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Myrmicacin
Myrmicacin (3-hydroxydecanoic acid) is a chemical compound of the β-hydroxycarboxylic acid class. It is named after the South American leaf-cutter ants (Myrmicinae) in which it was first discovered, but is also found in royal jelly. Myrmicacin is believed to act as a herbicide Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page fo ... which prevents seeds collected by the ants from germinating within the nest. See also * 3,10-Dihydroxydecanoic acid * 3,11-Dihydroxydodecanoic acid References {{Ant-stub Fatty acids Beta hydroxy acids Bee products ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beta Hydroxy Acid
A beta hydroxy acid or β-hydroxy acid (BHA) is an organic compound that contains a carboxylic acid functional group and hydroxy functional group separated by ''two'' carbon atoms. They are closely related to alpha hydroxy acids, in which the two functional groups are separated by ''one'' carbon atom. In cosmetics, the term ''beta hydroxy acid'' refers specifically to salicylic acid, which is used in some "anti-aging" creams and acne treatments. It is used to combat inflammation. Upon dehydration, beta-hydroxy acids yield an alpha-beta unsaturated acid. Acidic properties Compared to non-hydroxylated carboxylic acids, this group of acids is stronger, although less strong than the alpha hydroxy acids. Due to the larger distance, the intramolecular hydrogen bridge is less easily formed compared to the alpha hydroxy acids. The table summarizes some values on the propionic series. {, class="wikitable" ! Name ! p''K''a , - , Propanoic acid , , 4.87Handbook of Chemistry an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myrmicinae
Myrmicinae is a subfamily of ants, with about 140 extant genera; their distribution is cosmopolitan. The pupae lack cocoons. Some species retain a functional sting. The petioles of Myrmicinae consist of two nodes. The nests are permanent and in soil, rotting wood, under stones, or in trees.Goulet, H & Huber, JT (eds.) (1993) Hymenoptera of the world: an identification guide to families. Agriculture Canada. p. 224 Identification Myrmicine worker ants have a distinct postpetiole, i.e., abdominal segment III is notably smaller than segment IV and set off from it by a well-developed constriction; the pronotum is inflexibly fused to the rest of the mesosoma, such that the promesonotal suture is weakly impressed or absent, and a functional sting is usually present. The clypeus is well-developed; as a result, the antennal sockets are well separated from the anterior margin of the head. Most myrmicine genera possess well-developed eyes and frontal lobes that partly conceal the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Jelly
Royal jelly is a honey bee secretion that is used in the nutrition of larvae and adult queens. It is secreted from the glands in the hypopharynx of nurse bees, and fed to all larvae in the colony, regardless of sex or caste.Graham, J. (ed.) (1992) ''The Hive and the Honey Bee'' (Revised Edition). Dadant & Sons. During the process of creating new queens, the workers construct special queen cells. The larvae in these cells are fed with copious amounts of royal jelly. This type of feeding triggers the development of queen morphology, including the fully developed ovaries needed to lay eggs. Royal jelly is sometimes used in alternative medicine under the category apitherapy. It is often sold as a dietary supplement for humans, but the European Food Safety Authority has concluded that current evidence does not support the claim that consuming royal jelly offers health benefits to humans. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration has taken legal action against compani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbicide
Herbicides (, ), also commonly known as weedkillers, are substances used to control undesired plants, also known as weeds.EPA. February 201Pesticides Industry. Sales and Usage 2006 and 2007: Market Estimates. Summary in press releasMain page for EPA reports on pesticide use ihere Selective herbicides control specific weed species, while leaving the desired crop relatively unharmed, while non-selective herbicides (sometimes called total weedkillers in commercial products) can be used to clear waste ground, industrial and construction sites, railways and railway embankments as they kill all plant material with which they come into contact. Apart from selective/non-selective, other important distinctions include ''persistence'' (also known as ''residual action'': how long the product stays in place and remains active), ''means of uptake'' (whether it is absorbed by above-ground foliage only, through the roots, or by other means), and ''mechanism of action'' (how it works). Histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3,10-Dihydroxydecanoic Acid
3,10-Dihydroxydecanoic acid is a chemical found in royal jelly. See also * 3,11-Dihydroxydodecanoic acid References Fatty acids Diols Bee products Beta hydroxy acids {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3,11-Dihydroxydodecanoic Acid
3,11-Dihydroxydodecanoic acid is a chemical found in royal jelly. See also *3,10-Dihydroxydecanoic acid 3,10-Dihydroxydecanoic acid is a chemical found in royal jelly. See also * 3,11-Dihydroxydodecanoic acid References Fatty acids Diols Bee products Beta hydroxy acids {{organic-compound-stub ... References Fatty acids Beta hydroxy acids Bee products Diols {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatty Acids
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells. History The concept of fatty acid (''acide gras'') was introduced in 1813 by Michel Eugène Chevreul, though he initially used some variant terms: ''graisse acide'' and ''acide huileux'' ("acid fat" and "oily acid"). Types of fatty acids Fatty acids are classified in many ways: by length, by saturation vs unsaturat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beta Hydroxy Acids
A beta hydroxy acid or β-hydroxy acid (BHA) is an organic compound that contains a carboxylic acid functional group and hydroxy functional group separated by ''two'' carbon atoms. They are closely related to alpha hydroxy acids, in which the two functional groups are separated by ''one'' carbon atom. In cosmetics, the term ''beta hydroxy acid'' refers specifically to salicylic acid, which is used in some "anti-aging" creams and acne treatments. It is used to combat inflammation. Upon dehydration, beta-hydroxy acids yield an alpha-beta unsaturated acid. Acidic properties Compared to non-hydroxylated carboxylic acids, this group of acids is stronger, although less strong than the alpha hydroxy acids. Due to the larger distance, the intramolecular hydrogen bridge is less easily formed compared to the alpha hydroxy acids. The table summarizes some values on the propionic series. {, class="wikitable" ! Name ! p''K''a , - , Propanoic acid , , 4.87Handbook of Chemistry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
