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Haramiyida
Haramiyida is a possibly Paraphyly, paraphyletic order of Mammaliaformes, mammaliaform cynodonts or mammals of controversial taxonomic affinites. Their teeth, which are by far the most common remains, resemble those of the multituberculates. However, based on ''Haramiyavia'', the jaw is less derived; and at the level of evolution of earlier basal mammals like ''Morganucodon'' and ''Kuehneotherium'', with a groove for Ossicles, ear ossicles on the dentary. Some authors have placed them in a clade with Multituberculata dubbed Allotheria within Mammalia. Other studies have disputed this and suggested the Haramiyida were not crown group mammals, but were part of an earlier offshoot of Mammaliaformes instead, either closely related or unrelated to Multituberculates. It is also disputed whether the Late Triassic species are closely related to the Jurassic and Cretaceous members belonging to Euharamiyida, Euharamiyida/Eleutherodontida, as some phylogenetic studies recover the two groups a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euharamiyida
Euharamiyida also known as Eleutherodontida, is clade of early mammals or mammal-like cynodonts from the Middle Jurassic to Early Cretaceous of Eurasia and possibly North America. The group is sometimes considered a sister group to Multituberculata, or part of an earlier divergence within the synapsid line. It is disputed whether or not they are related to the haramiyids from the Late Triassic, such as '' Haramiyavia''. The morphology of their teeth indicates that they were herbivorous or omnivorous. Some members of the group are known to be arboreal, including gliding forms similar to modern flying squirrels or colugos. Evolution The position of euharamyidans is contested. They are either considered crown group mammals as members of Allotheria, related to multituberculates, or stem-group mammals within Mammaliaformes. The position is often dependent on the relationships of euharamiyids to the Late Triassic haramiyids such as '' Haramiyavia'' and ''Thomasia''. In some studi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalaallitkigun
''Kalaallitkigun'' is an extinct genus of haramiyidan mammaliaforms from the Late Triassic of Greenland. It contains a single species, ''Kalaallitkigun jenkinsi'', which was described in 2020 from a partial dentary (lower jaw) found in the Fleming Fjord Formation. More specifically, it was found in the mid-late Norian (~215 Ma) Carlsberg Fjord beds of the Ørsted Dal Member. It is the oldest of several mammaliaform species discovered in the Late Triassic sediments of Greenland. It is also the oldest mammaliaform with double-rooted teeth, and its pattern of tooth cusps help to clarify the evolution of haramiyidan teeth relative to their morganucodont-like ancestors. Description The holotype and only known specimen consists of a partial dentary preserving two teeth: the first premolariform (pm1) and second molariform (m2). Empty alveoli (sockets) for three more premolariforms and two more molariforms are also present in the preserved portion of the jaw. This gives a total number ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cifelliodon
''Cifelliodon'' is an extinct genus of mammaliaforms from the Lower Cretaceous of North America. In the describing paper, it was considered one of the latest surviving haramiyids yet known, belonging to the family Hahnodontidae. Its discovery led to the proposal to remove hahnodontids from the larger well-known group, the multituberculates. However, later papers have considered it to be a basal allotherian outside of Haramiyida. The sole species in the genus, ''Cifelliodon wahkarmoosuch'', was found in the geological rock unit called the Yellow Cat Member, part of the Cedar Mountain Formation in Grand County, Utah. This rock unit dates to between 139-124 million years old. It was found alongside the remains of several dinosaurs - a large iguanodontian, a dromaeosaur, and an ornithopod - and parts of a crocodyliform. Etymology The genus name, ''Cifelliodon'', means Cifelli's tooth, and honours the well-known mammal palaeontologist, Richard Cifelli. The species name, ''C. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gondwanatheria
Gondwanatheria is an extinct group of mammaliaforms that lived in parts of Gondwana, including Madagascar, India, South America, Africa, and Antarctica during the Upper Cretaceous through the Miocene (and possibly much earlier, if '' Allostaffia'' is a member of this group). Until recently, they were known only from fragmentary remains. They are generally considered to be closely related to the multituberculates and likely the euharamiyidians, well known from the Northern Hemisphere, with which they form the clade Allotheria. Classification For several decades the affinities of the group were not clear, being first interpreted as early xenarthrans, or "toothless" mammals similar to the modern anteater. A variety of studies have placed them as allotheres related to multituberculates, possibly even true multituberculates, closer to cimolodonts than "plagiaulacidans" are. However, a more recent study recovered them as nested among haramiyidans, rendering them as non-mammalian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theroteinida
''Theroteinus'' is an extinct genus of haramiyidan mammaliaforms from the Late Triassic of France and Britain. It contains three species: ''T. nikolai,'' ''T. rosieriensis'' and ''T. jenkinsi'', the former two of which are known exclusively from teeth found at the sand quarry of Saint-Nicolas-de-Port, while ''T. jenkinsi'' is known from a bedded sequence belonging to the Westbury Formation in a road cutting near Holwell, Dorset Holwell is a village and civil parish in the county of Dorset in southern England, situated approximately south-east of Sherborne. It is sited on Oxford clay in the Blackmore Vale. Its name derives from the Old English ''hol'' and ''walu'', mea .... ''Theroteinus'' is the only member of the family Theroteinidae and the suborder Theroteinida. References Haramiyida Late Triassic synapsids of Europe Triassic England Triassic France Fossil taxa described in 1986 Taxa named by Denise Sigogneau-Russell {{Allotherian-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maiopatagium
''Maiopatagium'' is an extinct genus of gliding euharamiyida, euharamiyids which existed in Asia during the Jurassic period. It possessed a patagium between its limbs and presumably had similar lifestyle to living Flying squirrel, flying squirrels and Colugo, colugos. The type species is ''Maiopatagium furculiferum'', which was described from the Tiaojishan Formation by Zhe-Xi Luo in 2017 in paleontology, 2017; it lived in what is now the Liaoning region of China during the late Jurassic (Oxfordian (stage), Oxfordian age). ''Maiopatagium'' and ''Vilevolodon'', described concurrently, offer clues to the ways various synapsids have taken to the skies over evolutionary time scales. A second species, ''M. sibiricum'', was described from the Bathonian aged Itat Formation in western Siberia, Russia in 2019 References Euharamiyida Bathonian life Callovian life Oxfordian life Middle Jurassic synapsids of Asia Late Jurassic synapsids of Asia Jurassic China Fossils of China Paleo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theroteinus
''Theroteinus'' is an extinct genus of haramiyidan mammaliaforms from the Late Triassic of France and Britain. It contains three species: ''T. nikolai,'' ''T. rosieriensis'' and ''T. jenkinsi'', the former two of which are known exclusively from teeth found at the sand quarry of Saint-Nicolas-de-Port, while ''T. jenkinsi'' is known from a bedded sequence belonging to the Westbury Formation in a road cutting near Holwell, Dorset Holwell is a village and civil parish in the county of Dorset in southern England, situated approximately south-east of Sherborne. It is sited on Oxford clay in the Blackmore Vale. Its name derives from the Old English ''hol'' and ''walu'', mea .... ''Theroteinus'' is the only member of the family Theroteinidae and the suborder Theroteinida. References Haramiyida Late Triassic synapsids of Europe Triassic England Triassic France Fossil taxa described in 1986 Taxa named by Denise Sigogneau-Russell {{Allotherian-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cynodont
Cynodontia () is a clade of eutheriodont therapsids that first appeared in the Late Permian (approximately 260 Megaannum, mya), and extensively diversified after the Permian–Triassic extinction event. Mammals are cynodonts, as are their extinct ancestors and close relatives (Mammaliaformes), having evolved from advanced probainognathian cynodonts during the Late Triassic. Non-mammalian cynodonts occupied a variety of ecological niches, both as carnivores and as herbivores. Following the emergence of mammals, most other cynodont lines went extinct, with the last known non-mammaliaform cynodont group, the Tritylodontidae, having its youngest records in the Early Cretaceous. Description Early cynodonts have many of the skeletal characteristics of mammals. The teeth were fully differentiated and the braincase bulged at the back of the head. Outside of some Crown group, crown-group mammals (notably the therians), all cynodonts probably laid eggs. The temporal fenestrae#Fenestra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haramiyavia
''Haramiyavia'' is a genus of synapsid in the clade Haramiyida that existed about 200 million years ago in the Rhaetian stage of the Triassic. Like other haramiyidans, it was likely a non-mammalian mammaliaform. It contains a single species, ''H. clemmenseni'' from the Fleming Fjord Formation of Greenland, and has been assigned to the monogeneric family Haramiyaviidae. Biology A study involving Mesozoic mammaliaform dietary habits ranks it among insectivorous A robber fly eating a hoverfly An insectivore is a carnivorous animal or plant which eats insects. An alternative term is entomophage, which can also refer to the human practice of eating insects. The first vertebrate insectivores we ... taxa.David M. Grossnickle, P. David Polly, Mammal disparity decreases during the Cretaceous angiosperm radiation, Published 2 October 2013.DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2110 References Haramiyida Rhaetian life Late Triassic synapsids of North America Triassic Greenland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
