Inverted Ligand Field Theory
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Inverted Ligand Field Theory
Inverted ligand field theory (ILFT) describes a phenomenon in the bonding of coordination complexes where the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital is primarily of ligand character. This is contrary to the traditional ligand field theory or crystal field theory picture and arises from the breaking down of the assumption that in Organometallic chemistry, organometallic complexes, ligands are more electronegative and have frontier orbitals below those of the d orbitals of electropositive metals. Towards the right of the d-block, when approaching the transition-metalmain group boundary, the d orbitals become more core-like, making their cations more electronegative. This decreases their energies and eventually arrives at a point where they are lower in energy than the ligand frontier orbitals. Here the ligand field inverts so that the bonding orbitals are more metal-based, and antibonding orbitals more ligand-based. The relative arrangement of the d orbitals are also inverted in complex ...
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