Metal Carbonato Complex
   HOME



picture info

Metal Carbonato Complex
Transition metal carbonate and bicarbonate complexes are coordination compounds containing carbonate (CO32-) and bicarbonate (HCO3−) as ligands. The inventory of complexes is large, enhanced by the fact that the carbonate ligand can bind metal ions in a variety of bonding modes. They illustrate the fate of low valent complexes when exposed to air. Bonding modes Carbonate Carbonate is a pseudohalide ligand. With a saturated pi-system, it has no pi-acceptor properties. With multiple electronegative elements, it is not strongly basic. The latter is consistent with the pKa’s of carbonic acid: pK1 = 6.77 and pK2 = 9.93. To a single metal ion, carbonate is observed to bind in both unidentate (κ1-) and bidentate (κ2-) fashions. In the covalent bond classification method, κ1-carbonate is anX ligand and κ2-carbonate is an X2 ligand. With two metals, the number of bonding modes increases because carbonate often serves as a bridging ligand. It can span metal-metal bonds as in ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  




(Co(en)2CO3)CL
CO or variants may refer to: Chemistry * Carbon monoxide (CO), a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas * Carbonyl group, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O * Cobalt, a chemical element, symbol Co Computing and telecommunications * .co (second-level domain), the Internet second-level domain meaning "commercial" * .co, the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Colombia * Commitment ordering (CO), a concurrency control technique for databases * Telephone exchange, or central office (CO) Mathematics * Cofunction, or Co, in trigonometry * Cuboctahedron, a uniform polyhedron People * Nguyễn Hữu Có (1925–2012), Vietnamese general * Conrado Co (born 1940), Filipino badminton player * Alfredo Co (born 1949), Filipino Sinologist * Atoy Co (born 1951), Filipino actor and basketball coach * Leonard Co (1953–2010), Filipino botanist * Nando Có (born 1973), Bissau-Guinean footballer * Kenedy Có (born 1998), Bissau-Guinean footballer ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


picture info

Coordination Complexes
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the ''coordination centre'', and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ''ligands'' or complexing agents. Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes. Nomenclature and terminology Coordination complexes are so pervasive that their structures and reactions are described in many ways, sometimes confusingly. The atom within a ligand that is bonded to the central metal atom or ion is called the donor atom. In a typical complex, a metal ion is bonded to several donor atoms, which can be the same or different. A polydentate (multiple bonded) ligand is a molecule or ion that bonds to the central atom through several of the ligand's atoms; ligands with 2, 3, 4 or even 6 bonds to the central atom ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


picture info

Carbonic Anhydrase
The carbonic anhydrases (or carbonate dehydratases) () form a family of enzymes that catalyst, catalyze the interconversion between carbon dioxide and water and the Dissociation (chemistry), dissociated ions of carbonic acid (i.e. bicarbonate and hydrogen ions). The active site of most carbonic anhydrases contains a zinc ion. They are therefore classified as metalloprotein, metalloenzymes. The enzyme maintains Acid–base homeostasis, acid-base balance and helps transport carbon dioxide. Carbonic anhydrase helps maintain acid–base homeostasis, regulate pH, and fluid balance. Depending on its location, the role of the enzyme changes slightly. For example, carbonic anhydrase produces acid in the stomach lining. In the kidney, the control of bicarbonate ions influences the water content of the cell. The control of bicarbonate ions also influences the water content in the eyes. Inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase are used to treat glaucoma, the excessive build-up of water in the eyes ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


Hellyerite
Hellyerite, NiCO3·6(H2O), is a hydrated nickel carbonate mineral. It is light blue to bright green in colour, has a hardness of 2.5, a vitreous luster, a white streak and crystallises in the monoclinic system. The crystal habit is as platy and mammillary encrustations on its matrix. It is a pentahydrate according to X-ray crystallography. The solid consists of i2(CO3)2(H2O)8subunits with an extra pair of water of hydration. Occurrence The environment of formation, associated only with metamorphosed ultramafic rocks, is diagnostic compared with gaspeite, another nickel carbonate which is associated with supergene weathering of nickel sulfides. Hellyerite is observed forming in shear planes in serpentinite, produced by carbonation of the serpentinite. Hellyerite forms in this environment in nickel rich serpentinites, which are metamorphosed equivalents of ultramafic cumulate rocks such as peridotite and dunite. Peridotite and dunite, when fresh, can contain up to ~4,000  ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


Sodium Tris(carbonato)cobalt(III)
Sodium tris(carbonato)cobalt(III) is the inorganic compound with the formula Na3Co(CO3)3•3H2O. The salt contains an olive-green metastable cobalt(III) coordination complex. The salt, a homoleptic metal carbonato complex, is sometimes referred to as the “Field-Durrant precursor” and is prepared by the “Field-Durrant synthesis”. It is used in the synthesis of other cobalt(III) complexes. Otherwise cobalt(III) complexes are generated from cobalt(II) precursors, a process that requires an oxidant. Synthesis An aqueous solution of cobalt(II) nitrate and hydrogen peroxide is added to a solution of sodium bicarbonate, leading to precipitation of the olive solid. The method is a modification of the synthesis of what has been described as “Co2(CO3)3”. Structure and synthetic applications The identity of this complex anion is uncertain, suggestions include o(κ2-CO3)3sup>3-, o(κ1-CO3H)3(OH)3sup>3-, and o(κ2-CO3)2(κ1-CO3)(OH2)sup>3-. Thermal gravimetric analysis fav ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  




Carbonatobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) Chloride
Carbonatobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) chloride is a salt with the formula oCO3(en)2l (en = ethylenediamine). It is a red diamagnetic solid that is soluble in water. It is the monochloride salt of a cationic carbonate complex oCO3(en)2sup>+. The chloride ion in this salt readily undergoes ion exchange. The compound is synthesized by the oxidation of a mixture of cobalt(II) chloride, lithium hydroxide, and ethylenediamine in the presence of carbon dioxide: :CoCl2 + 2 en + CO2 + 0.5H2O2 + LiOH → oCO3(en)2l + H2O + LiCl The cationic complex is octahedral with C2 symmetry. The carbonato ligand is readily replaced upon acid hydrolysis. Derivatives include the following complexes: ''cis''- and ''trans''- +">oCl2(en)2sup>+, ''cis''- o(OH)(H2O)3(en)2sup>2+, ''cis''- o(OH2)2(en)2sup>+, and ''cis''- o(NO2)2(en)2sup>+. Reaction with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Triflic acid, the short name for trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, TFMS, TFSA, HOTf or TfOH, is a sulfonic ac ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


picture info

Ethylenediamine
Ethylenediamine (abbreviated as en when a ligand) is the organic compound with the formula C2H4(NH2)2. This colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor is a basic amine. It is a widely used building block in chemical synthesis, with approximately 500,000 tonnes produced in 1998. Ethylenediamine is the first member of the so-called polyethylene amines. Synthesis Ethylenediamine is produced industrially by treating 1,2-dichloroethane with ammonia under pressure at 180 °C in an aqueous medium (EDC process): : In this reaction hydrogen chloride is generated, which forms a salt with the amine. The amine is liberated by addition of sodium hydroxide and can then be recovered by fractional distillation. Diethylenetriamine (DETA) and triethylenetetramine (TETA) are formed as by-products. Another industrial route to ethylenediamine involves the reaction of ethanolamine and ammonia:Hans-Jürgen Arpe, Industrielle Organische Chemie, 6. Auflage (2007), Seite 275, Wiley VCH : Th ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


picture info

Carbon Dioxide
Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . It is made up of molecules that each have one carbon atom covalent bond, covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms. It is found in a gas state at room temperature and at normally-encountered concentrations it is odorless. As the source of carbon in the carbon cycle, atmospheric is the primary carbon source for life on Earth. In the air, carbon dioxide is transparent to visible light but absorbs infrared, infrared radiation, acting as a greenhouse gas. Carbon dioxide is soluble in water and is found in groundwater, lakes, ice caps, and seawater. It is a trace gas Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere, in Earth's atmosphere at 421 parts per million (ppm), or about 0.042% (as of May 2022) having risen from pre-industrial levels of 280 ppm or about 0.028%. Burning fossil fuels is the main cause of these increased concentrations, which are the primary cause of climate change.IPCC (2022Summary for pol ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


Microscopic Reversibility
The principle of microscopic reversibility in physics and chemistry is twofold: * First, it states that the microscopic detailed dynamics of particles and fields is time-reversible because the microscopic equations of motion are symmetric with respect to inversion in time (T-symmetry); * Second, it relates to the statistical description of the kinetics of macroscopic or mesoscopic systems as an ensemble of elementary processes: collisions, elementary transitions or reactions. For these processes, the consequence of the microscopic T-symmetry is: ''Corresponding to every individual process there is a reverse process, and in a state of equilibrium the average rate of every process is equal to the average rate of its reverse process.'' History of microscopic reversibility The idea of microscopic reversibility was born together with physical kinetics. In 1872, Ludwig Boltzmann represented kinetics of gases as statistical ensemble of elementary collisions.Boltzmann, L. (1964), Lectures on ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


Salt Metathesis Reaction
A salt metathesis reaction (also called a double displacement reaction, double replacement reaction, or double decomposition) is a type of chemical reaction in which two ionic compounds in aqueous solution exchange their component ions to form two new compounds. Often, one of these new compounds is a precipitate, gas, or weak electrolyte, driving the reaction forward. :AB + CD -> AD + CB \mathitA_\mathitD_\mathit + \mathitC_\mathitB_\mathit --> In older literature, the term double decomposition is common. The term double decomposition is more specifically used when at least one of the substances does not dissolve in the solvent, as the ligand or ion exchange takes place in the solid state of the reactant. For example: :AX(aq) + BY(s) → AY(aq) + BX(s). Types of reactions Counterion exchange Salt metathesis is a common technique for exchanging counterions. The choice of reactants is guided by a solubility chart or lattice energy. HSAB theory can also be used to predict ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]  


picture info

X-ray Crystallography
X-ray crystallography is the experimental science of determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline structure causes a beam of incident X-rays to Diffraction, diffract in specific directions. By measuring the angles and intensities of the X-ray diffraction, a crystallography, crystallographer can produce a three-dimensional picture of the density of electrons within the crystal and the positions of the atoms, as well as their chemical bonds, crystallographic disorder, and other information. X-ray crystallography has been fundamental in the development of many scientific fields. In its first decades of use, this method determined the size of atoms, the lengths and types of chemical bonds, and the atomic-scale differences between various materials, especially minerals and alloys. The method has also revealed the structure and function of many biological molecules, including vitamins, drugs, proteins and nucleic acids such as DNA. X-ray crystall ...
[...More Info...]      
[...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]