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Junta (governing Body)
Junta ( or ) is a Spanish, Portuguese and Italian () term for a civil deliberative or administrative council. In English, the term, even when used alone, generally refers to a "military junta", the government of an authoritarian state run by high-ranking officers of a military. The literal meaning of the word derives from ''juntar'' (to join); a group of people with a common purpose. In Italy, a ''giunta'' is the civil Executive (government), executive of Regions of Italy, regions and municipalities (''comune''). In Spain, the term refers to various historical and current governing institutions of a particular territory or occasion. In English, the now-obsolete term "junto", derived from the Spanish "junta", was used without authoritarian connotation, first attested from 1641; the Whig Junto was a political faction in early 18th-century Britain. Historical examples * Junta (Habsburg) * Specific to Spain: ** Name of some of the institutions of government of the Autonomous communi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Junta
A military junta () is a system of government led by a committee of military leaders. The term ''Junta (governing body), junta'' means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the Junta (Peninsular War), national and local junta organized by the Spanish resistance to Peninsular War, Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808.Junta ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (last updated 1998). The term is now used to refer to an authoritarian form of government characterized by oligarchic military dictatorship, as distinguished from other categories of authoritarian rule, specifically Strongman (politics), strongman (autocratic military dictatorships); machine (oligarchic party dictatorships); and bossism (autocratic party dictatorships). A junta often comes to power as a result of a coup d'état. The junta may either formally take ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Salvation Junta
The National Salvation Junta (, ) was a group of military officers designated to maintain the government of Portugal in April 1974 after the Carnation Revolution had overthrown the '' Estado Novo'' dictatorial regime. This junta assumed power following a communiqué of its president, António de Spínola, at 1:30 a.m. on 26 April 1974. The National Salvation Junta was the ''de jure'' governing body of Portugal following the Carnation Revolution. Purpose The Junta was a pre-planned part of the national reform program envisioned by the '' Movimento das Forças Armadas'' (Movement of the Armed Forces; MFA), which aimed to exercise political power after the revolution and prior to the formation of a civilian government in order to prevent the collapse of the Presidency of the Republic (then held by Rear-Admiral Américo Tomás) and of the government. It entailed the dissolution of the National Assembly and of the Council of State. The Constitutional Law 1/74 of 25 April 1974 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Authoritarianism
Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political ''status quo'', and reductions in democracy, separation of powers, civil liberties, and the rule of law. Authoritarian regimes may be either autocratic or oligarchic and may be based upon the rule of a party or the military. States that have a blurred boundary between democracy and authoritarianism have sometimes been characterized as "hybrid democracies", " hybrid regimes" or "competitive authoritarian" states. The political scientist Juan Linz, in an influential 1964 work, ''An Authoritarian Regime: Spain'', defined authoritarianism as possessing four qualities: # Limited political pluralism, which is achieved with constraints on the legislature, political parties and interest groups. # Political legitimacy based on appeals to emotion and identification of the regime as a necessary evil to combat "easily recognizabl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Dictatorship
A military dictatorship, or a military regime, is a type of dictatorship in which Power (social and political), power is held by one or more military officers. Military dictatorships are led by either a single military dictator, known as a Political strongman, strongman, or by a council of military officers known as a military junta. They are most often formed by military coups or by the empowerment of the military through a popular uprising in times of domestic unrest or instability. The military nominally seeks power to restore order or fight corruption, but the personal motivations of military officers will vary. The balance of power in a military dictatorship depends on the dictator's ability to maintain the approval of the military through concessions and appeasement while using force to Political repression, repress opposition. Military strongmen may seek to consolidate power independently of the military, effectively creating Personalist dictatorship, personalist dictator ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coup D'état
A coup d'état (; ; ), or simply a coup , is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent leadership. A self-coup is said to take place when a leader, having come to power through legal means, tries to stay in power through illegal means. By one estimate, there were 457 coup attempts from 1950 to 2010, half of which were successful. Most coup attempts occurred in the mid-1960s, but there were also large numbers of coup attempts in the mid-1970s and the early 1990s. Coups occurring in the post-Cold War period have been more likely to result in democratic systems than Cold War coups, though coups still mostly perpetuate authoritarianism. Many factors may lead to the occurrence of a coup, as well as determine the success or failure of a coup. Once a coup is underway, coup success is driven by coup-makers' ability to get others to believe that the coup attempt will be successful. The number of successful cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junta (trade Unionism)
New Model Trade Unions (NMTU) were a variety of Trade Unions prominent in the 1850s and 1860s in the UK. The term was coined by Sidney and Beatrice Webb in their ''History of Trade Unionism'' (1894), although later historians have questioned how far New Model Trade Unions represented a 'new wave' of unionism, as portrayed by Webbs. Features of New Model Trade Unions In contrast to the consolidated Unions (such as the Grand National Consolidated Trade Union) common in the 1830s and 1840s, New Model Unions tended to be restricted to individual trades. These were generally relatively highly paid skilled trades (including artisans), allowing the Unions to charge comparatively high subscription fees. Their leadership tended to be more reformist, with an emphasis on negotiations and education rather than strike action, and this led them to be viewed as more 'respectable'. This was partly because since they represented skilled workers, there was not a large source of labour for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junta De Administración Portuaria Y De Desarrollo Económico De La Vertiente Atlántica De Costa Rica
The (JAPDEVA) is the Board of Port Administration and Economic Development of the Atlantic Coast of Costa Rica Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime bo .... It was established in 1963 as an autonomous entity of the State in order to ensure the maintenance of the canals of the northern province of Limon ( Tortuguero and Barra del Colorado) and monitor government contracts with regard to ports and railway. Institutions of Costa Rica {{CostaRica-gov-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junta De Aviación Civil
''Junta de Aviación Civil de la República Dominicana'' (JAC) is the civil aviation authority of the Dominican Republic. Its headquarters is in Renacimiento, Santo Domingo. As of 2025, Lic.Héctor E. Porcella Dumas the president of the JAC. On December 28, 2006 Law 491/06 was established; the elements of Law 491/06 currently govern civil aviation in the Dominican Republic. " Junta de Aviación Civil. Retrieved on June 22, 2011. References External links ''Junta de Aviación Civil'' Government of the Dominican Republic |
Junta Investigadora De Accidentes De Aviación Civil
The ''Civil Aviation Accident Investigation Board'' (JIAAC ) was the civil aviation accident investigation agency of Venezuela. The JIAAC had its headquarters in Chacao, Caracas, Miranda State. Before its closure, it was an organization under the Ministry of Transport and Communications. It was originally the ''Air Accident Investigation Committee'' (CIAA, ). Previously the JIAAC was an independent authority of the Ministry of Public Works and Housing.Executive Summary Venezuela " Archive |
Revolutionary Government Junta Of El Salvador
The Revolutionary Government Junta (, JRG) was the name of three consecutive joint civilian-military dictatorships that ruled El Salvador between 15 October 1979 and 2 May 1982. The first junta, from 1979 to 1980, consisted of two colonels, Adolfo Arnoldo Majano and Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez, and three civilians, Guillermo Ungo, Mario Antonio Andino and Román Mayorga Quirós. The second junta, from January through December 1980, consisted of Majano and Gutiérrez, and José Antonio Morales Ehrlich, Héctor Dada Hirezi, and José Ramón Ávalos Navarrete. The final junta, from 1980 to 1982, consisted of Gutiérrez, Morales Ehrlich, Ávalos Navarrete, with José Napoleón Duarte as the junta's president. The Revolutionary Government Junta was the source of many human rights violations that were committed across the country during its rule. Background and coup The National Coalition Party (El Salvador), National Conciliation Party (PCN) ruled El Salvador from 1962 to 1979 as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junta De Investigación De Accidentes De Aviación Civil
The Junta de Investigación de Accidentes de Aviación Civil (JIAAC), in English the Civil Aviation Accident Investigation Board, was an agency of Argentina under the purview of the Ministry of Transport of the Argentine Nation that investigated air accidents. Its headquarters were in Buenos Aires. Its mission was to determine the causes of accidents and incidents that occurred in the field of civil aviation, in order to then recommend effective actions aimed at avoiding the occurrence of air events in the future, the agency worked to promote operational safety in the entire field of civil, national and international aviation. It had four administrative regions. The board was replaced by the Junta de Seguridad en el Transporte (JST) ("Transportation Safety Board") in 2019, as stipulated by Law 27,514, ." [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
