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Mutage
Mutage is a wine making technique for making sweet wines. Typical mechanism The typical process involves the addition of alcohol to the ''must'' so that the fermentation (wine), fermentation process is prematurely stopped. Most yeast (wine), yeasts die when the alcohol content in their environment is raised to approximately 13–15%. By stopping the fermentation of sugars, a sweet taste of the wine is achieved. This technique is used to make port wine and other sweet wines with high alcohol content. Accessed 16 September 2010 Types of mutage Two types of mutage are sometimes distinguished. A distinction being made between adding alcohol to the must before fermentation and adding during fermentation. # ''Mutage sur grain'': Where the mutage takes place during Macerat ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maury AOC
Maury () is an ''Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée'' (AOC) for fortified (wine), fortified ''vin doux naturel'' wines made in the Roussillon wine region of France (wine), France. Almost all wines are red, made from at least 75% Grenache noir (Garnacha). Other permitted grapes are Grenache blanc, Grenache gris, Macabeu (Macabeo), Malvoisie du Roussillon (Tourbat), Syrah, Muscat grape, Muscat and other local varieties.T. Stevenson, ed. ''The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia (5th Edition)'' pg 291 Dorling Kindersley (2011) Although the grapes are different, they are used and marketed very much like Port wine, port. It is made in the communes of Maury, Pyrénées-Orientales, Maury, Saint-Paul-de-Fenouillet, Lesquerde, Tautavel and Rasiguères. The AOC was granted in 1936.Clive Coates ''An Encyclopedia of the Wines and Domaines of France'' pgs 452-464 University of California Press; First Printing edition (June 2001) A. Domine (ed) ''Wine'' pgs 328-331 Ullmann Publishing 2008 H. Johnson & J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vin Doux Naturel
Vin doux naturel (VDN) is a style of lightly fortified wine, typically made from white Muscat grapes or red Grenache grapes in the south of France. Appellations There are numerous appellations (Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée, AOC) for VDN, including: Corsica: * Muscat du Cap Corse Languedoc: * Muscat de Frontignan * Muscat de Lunel * Muscat de Mireval * Muscat de Saint-Jean-de-Minervois Rhône: * Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise * Rasteau Roussillon: * Banyuls * Maury * Muscat de Rivesaltes * Rivesaltes AOC Styles As the name suggests, Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise, Muscat de Rivesaltes and Muscat de Frontignan are all made from the white Muscat grape, whilst Banyuls and Maury are made from red Grenache. Other wines, like those of Rivesaltes AOC, can be made from red or white grapes. Regardless of the grape, fermentation is stopped by the addition of up to 10% of a 190 proof (95% abv) grape spirit. The Grenache vins doux naturels can be made in an oxidised or unoxidised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortified Wine
Fortified wine is a wine to which a distilled spirit, usually brandy, has been added. In the course of some centuries, winemakers have developed many different styles of fortified wine, including port, sherry, madeira, Marsala, Commandaria wine, and the aromatised wine vermouth. Production One reason for fortifying wine was to preserve it, since ethanol is also a natural antiseptic. Even though other preservation methods now exist, fortification continues to be used because the process can add distinct flavors to the finished product. Although grape brandy is most commonly added to produce fortified wines, the additional alcohol may also be neutral spirit that has been made from grapes, grain, sugar beets or sugarcane. Regional appellation laws may dictate the types of spirit that are permitted for fortification. For example, in the U.S. only spirits made from the same fruit as the wine may be added. The source of the additional alcohol and the method of its disti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vin Doux Naturel
Vin doux naturel (VDN) is a style of lightly fortified wine, typically made from white Muscat grapes or red Grenache grapes in the south of France. Appellations There are numerous appellations (Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée, AOC) for VDN, including: Corsica: * Muscat du Cap Corse Languedoc: * Muscat de Frontignan * Muscat de Lunel * Muscat de Mireval * Muscat de Saint-Jean-de-Minervois Rhône: * Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise * Rasteau Roussillon: * Banyuls * Maury * Muscat de Rivesaltes * Rivesaltes AOC Styles As the name suggests, Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise, Muscat de Rivesaltes and Muscat de Frontignan are all made from the white Muscat grape, whilst Banyuls and Maury are made from red Grenache. Other wines, like those of Rivesaltes AOC, can be made from red or white grapes. Regardless of the grape, fermentation is stopped by the addition of up to 10% of a 190 proof (95% abv) grape spirit. The Grenache vins doux naturels can be made in an oxidised or unoxidised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banyuls AOC
Banyuls () is a French ''appellation d'origine contrôlée'' (AOC) for a fortified apéritif or dessert wine made from old vines cultivated in terraces on the slopes of the Catalan Pyrenees in the Roussillon county of France, bordering, to the south, the Empordà wine region in Catalonia in Spain. The AOC production area is limited to four communes of the Côte Vermeille: Banyuls (from which the AOC takes its name), Cerbère, Collioure and Port-Vendres. The boundaries of the AOC are identical to those of the Collioure AOC. Banyuls Grand Cru is an AOC for superior wines that would otherwise be classified as simply Banyuls. They must be matured for 30 months. The grapes permitted are the same. Winemaking The production process, known in France as ''mutage'', is similar to that used to make Port. Alcohol is added to the must to halt fermentation while sugar levels are still high, preserving the natural sweetness of the grape. The wines are then matured in oak barrels, or o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rivesaltes AOC
Rivesaltes (; ) is an appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) for naturally sweet, fortified wines (vin doux naturel or VDN). The name refers to both a production region within Languedoc-Roussillon in southern France, and the style of sweet wines produced there. The Rivesaltes AOC designation of origin has been protected by INAO since 1972, combining several smaller protected designations created in 1936. Grapes and styles Rivesaltes AOC wines are similar to Muscat de Rivesaltes AOC wines, except the grape varieties are not restricted to Muscat. The wines are red or white. Rivesaltes blanc, using white grapes, appears amber in color, while Rivesaltes rouge appears darker. The main grapes used for white Rivesaltes wines are Grenache blanc, Grenache gris, Macabeu, and Malvoisie du Roussillon; Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Muscat of Alexandria are accessory varietals, which have to be less than 20 percent of the final product. The only grapes allowed for red Rivesaltes wines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vin De Liqueur
A ''vin de liqueur'' (French) or ''mistela'' (Spanish) is a Sweetness of wine, sweet Fortified wine, fortified style of French wine and Spanish wine that is fortified with brandy to unfermented Must, grape must. The term ''vin de liqueur'' is also used by the European Union to refer to all fortified wines. These wines are similar to ''Vin doux naturel, vins doux naturels'' but are sweeter and have more flavor influence from the added brandy.Robinson, Jancis (editor). ''The Oxford Companion to Wine'', third edition, (Oxford University Press: 2006), p. 736, . A ''vin de liqueur'' is usually served as an Apéritif and digestif, apéritif. Production The unfermented Must, grape must is fortified with brandy until the solution reaches an alcohol level of 16%–22%. The resulting wine is left with a high level of residual sugar because most strains of yeast cannot Mating of yeast, reproduce at such a high alcohol level. ''Vins de liqueur'' are available in many regional styles and L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noble Rot
Noble rot (; ; ; ) is the beneficial form of a grey fungus, ''Botrytis cinerea'', affecting wine grapes. Infestation by ''Botrytis'' requires warm and humid conditions, typically around 20 degrees Celsius and above 80% humidity. If the weather stays wet, the undesirable form, "bunch rot" or "grey rot", adversely affects winemaking by disrupting fermentation and changing the taste, aroma, and appearance of the final wine Grapes typically become infected with ''cinerea'' when they are ripe. If they are then exposed to drier conditions and become partially raisined, this form of infection is known as noble rot. Grapes picked at a certain point during infestation can produce particularly fine and concentrated sweet wine. Wines produced by this method are known as botrytized wines, and are considered a distinct category of dessert wines. The primary distinction between botrytized wines and other naturally sweet, non-fortified sweet wines, such as late-harvest wines, ice wines, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vendange Tardive
Vendange tardive ("VT") means "''late harvest''" in French. The phrase refers to a style of dessert wine where the grapes are allowed to hang on the vine until they start to dehydrate. This process, called passerillage, concentrates the sugars in the juice and changes the flavours within it. The name is sometimes written as the plural form, ''vendanges tardives'', referring to the fact that several runs through the vineyard are often necessary to produce such wines. In other countries such as Germany or Austria the term Spätlese is used to describe wine using the same making process. Alsace wines were the first to be described as ''vendange tardive'' but the term is now used in other regions of France. Since 1984, the term has been legally defined in Alsace and may only be applied to wines that exceed a minimum must weight and pass blind tasting by the INAO. Sélection de Grains Nobles ("SGN") is an even sweeter category, for grapes affected by noble rot. ''Vendange tardive'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muscat De Frontignan
Muscat (, ) is the capital and most populous city in Oman. It is the seat of the Governorate of Muscat. According to the National Centre for Statistics and Information (NCSI), the population of the Muscat Governorate in 2022 was 1.72 million. The metropolitan area includes six provinces, called , and spans approximately . Known since the early 1st century CE as a leading port for trade between the west and the east, Muscat was ruled successively by various indigenous tribes, as well as by foreign powers such as the Persians, the Portuguese Empire and the Ottoman Empire. In the 18th century, Muscat was a regional military power: its influence extended as far as East Africa and Zanzibar. As an important port town in the Gulf of Oman, Muscat attracted foreign traders and settlers such as the Persians, the Balochs and the Sindhis. Beginning in 1970, after the accession of Qaboos bin Said as the Sultan of Oman, Muscat experienced rapid infrastructural development; it developed a vib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muscat De Rivesaltes AOC
Muscat de Rivesaltes () is an ''Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée'' (AOC) for fortified wines (of the type ''vin doux naturel'') made in the Roussillon wine region of France. They are similar to Rivesaltes AOC wines, except for the grape varieties used. accessed April 6, 2010 The wines are white, and made from Muscat d'Alexandrie and Muscat à Petits Grains grapes, usually in equal quantities, although the appellation rules allow these varieties to be used in any proportion. The alcohol content must be at least 15 per cent by volume, the potential alcohol content at least 21.5 per cent, and the sugar content (fermentable sugars, glucose and fructose) of the finished wine at least 100 grams per liter. The AOC was created in 1956. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beaumes De Venise AOC
Beaumes de Venise () is an appellation of wines from the eastern central region of the southern half of the Rhône Valley. It produces wines of two distinctly different types: 1. A sweet fortified wine of the type '' vin doux naturel'' (VDN), under the designation Muscat de Beaumes de Venise.INAO pdf government archive . Retrieved 15 September 2010 2. A red Côtes du Rhône Villages from the classification of named villages, which typifies the quality wines of the Côtes du Rhône region. The vines are grown on the slopes around the foot of the Dentelles de Montmirail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
