Kingo
was a Japanese architect born in Karatsu, Saga Prefecture, Kyushu. He was a Doctor of Engineering; conferred as Jusanmi (従三位, Junior Third Rank) and Kunsanto (勲三等, Order of Third Class); and served as dean of Architecture Department at Tokyo Imperial University. Tatsuno is most widely known for his work as the designer of the Bank of Japan building (1896) and the Marunouchi building of Tokyo Station (1914). Education and early career Tatsuno studied architecture at the Imperial College of Engineering where he was a student of the influential British architect Josiah Conder, who was often called "father of Japanese modern architecture". After graduating in 1879, Tatsuno journeyed to London in 1880 attending courses at the University of London. During his stay he worked at the architectural offices of the Gothic Revivalist William Burges. Burges died in 1881 during Tatsuno's stay, but before returning to Japan Tatsuno also took the opportunity to travel extensiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bank Of Japan
The is the central bank of Japan.Louis Frédéric, Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric. (2005). "Nihon Ginkō" in The bank is often called for short. It is headquartered in Nihonbashi, Chūō, Tokyo, Chūō, Tokyo. The said bank is a corporate entity independent of the Government of Japan, Japanese government, and while it is not an Administrative organisation, administrative organisation of the state, its monetary policy falls within the scope of administration. From a Macroeconomics, macroeconomic perspective, long-term stability of prices is deemed crucial. However, the political sector tends to favour short-term measures. Thus, the bank's autonomy and independence are granted from the standpoint of ensuring long-term public welfare and political neutrality. History Background Like most modern Japanese institutions, the Bank of Japan was founded after the Meiji Restoration. Prior to the Restoration, Japan's feudal fiefs all issued their own money, ''Scrip of Edo period Japan, ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Nederlandsche Bank
De Nederlandsche Bank (, , abbr. DNB) is the national central bank for the Netherlands within the Eurosystem. It was the Dutch central bank from 1814 to 1998, issuing the guilder. Since 2014, it has also been the country's national competent authority within European Banking Supervision. It was originally founded by King William I, and has been since transformed into a state-owned public limited company (, abbreviated NV). History On 2 May 1998, the European heads of state or government decided that the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) would begin on 1 January 1999 with eleven member states of the European Union (EU), the Netherlands included. As from 1 June 1998, the Dutch central bank, De Nederlandsche Bank, forms part of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB). On the same day, the new Bank Act (of 1998) came into force. Nearly 185 years into its existence, the Nederlandsche Bank entered a new phase. Tasks Under the 1998 Bank Act – replacing that of 1948 – the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caisse Générale D'Épargne Et De Retraite
The Algemene Spaar- en Lijfrentekas / Caisse générale d'épargne et de retraite (ASLK / CGER, ) was a major Belgian public bank, originally created in 1850 as a pension institution. It was acquired in stages between 1993 and 1998 by Fortis Group. In 1999 Fortis merged it with Générale de Banque and other operations to form Fortis Bank, which in turn was integrated from 2009 into BNP Paribas. History The institution was the brainchild of Belgian statesman Walthère Frère-Orban, who by law of created Belgium's (), and on transformed it into the CGER by expanding it with a savings bank (). One of Frère-Orban's aims was to mitigate the dominance of the Société Générale de Belgique in the Belgian financial system, a concern that also led to his creation of the National Bank of Belgium in 1850 following limited success of an earlier attempt, the Banque de Belgique, created in 1835 but which underwent financial stress in 1848. Frère-Orban intended the CGER to provid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banque De Belgique
The ''Banque de Belgique'' () was a major bank in Belgium, founded in 1835 and eventually wound up in 1885 after experiencing multiple episodes of financial distress. Overview The Banque de Belgique was founded by liberal leader Charles de Brouckère on . The aim was to partly offset the financial dominance in the country of the Société Générale de Belgique which was viewed as not providing savings services to the broader Belgian population, and was also perceived as too much controlled by Dutch interests. was among the new bank's founding shareholders, alongside the French Banque Rothschild. De Brouckère presented the new bank as a philanthropic endeavor, in line with the savings banks movement. The two banks were in direct competition in some segments of their activity, including note issuance which was not yet a monopoly. Starting in 1837 the Banque of Belgique experienced financial difficulties, in the context of territorial disagreements between Belgium and the Net ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Générale De Belgique
The ' (, ; often referred to in Belgium simply as "Société Générale" or SGB) was an investment bank and, subsequently, an industrial and financial conglomerate in Belgium between 1822 and 2003. It has been described as the world's first universal bank. The banking element was split in 1935 and became the '' Générale de Banque''. At its height in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Société Générale exercised significant control over large portions of the national economy of Belgium and the Belgian colonial empire. The Société Générale was originally founded as an investment bank called the or () by William I of the Netherlands in 1822 when Belgium was under his rule within the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. After the Belgian Revolution in 1830, it was the new country's dominant financial institution and remained so even after the creation of the National Bank of Belgium in 1850. Its investments in the national economy contributed to the rapid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
