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Fatty Acid Transport Proteins
Fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs, SLC27, SLC27A) are a family of trans-membrane transport proteins, which allow and enhance the uptake of long chain fatty acids into cells. This subfamily is part of the solute carrier protein family. Within humans this family contains six very homologous proteins, which are expressed in all tissues of the body which use fatty acids: * SLC27A1 (FATP1) Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 * SLC27A2 (FATP2) Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase * SLC27A3 (FATP3) Solute carrier family 27 member 3 * SLC27A4 (FATP4) Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 * SLC27A5 Bile acyl-CoA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC27A5'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase ( VLCS). It is capable of activating very long-chain fatty-acids conta ... (FATP5) Bile acyl-CoA synthetase * SLC27A6 (FATP6) Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 6 References {{Reflist Protein fam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trans-membrane Transport Protein
A membrane transport protein (or simply transporter) is a membrane protein involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules, such as another protein, across a biological membrane. Transport proteins are integral transmembrane proteins; that is they exist permanently within and span the membrane across which they transport substances. The proteins may assist in the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion or active transport. The two main types of proteins involved in such transport are broadly categorized as either ''channels'' or ''carriers''. The solute carriers and atypical SLCs are secondary active or facilitative transporters in humans. Collectively membrane transporters and channels are known as the transportome. Transportomes govern cellular influx and efflux of not only ions and nutrients but drugs as well. Difference between channels and carriers A carrier is not open simultaneously to both the extracellular and intracellular environments. Ei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SLC27A1
Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC27A1'' gene. Structure The SLC27A1 gene is located on the 19th chromosome, with its specific location being 19p13.11. The gene contains 15 exons. SLC27A1 encodes a 71.1 kDa protein that is composed of 646 amino acids; 26 peptides have been observed through mass spectrometry data.] See also * * Solute carrier family References Further reading * * * * * * Solute carrier family {{membrane-protein-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SLC27A2
Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC27A2'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. This isozyme activates long-chain, branched-chain and very long chain fatty acids containing 22 or more carbons to their CoA derivatives. It is expressed primarily in liver and kidney, and is present in both endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes but not in mitochondria. Its decreased peroxisomal enzyme activity is in part responsible for the biochemical pathology in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a disease linked to the X chromosome. It is a result of fatty acid buildup caused by peroxisomal fatt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SLC27A3
Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC27A3'' gene. In melanocytic cells SLC27A3 gene expression may be regulated by MITF Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor also known as class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 32 or bHLHe32 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MITF'' gene. MITF is a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor .... See also * * Solute carrier family References Further reading * * * * * * Solute carrier family Acyl-CoA synthetase {{membrane-protein-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SLC27A4
Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC27A4'' gene. This membrane protein is also called FATP4 or ACSVL5 (very long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 5). The purified protein shows enzyme activity (EC 6.2.1.3), esterifying long and very long chain fatty acids with Coenzyme A. It is debated whether it is also a fatty acid transporter at the plasma membrane. See also * Solute carrier family References Further reading * * * * * * Solute carrier family {{membrane-protein-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SLC27A5
Bile acyl-CoA synthetase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC27A5'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase ( VLCS). It is capable of activating very long-chain fatty-acids containing 24- and 26-carbons. It is expressed in liver and associated with endoplasmic reticulum but not with peroxisome A peroxisome () is a membrane-bound organelle, a type of microbody, found in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. Peroxisomes are oxidative organelles. Frequently, molecular oxygen serves as a co-substrate, from which hydrogen ...s. Its primary role is in fatty acid elongation or complex lipid synthesis rather than in degradation. This gene has a mouse ortholog. See also * Solute carrier family References Further reading * * * * * * * Solute carrier family {{gene-19-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SLC27A6
Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SLC27A6'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the fatty acid transport protein family (FATP). FATPs are involved in the uptake of long-chain fatty acids In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, fr ... and have unique expression patterns. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. See also * Solute carrier family References Further reading * * * * * * Solute carrier family Acyl-CoA synthetase {{gene-5-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protein Families
A protein family is a group of evolutionarily related proteins. In many cases, a protein family has a corresponding gene family, in which each gene encodes a corresponding protein with a 1:1 relationship. The term "protein family" should not be confused with family as it is used in taxonomy. Proteins in a family descend from a common ancestor and typically have similar three-dimensional structures, functions, and significant sequence similarity. The most important of these is sequence similarity (usually amino-acid sequence), since it is the strictest indicator of homology and therefore the clearest indicator of common ancestry. A fairly well developed framework exists for evaluating the significance of similarity between a group of sequences using sequence alignment methods. Proteins that do not share a common ancestor are very unlikely to show statistically significant sequence similarity, making sequence alignment a powerful tool for identifying the members of protein famil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
