A monofluoride is a
chemical compound
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element ...
with one fluoride per formula unit. For a binary compound, this is the formula XF.
Organofluorine compounds
Common monofluoride are
organofluorine compounds such as
methyl fluoride and
fluorobenzene.
Inorganic compounds
All the
alkali metal
The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K),The symbols Na and K for sodium and potassium are derived from their Latin names, ''natrium'' and ''kalium''; these are still the origins of the names ...
s form monofluorides. All have the
sodium chloride (rock salt) structure and are soluble in water and even some alcohols. Because the fluoride anion is highly basic, many alkali metal fluorides form
bifluorides with the formula MHF
2.
Sodium
Sodium is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Na (from Neo-Latin ) and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal. Sodium is an alkali metal, being in group 1 element, group 1 of the peri ...
and
potassium
Potassium is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol K (from Neo-Latin ) and atomic number19. It is a silvery white metal that is soft enough to easily cut with a knife. Potassium metal reacts rapidly with atmospheric oxygen to ...
bifluorides are significant to the chemical industry. Among other monofluorides, only
silver(I) and
thallium(I) fluorides are well-characterized. Both are very soluble, unlike the other halides of those metals.
Selected inorganic monofluorides
Examples of the monofluorides include:
Metal monofluorides
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Aluminium monofluoride, an elusive species with the formula AlF
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Caesium fluoride
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Copper monofluoride
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Lithium fluoride
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Mercury monofluoride
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Potassium fluoride
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Rubidium fluoride
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Silver fluoride
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Sodium fluoride
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Thallium monofluoride
Nonmetal monofluorides
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Boron monofluoride or fluoroborylene has the formula BF
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Bromine monofluoride, a liquid
interhalogen compound with formula BrF
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Carbon monofluoride (CF, CF
x, or (CF)
x), also called polycarbon monofluoride
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Chlorine monofluoride, a volatile
interhalogen compound with formula ClF
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Iodine monofluoride, a chocolate-brown solid compound with formula IF
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Hydrogen fluoride
Hydrogen fluoride (fluorane) is an Inorganic chemistry, inorganic compound with chemical formula . It is a very poisonous, colorless gas or liquid that dissolves in water to yield hydrofluoric acid. It is the principal industrial source of fluori ...
, a liquid or gas with boiling point at about 20 °C, HF
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Nitrogen monofluoride, a metastable compound with formula NF
References
Bibliography
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External links
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{{Chemistry index
Fluorides