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Hryvnias
The ( ; , ''hrn''; sign: ₴; code: UAH) has been the national currency of Ukraine since 2 September 1996. The hryvnia is divided into 100 kopiykas (). It is named after a measure of weight used in Kievan Rus'. Etymology The currency of Kievan Rus' in the 11th century was the ''grivna''. The word is thought to derive from the Slavic ''griva''; which compares with the Ukrainian, Russian, Bulgarian, and Serbo-Croatian word (''griva'', meaning "mane"). It might have indicated something valuable to be worn around the neck, that was usually made of silver or gold, and may be related to the Bulgarian and Serbian term ''grivna'' (, "bracelet"). Following Ukraine's declared secession from Russia in 1917, the Ukrainian People's Republic named its currency hryvnia after the grivna of Kievan Rus'; these were designed by Heorhiy Narbut. The word was used to describe silver or gold ingots of a certain weight. Currency sign The hryvnia sign is a cursive Ukrainian letter He (''г ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
гривня
The ( ; , ''hrn''; currency sign, sign: ₴; ISO 4217, code: UAH) has been the national currency of Ukraine since 2 September 1996. The hryvnia is divided into 100 kopiykas (). It is named after Grivna, a measure of weight used in Kievan Rus'. Etymology The currency of Kievan Rus' in the 11th century was the ''grivna''. The word is thought to derive from the Slavic languages, Slavic ''griva''; which compares with the Ukrainian language, Ukrainian, Russian, Bulgarian language, Bulgarian, and Serbo-Croatian word (''griva'', meaning "mane"). It might have indicated something valuable to be worn around the neck, that was usually made of silver or gold, and may be related to the Bulgarian and Serbian term ''grivna'' (, "bracelet"). Following Ukraine's declared secession from Russia in 1917, the Ukrainian People's Republic named its currency hryvnia after the grivna of Kievan Rus'; these were designed by Heorhiy Narbut. The word was used to describe silver or gold ingots of a cer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian One Hundred-hryvnia Note
The Ukraine one hundred-hryvnia bill (₴100) is one of the most common banknotes of the Ukrainian hryvnia; it is the main banknote dispensed from Ukrainian automatic banking machines (ABMs). The second series of Ukrainian hryvnia banknotes included Ivan Kramskoi's portrait of Taras Shevchenko on the face, and the Saint Sophia Cathedral, Kyiv on the reverse. The notes were printed by Thomas de la Rue in 1996 and the National Bank of Ukraine in 2000. The design was also printed by the Canadian Bank Note Company in 1992, but these notes were never issued into circulation. The olive-coloured version which replaced the second series note was released to the general public on 20 February 2006, with Taras Shevchenko's self-portrait on the face and the Chernecha Hill in Cherkasy and the figures of a blind kobzar with his guide boy on the reverse. In 2014, the reverse image was changed to the façade of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv The Taras Shevchenko National Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consumer Price Index
A consumer price index (CPI) is a statistical estimate of the level of prices of goods and services bought for consumption purposes by households. It is calculated as the weighted average price of a market basket of Goods, consumer goods and Service (economics), services. Changes in CPI track changes in prices over time. The items in the basket are updated periodically to reflect changes in consumer spending habits. The prices of the goods and services in the basket are collected (often monthly) from a sample of retail and service establishments. The prices are then adjusted for changes in quality or features. Changes in the CPI can be used to track inflation over time and to compare inflation rates between different countries. While the CPI is not a perfect measure of inflation or the cost of living, it is a useful tool for tracking these economic indicators. It is one of several Price index, price indices calculated by many national statistical agencies. Overview A CPI is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gold
Gold is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol Au (from Latin ) and atomic number 79. In its pure form, it is a brightness, bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal, a group 11 element, and one of the noble metals. It is one of the least reactivity (chemistry), reactive chemical elements, being the second-lowest in the reactivity series. It is solid under standard temperature and pressure, standard conditions. Gold often occurs in free elemental (native state (metallurgy), native state), as gold nugget, nuggets or grains, in rock (geology), rocks, vein (geology), veins, and alluvial deposits. It occurs in a solid solution series with the native element silver (as in electrum), naturally alloyed with other metals like copper and palladium, and mineral inclusions such as within pyrite. Less commonly, it occurs in minerals as gold compounds, often with tellurium (gold tellurides). Gold is resistant to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Rupee
The Indian rupee (symbol: ₹; code: INR) is the official currency of India. The rupee is subdivided into 100 '' paise'' (Hindi plural; singular: ''paisa''). The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. The Reserve Bank derives this role from powers vested to it by the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Etymology Pāṇini (6th to 4th century BCE), the ancient Indian grammarian and logician, writes of the (). While it is unclear whether Panini was referring specifically to coinage, some scholars conclude that he uses the term ''rūpa'' to mean a piece of precious metal (typically silver) used as a coin, and a ''rūpya'' to mean a stamped piece of metal, a coin in the modern sense. The ''Arthashastra'', written by Chanakya, prime minister to the first Maurya emperor Chandragupta Maurya (), mentions silver coins as . Other types of coins, including gold coins (), copper coins (), and lead coins (), are also mentioned. The immediate precursor to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euro
The euro (currency symbol, symbol: euro sign, €; ISO 4217, currency code: EUR) is the official currency of 20 of the Member state of the European Union, member states of the European Union. This group of states is officially known as the euro area or, more commonly, the eurozone. The euro is divided into 100 1 euro cent coin, euro cents. The currency is also used officially by the institutions of the European Union, by International status and usage of the euro, four European microstates that are not EU members, the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, as well as unilaterally by Montenegro and Kosovo. Outside Europe, a number of special territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency. The euro is used by 350 million people in Europe and additionally, over 200 million people worldwide use currencies pegged to the euro. It is the second-largest reserve currency as well as the second-most traded currency in the world after the United Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Yuan
The renminbi ( ; currency symbol, symbol: Yen and yuan sign, ¥; ISO 4217, ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB), also known as the Chinese yuan, is the official currency of the China, People's Republic of China. The renminbi is issued by the People's Bank of China, the Central bank, monetary authority of China. It is the world's Template:Most traded currencies, fifth-most-traded currency as of April 2022. The Yuan (currency), yuan () is the basic unit of the renminbi. One yuan is divided into 10 Jiao (currency), jiao (), and the jiao is further subdivided into 10 Fen (currency), fen (). The word ''yuan'' is widely used to refer to the Chinese currency generally, especially in international contexts. Valuation Until 2005, the value of the renminbi was Fixed exchange-rate system, pegged to the United States dollar, US dollar. As China pursued its Chinese economic reform, transition from planned economy, central planning to a market economy and increased its participation in foreign ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Yen
The is the official currency of Japan. It is the third-most traded currency in the foreign exchange market, after the United States dollar and the euro. It is also widely used as a third reserve currency after the US dollar and the euro. The New Currency Act of 1871 introduced Japan's modern currency system, with the yen defined as of gold, or of silver, and divided decimally into 100 ''sen'' or 1,000 ''rin''. The yen replaced the previous Tokugawa coinage as well as the various ''hansatsu'' paper currencies issued by feudal ''han'' (fiefs). The Bank of Japan was founded in 1882 and given a monopoly on controlling the money supply. Following World War II, the yen lost much of its pre-war value as Japan faced a debt crisis and hyperinflation. Under the Bretton Woods system, the yen was pegged to the US dollar alongside other major currencies. After this system was abandoned in 1971 with the Nixon shock, Nixon Shock, the short-lived Smithsonian Agreement temporarily reinstat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ge (Cyrillic)
Ge, ghe, or he (Г г; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Most commonly, it represents the voiced velar plosive , like the in "gift", or the voiced glottal fricative , like the in "heft". It is generally romanized using the Latin letter '' g'' or '' h'', depending on the source language. History The Cyrillic letter ge was derived directly from the Greek letter Gamma (Γ) in uncial script. In the Early Cyrillic alphabet, its name was глаголь (''glagol' ''), meaning "speak". In the Cyrillic numeral system, it had a numerical value of 3. Usage Slavic languages Belarusian, Rusyn, and Ukrainian From these three languages, the letter is romanized with ''h''. Its name is ''he'' in Belarusian and Ukrainian, and ''hy'' in Rusyn. In Belarusian (like in Southern Russian), the letter corresponds to the velar fricative and its soft counterpart . In Ukrainian and Rusyn, it represents a voiced glottal fricative , a breathy voiced counterpart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukrainian Alphabet
The Ukrainian alphabet () is the set of letters used to write Ukrainian, which is the official language of Ukraine. It is one of several national variations of the Cyrillic script. It comes from the Cyrillic script, which was devised in the 9th century for the first Slavic literary language, called Old Slavonic. In the 10th century, Cyrillic script became used in Kievan Rus' to write Old East Slavic, from which the Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn, and Ukrainian alphabets later evolved. The modern Ukrainian alphabet has 33 letters in total: 21 consonants, 1 semivowel, 10 vowels and 1 palatalization sign. Sometimes the apostrophe (') is also included, which has a phonetic meaning and is a mandatory sign in writing, but is not considered as a letter and is not included in the alphabet. In Ukrainian, it is called (tr. , ), from the initial letters '' а'' (tr. ''a'') and '' б'' (tr. ''b''); (tr. ''alfavit''); or, archaically, (tr. ''azbuka''), from the acrophonic early Cyrill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cursive
Cursive (also known as joined-up writing) is any style of penmanship in which characters are written joined in a flowing manner, generally for the purpose of making writing faster, in contrast to block letters. It varies in functionality and modern-day usage across languages and regions; being used both publicly in artistic and formal documents as well as in private communication. Formal cursive is generally joined, but casual cursive is a combination of joins and pen lifts. The writing style can be further divided as "looped", "italic script, italic", or "connected". The cursive method is used with many alphabets due to infrequent pen lifting which allows increased writing speed. However, more elaborate or ornamental calligraphic styles of writing can be slower to reproduce. In some alphabets, many or all letters in a word are connected, sometimes making a word one single complex stroke. History Cursive is a style of penmanship in which the symbols of the language are writt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
