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Jangnama
jangnama, is an epic or heroic poem in the Bangladeshi, Indian, Irani and Pakistani literatures. The word is of Persian origin. In Kashmiri, ''jangnama'' refers to epic poetry generally; but ''jangnama'' also identifies a specific genre of poetry that deals with Islamic conquests. The genre also exists in many Muslim-influenced Indo-Aryan languages. Different jangnamas A variety of different ''jangnamas'' were written in the years before 1850; they include: * ''Janganama Zainab's Chautisa'' by Sheikh Faizullah (16th century) * ''Janganama'' by Dawlat Wazir Bahram Khan (16th century) * ''Jangnama Muqtal Husayn'' by Mohammad Khan Islamabadi (1645) * ''Jangnama'' by Abdul Hakim (1723) * ''Zari Jangnama Maharamparba'' by Heyat Mahmud (1723) * ''Qasim-er Lodai O Fatima-r Suratnama'' by Sherbaz (18th century) * ''Shahid-e-Karbala O Sakina-r Bilaap'' by Zafar (18th century) * ''Shongram Husayn'' by Hamid (18th century) * ''Janganama Amir Hamza'' by Gharibullah * ''Jangnama Hanifa ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shah Mohammad
Shah Mohammad ( ; ; 1780–1862), was a Punjabi poet who lived during the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780 – 1839) and is best known for his book '' Jangnama'' (Book of War) written around 1846, which depicts the First Anglo-Sikh War The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company in 1845 and 1846 around the Firozpur district of Punjab. It resulted in the defeat and partial subjugation of the Sikh empire and cession of Jammu ... (1845 – 1846) that took place after the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1839.Jangnama Singhan Te Firangian (book by Shah Mohammad) on goodreads.com website Retrieved 23 October 2020 It is widely believed by historians that Shah Mohammad had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjabi Poetry
Punjabi literature, specifically literary works written in the Punjabi language, is characteristic of the historical Punjab of present-day Pakistan and India and the Punjabi diaspora. The Punjabi language is written in several scripts, of which the Shahmukhi and Gurmukhī scripts are the most commonly used in Western Punjab and Eastern Punjab, respectively. History Early history The earliest writings in Punjabi belong to the Nath Yogi era from the 9th to the 14th centuries. They referred to God with various names such as "Alakh Nirajan" which are still prevalent in Punjabi vernacular. According to Master Tara Singh, the Punjabi poetry authored by Baba Farid, Guru Nanak, and Bhai Gurdas was already at a high-level where subtle ideas could be expressed through a medium of a literary language, therefore Punjabi must have evolved centuries before then, perhaps in the 9th or 10th centuries. An example of surviving work of an early-stage showcasing Old Punjabi emerging from Ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengali Kissa
A Bengali Kissa (), also known as Keccha (), is a genre of Bengali poetry and prose as well as a tradition in the Bengali language of oral story-telling. It started flourishing in Bengal with the fusion of local Bengali folklore and stories from the Arab and Turco-Persian immigrants. The art form remains popular amongst the rural Muslim communities of Bangladesh. Where ''Kissa'' reflect an Islamic and/or Persian heritage of transmitting popular tales of love, valour, honour and moral integrity amongst Muslims, they matured out of the bounds of religion into a more secular form when it reached Bengal and added the existing pre-Islamic Bengali culture and folklore to its entity. Etymology and pronunciation The word ''Kissa'' originates from the Arabic word ''Qissa'' (قصه) meaning ‘''epic legend''’ or ‘''folk tale''’. It has influenced many languages of the Indian subcontinent and occurs as a regular common noun in Indo-Aryan languages like Bengali, Gujarati, Urdu and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dobhashi
Dobhashi () is a neologism used to refer to a historical register of the Bengali language which borrowed extensively, in all aspects, from Arabic and Persian. This is the part of Middle Bengali. It became the most customary form for composing '' puthi'' poetry predominantly using the traditional Bengali alphabet. However, Dobhashi literature was produced in the modified Arabic scripts of Chittagong and Nadia. The standardisation of the modern Bengali language during the colonial period, eventually led to its decline.Thibaut d'Hubert, Alexandre Papas (2018). ''Jāmī in Regional Contexts: The Reception of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī’s Works in the Islamicate World, ca. 9th/15th-14th/20th Century''. pp.678. BRILL. Retrieved on 9 September 2020. Name No name has been recorded for this register during its development and practice. In the 19th century, an Anglican priest called James Long coined the term ''Musalmani Bengali'', which was also adopted by linguists such as Suniti Kum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heyat Mahmud
Qadi Heyat Mahmud (; 1693–1760) was a medieval Bengali poet, mystic and judge. Although his works, like other Middle Bengali poetry, are religion-centric, they are marked by social consciousness and tolerance, and contain many Rangpuri dialectic features. Mahmud is considered to be the last poet of Middle Bengali literature, and his lifespan directly ends shortly after the British East India Company's victory at the Battle of Plassey. Early life and career Mahmud was born in 1693, to a Bengali Muslim family in the village of Jharbishila then part of the Sarkar Ghoraghat of Bengal Subah, Mughal Empire (now in Pirganj, Rangpur District, Bangladesh). His father, Shah Kabir, was the Dewan of Ghoraghat and a poet in his spare time. His mother's name was Khairunnesa. Due to this, Mahmud was able to be employed by the Sarkar as a Qadi (Muslim judge). Literary career Mahmud has written four poetry compositions. As a resident of Ghoraghat, his works have strong influences from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Poetry
Islamic poetry is a form of spoken word written & recited by Muslims. Islamic poetry, and notably Sufi poetry, has been written in many languages including Urdu poetry, Urdu and Turkish poetry, Turkish. Genres of Islamic poetry include Ginans, devotional hymns recited by Ismailis; Ghazal, poetic expression of the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. and Qasida, written poetry, often translated as ode, passed on through the Arab Muslim expansion; and blank verse (''shi'r musal''). History and origins Beginning with the migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina (A.D. 622), also known as the Hijra (Islam), Hijrah, the qasida or ode was a sharp contrast to the sacred Quran. Writers at the time of pre-Islamic poetry were considered to be lacking the knowledge and authority necessary to be writing such poetry, thus leading this period of time to be called the "Age of Ignorance". This time period caused tension amongst the early Isl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Poetry
Indian poetry and Indian literature in general, has a long history dating back to Vedic times. They were written in various Indian languages such as Vedic Sanskrit, Classical Sanskrit, Ancient Meitei, Modern Meitei, Telugu, Tamil, Odia, Maithili, Kannada, Bengali, Assamese, Hindi, Marathi and Urdu among other prominent languages. Poetry in foreign languages such as English also has a strong influence on Indian poetry. The poetry reflects diverse spiritual traditions within India. In particular, many Indian poets have been inspired by mystical experiences. Poetry is the oldest form of literature and has a rich written and oral tradition. Longest poems Indian poetry awards There are very few literary awards in India for poetry alone. The prestigious awards like Jnanapeeth, Sahitya Akademi and Kalidas Samman etc. are given away to writers of both prose and poetry. Most of the awards have gone to novelists. Few poets have received these awards. Jnanpith Awa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengali Poetry
Bengali poetry is a rich tradition of poetry in the Bengali language and has many different forms. Originating in Bengal, the history of Bengali poetry underwent three successive stages of development: poetry of the early age (like '' Charyapad''), the Medieval period and the age of modern poetry. All ages have seen different forms of poetry and poetical tradition. It reached the pinnacle during the Bengali Renaissance period although it has a rich tradition and has grown independent of the movement. Major Bengali Poets throughout the ages are Chandidas, Krittivas Ojha, Maladhar Basu, Bijay Gupta, Mukundaram Chakrabarti, Kashiram Das, Alaol, Syed Sultan, Ramprasad Sen, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Nabinchandra Sen, Rabindranath Tagore, Dwijendralal Ray, Satyendranath Dutta, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Jibanananda Das, Jasimuddin, Sukanta Battacharya, Al Mahmud, Joy Goswami. Introduction Poetry in the colloquial dialect of Bengal first originated from Prakrit, and based ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaar
The Vār or Vaar (, ), in Punjabi poetry, is a heroic ode or ballad which generally narrates legend such as stories of Punjabi folk heroes or a historical event.''The Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature (Volume One - A to Devo)''. Amaresh Datta, ed. Sahitya Akademi: 2006, 352. Examples include the feats of Dulla Bhatti and Raja Rasalu, Amir Khusrau's Vaar for Ghazi Malik who took the throne of Delhi in 1320, the Vaar of Shaikh Khokhar, Najabat's ''Nadar Shah di Var'' which describes the invasion of India by Nadir Shah in 1739, and the ''Chatthian di Vaar'' which commemorates Pir Muhammad Chattha's famous rivalry with the Sikhs. The Var has also been used to evoke the mood of devotion or sacrifice, as in Guru Gobind Singh's '' Chandi di Var'', or to narrate the mystical experience of a Pir, Bhagat or Guru. See also * Punjabi Qisse * Punjabi folklore * Dhadi (music) * Raga A raga ( ; , ; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjabi Qisse
A Punjabi Qissa (plural: Qisse) is a tradition of Punjabi language oral story-telling that emerged in Punjab region of eastern Pakistan and northwestern India, with the fusion of local Punjabi people and migrants from the Arabian peninsula and contemporary Iran. Where ''Qisse'' reflect an Islamic and/or Persian heritage of transmitting popular tales of love, valour, honour and moral integrity amongst Muslims, they matured out of the bounds of religion into a more secular form when it reached India and added the existing pre-Islamic Punjabi culture and folklore to its entity. Etymology The word ''Qissa'' (pronounced ) is an Arabic word meaning "epic legend" or a "folk tale". It occurs as a regular common noun in Indo-Aryan languages like Punjabi, Bengali, Gujarati, Urdu and Hindi. If used informally, the word means an ‘''interesting tale''’ or ‘''fable''’. Qisse and the Punjabi culture The Punjabi language has a rich literature of , most of which are about love, passio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Yar
Aḥmad Yār (1768–1845) was a Punjabi poet and historian from Gujrat. Biography Ahmad Yar was born in 1768 at Islamgarh in Gujrat District. His date of birth is based on his own comment that he was seventy when he was appointed to write ''Shāhnāma-yi Ranjīt Singh'' in 1838. At his youth, he left Islamgarh to live in Murala, where he spent most of his life and died in 1845. Literary works Ahmad Yar was a prolific writer, producing more than forty Punjabi Qisse during his lifetime. He was also a polyglot, and wrote in Punjabi, Arabic, Persian and Braj Bhasha on a variety of subjects including medicine (''Ṭibb-i Aḥmad-Yārī''), history (''Shāhnāma'', a Persian chronicle of Ranjit Singh’s court), Islam (''Jang-e-Aḥmad''), and romance ('' Hīr Rāṃjhā'', '' Sohńī Mahīṃwāl'', '' Laila-Majnun'' and '' Sassī Punnūṃ'', among others). Although he wrote a number of devotional poems such as ''Sharḥ duʿā suryānī'', ''Ḥulya mubārak Rasūl-i maqbūl'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epic Poetry
In poetry, an epic is a lengthy narrative poem typically about the extraordinary deeds of extraordinary characters who, in dealings with gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the mortal universe for their descendants. With regard to oral tradition, epic poems consist of formal speech and are usually learnt word for word, and are contrasted with narratives that consist of everyday speech where the performer has the license to recontextualize the story to a particular audience, often to a younger generation. Influential epics that have shaped Western literature and culture include Homer's ''Iliad'' and '' Odyssey''; Virgil's '' Aeneid''; and the anonymous '' Beowulf'' and '' Epic of Gilgamesh''. The genre has inspired the adjective '' epic'' as well as derivative works in other mediums (such as epic films) that evoke or emulate the characteristics of epics. Etymology The English word ''epic'' comes from Latin , which itself comes from the Ancient Greek adject ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
