|
Monofluoride
A monofluoride is a chemical compound with one fluoride per formula unit. For a binary compound, this is the formula XF. Organofluorine compounds Common monofluoride are organofluorine compounds such as methyl fluoride and fluorobenzene. Inorganic compounds All the alkali metals form monofluorides. All have the sodium chloride (rock salt) structure and are soluble in water and even some alcohols. Because the fluoride anion is highly basic, many alkali metal fluorides form bifluorides with the formula MHF2. Sodium and potassium bifluorides are significant to the chemical industry. Among other monofluorides, only silver(I) and thallium(I) fluorides are well-characterized. Both are very soluble, unlike the other halides of those metals. Selected inorganic monofluorides Examples of the monofluorides include: Metal monofluorides * Aluminium monofluoride, an elusive species with the formula AlF * Caesium fluoride * Copper monofluoride * Lithium fluoride * Mercury monofluorid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chlorine Monofluoride
Chlorine monofluoride is a volatile interhalogen compound with the chemical formula . It is a colourless gas at room temperature and is stable even at high temperatures. When cooled to −100 °C, ClF condenses as a pale yellow liquid. Many of its properties are intermediate between its parent halogens, and . Geometry The molecular structure in the gas phase was determined by microwave spectroscopy; the bond length is ''r''e = 1.628341(4) Å. The bond length in the crystalline ClF is 1.628(1) Å; the lengthening relative to the free molecule is due to an interaction of the type F-Br···ClMe with a distance of 2.640(1) Å. In its molecular packing it shows very short intermolecular Cl···Cl contacts of 3.070(1) Å between neighboring molecules. Reactivity Chlorine monofluoride is a versatile fluorinating agent, converting metals and non-metals to their fluorides and releasing in the process. For example, it converts tungsten to tungsten he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boron Monofluoride
Boron monofluoride or fluoroborylene is a chemical compound with the formula BF, one atom of boron and one of fluorine. It is an unstable gas, but it is a stable ligand on transition metals, in the same way as carbon monoxide. It is a subhalide, containing fewer than the normal number of fluorine atoms, compared with boron trifluoride. It can also be called a borylene, as it contains boron with two unshared electrons. BF is isoelectronic with carbon monoxide and dinitrogen; each molecule has 14 electrons. Structure The experimental B–F bond length is 1.26267 Å. Despite being isoelectronic to CO and N2, each of which is typically described as having a triple bond, computational studies generally agree that the true bond order is much lower than 3. One reported computed bond order for the molecule is 1.4, compared with 2.6 for CO and 3.0 for N2. BF is unusual in that the dipole moment is inverted, with fluorine having a positive charge even though it is the more e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iodine Monofluoride
Iodine monofluoride is an interhalogen compound of iodine and fluorine with formula IF. It is a chocolate-brown solid that decomposes at 0 °C, disproportionation, disproportionating to elemental iodine and iodine pentafluoride: :5 IF → 2 I2 + IF5 However, its molecular properties can still be precisely determined by spectroscopy: the iodine-fluorine distance is 190.9 pm and the I−F bond dissociation energy is around 277 kJ mol−1. At 298 kelvin, K, its standard enthalpy change of formation is Δf''H''° = −95.4 kJ mol−1, and its Gibbs free energy is Δf''G''° = −117.6 kJ mol−1. It can be generated, albeit only fleetingly, by the reaction of the elements at −45 °C in trichlorofluoromethane, CCl3F: :I2 + F2 → 2 IF It can also be generated by the reaction of iodine with iodine trifluoride at −78 °C in CCl3F: :I2 + IF3 → 3 IF The reaction of iodine with silver(I) fluoride at 0 °C also yields io ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carbon Monofluoride
Carbon monofluoride (CF, CFx, or (CF)n), also called polycarbon monofluoride (PMF), polycarbon fluoride, poly(carbon monofluoride), and graphite fluoride, is a material formed by high-temperature reaction of fluorine gas with graphite, charcoal, or pyrolytic carbon powder. It is a highly hydrophobic microcrystalline powder. Its CAS number is 51311-17-2. In contrast to graphite intercalation compounds it is a covalent graphite compound. Carbon is stable in a fluorine atmosphere up to about 400 °C, but between 420-600 °C a reaction takes place to give substoichiometric carbon monofluoride, CF0.68 appearing dark grey. With increasing temperature and fluorine pressure stoichiometries up to CF1.12 are formed. With increasing fluorine content the colour changes from dark grey to cream white indicating the loss of the aromatic character. The fluorine atoms are located in an alternating fashion above and under the former graphene plane, which is now buckled due to formation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interhalogen Compound
In chemistry, an interhalogen compound is a molecule which contains two or more different halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, or astatine) and no atoms of elements from any other group. Most interhalogen compounds known are binary (composed of only two distinct elements). Their formulae are generally , where ''n'' = 1, 3, 5 or 7, and X is the less electronegative of the two halogens. The value of ''n'' in interhalogens is always odd, because of the odd valence of halogens. They are all prone to hydrolysis, and ionize to give rise to polyhalogen ions. Those formed with astatine have a very short half-life due to astatine being intensely radioactive. No interhalogen compounds containing three or more different halogens are definitely known, although a few books claim that and have been obtained, and theoretical studies seem to indicate that some compounds in the series are barely stable. Some interhalogens, such as , , and , are good halogenating agents. is to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromine Monofluoride
Bromine monofluoride is a quite unstable interhalogen compound with the chemical formula BrF. It can be produced through the reaction of bromine trifluoride (or bromine pentafluoride) and bromine. Due to its lability, the compound can be detected but not isolated: :BrF3 + Br2 → 3 BrF :BrF5 + 2 Br2 → 5 BrF :Br2(l) + F2(g) → 2 BrF(g) It is usually generated in the presence of caesium fluoride. Bromine monofluoride decomposes at normal temperature through dismutation to bromine trifluoride, bromine pentafluoride, and free bromine. The molecular structure in the gas phase was determined by microwave spectroscopy; the bond length is ''r''e = 1.758981(50) Å. The bond length in a cocrystal with methylchloride is 1.822(2) Å; the lengthening relative to the free molecule is due to an interaction of the type F-Br···ClMe with a distance of 2.640(1) Å. See also * Bromine trifluoride, BrF3 * Bromine pentafluoride Bromine pentafluoride, Br F5, is an in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrogen Monofluoride
Nitrogen monofluoride (fluoroimidogen) is a metastable species that has been observed in laser studies. It is isoelectronic with O2. Like boron monofluoride, it is an instance of the rare multiply-bonded fluorine atom. It is unstable with respect to its formal dimer, dinitrogen difluoride, as well as to its elements, nitrogen and fluorine. Nitrogen monofluoride is produced when radical species (H, O, N, CH3) abstracts a fluorine atom from nitrogen difluoride (NF2). Stoichiometrically, the reaction is extremely efficient, regenerating a radical for long-lasting chain propagation. However, radical impurities in the end product also catalyze that product's decomposition. Azide decomposition offers a less-efficient but more pure technique: fluorine azide (which can be formed ''in situ'' via reaction of atomic fluorine with hydrazoic acid) decomposes upon shock into NF and N2. Many NF-producing reactions give the product in an excited state with characteristic chemiluminescence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aluminium Monofluoride
Aluminium monofluoride, also known as fluoridoaluminium, is the chemical compound with the formula AlF. This elusive species is formed by the reaction between aluminium trifluoride and metallic aluminium at elevated temperatures but quickly reverts to the reactants when cooled. Clusters derived from related aluminium(I) halides can be stabilized using specialized ligands. This molecule has been detected in the interstellar medium The interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the outer space, space between the star systems in a galaxy. This matter includes gas in ionic, atomic, and molecular form, as well as cosmic dust, dust and cosmic rays. It f ..., where molecules are so dilute that intermolecular collisions are unimportant. See also * Aluminium monobromide * Aluminium monochloride * Aluminium monoiodide References Aluminium(I) compounds Fluorides Metal halides Diatomic molecules {{inorganic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silver Fluoride
Silver fluoride can refer to: * Silver subfluoride (disilver monofluoride), Ag2F * Silver(I) fluoride (silver monofluoride, argentous fluoride), AgF * Silver(I,II) fluorides (disilver trifluoride, trisilver tetrafluoride) Ag2F3, Ag3F4 * Silver(II) fluoride (silver difluoride, argentic fluoride), AgF2 * Silver(II,III) fluorides (disilver pentafluoride, trisilver octafluoride) Ag2F5, Ag3F8 * Silver(III) fluoride (silver trifluoride), AgF3 * Silver diammine fluoride, a material used to stop dental caries Tooth decay, also known as caries,The word 'caries' is a mass noun, and is not a plural of 'carie'.'' is the breakdown of teeth due to acids produced by bacteria. The resulting cavities may be a number of different colors, from yellow to black ... (cavities), AgFH6N2 Gallery References {{Reflist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silver(I) Fluoride
Silver(I) fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula AgF. It is one of the three main fluorides of silver, the others being silver subfluoride and silver(II) fluoride. AgF has relatively few niche applications; it has been employed as a fluorination and desilylation reagent in organic synthesis and in aqueous solution as a topical caries treatment in dentistry. The hydrates of AgF present as colorless, while pure anhydrous samples are yellow. Preparation High-purity silver(I) fluoride can be produced by the heating of silver carbonate to under a hydrogen fluoride environment, in a platinum tube: : Laboratory routes to the compound typically avoid the use of gaseous hydrogen fluoride. One method is the thermal decomposition of silver tetrafluoroborate: : In an alternative route, silver(I) oxide is dissolved in concentrated aqueous hydrofluoric acid, and the silver fluoride is precipitated out of the resulting solution by acetone. : Properties Structure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thallium(I) Fluoride
Thallium(I) fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula TlF. It is a white solid, forming orthorhombic crystals. The solid is slightly deliquescent. It has a distorted sodium chloride (rock salt) crystal structure, due to the 6s2 inert pair on Tl+. This salt is unusual among the thallium(I) halides in that it is very soluble in water. Reactions Thallium(I) fluoride can be prepared by the reaction of thallium(I) carbonate with hydrofluoric acid Hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in water. Solutions of HF are colorless, acidic and highly corrosive. A common concentration is 49% (48–52%) but there are also stronger solutions (e.g. 70%) and pure HF has a boiling p .... References {{fluorine compounds Thallium(I) compounds Fluorides Metal halides ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
