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Documentalist
A documentalist is a professional, trained in documentation science and specializing in assisting researchers in their search for scientific and technical documentation. With the development of bibliographical databases such as MEDLINE, documentalists were professionals who searched such databases on the behalf of users. When the field of documentation changed its name to information science, the terms information specialist or information professional often replaced the term documentalist. See also * Archivist * Information scientist * Information professional * Librarian Literature * Bowles, M. D. (1999)The information wars: Two cultures and the conflict in information retrieval, 1945-1999 In: M. E. Bowden, T. B. Hahn, & R. V. Williams (Eds.) (pp. 156–166). Medford, NJ: Information Today, Inc. for the American Society for Information Science and the Chemical Heritage Foundation. * Bradford, S. C. (1953). Documentation. 2nd ed. With an introd. by Jesse H. Shera an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Documentation Science
Documentation science is the study of the wikt:recording, recording and Information retrieval, retrieval of information. It includes methods for storing, retrieving, and sharing of information captured on physical as well as digital documents. This field is closely linked to the fields of Library and information science, library science and information science but has its own theories and practices. The term documentation science was coined by Belgian lawyer and peace activist Paul Otlet. He is considered to be the forefather of information science. He along with Henri La Fontaine laid the foundations of documentation science as a field of study. Professionals in this field are called ''documentalists.'' Over the years, documentation science has grown to become a large and important field of study. Evolving from traditional practices like archiving and retrieval to modern theories about the nature of documents, novel methods for organizing digital information, and applications i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibliographical Database
A bibliographic database is a database of bibliographic records. This is an organised online collection of references to published written works like journal and newspaper articles, conference proceedings, reports, government and legal publications, patents and books. In contrast to library catalogue entries, a majority of the records in bibliographic databases describe articles and conference papers rather than complete monographs, and they generally contain very rich subject descriptions in the form of keywords, subject classification terms, or abstracts. A bibliographic database may cover a wide range of topics or one academic field like computer science. A significant number of bibliographic databases are marketed under a trade name by licensing agreement from vendors, or directly from their makers: the indexing and abstracting services. Many bibliographic databases have evolved into digital libraries, providing the full text of the organised contents:for instance CORE als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, or MEDLARS Online) is a bibliographic database of life sciences and biomedical information. It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic journals covering medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, and health care. MEDLINE also covers much of the literature in biology and biochemistry, as well as fields such as molecular evolution. Compiled by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), MEDLINE is freely available on the Internet and searchable via PubMed and NLM's National Center for Biotechnology Information's Entrez system. History MEDLARS (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System) was a computerised biomedical bibliographic retrieval system. It was launched by the National Library of Medicine in 1964 and was the first large-scale, computer-based, retrospective search service available to the general public. Initial development of MEDLARS Since ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Information Professional
An information professional or information specialist is someone who collects, records, organises, stores, preserves, retrieves, and disseminates printed or digital information. The service delivered to the client is known as an information service. The versatile term "information professional" is used to describe similar and sometimes overlapping professions, such as librarians, archivists, information managers, information systems specialists , information scientists, records managers, and information consultants, but terminology differs among sources and organisations. Information professionals work in a variety of private, public, and academic institutions, or independently. Skills Since the term information professional is broad, the skills required for this profession are also varied. A Gartner report in 2011 pointed out that "Professional roles focused on information management will be different to that of established IT roles. An 'information professional' will not be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archivist
An archivist is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to records and archives determined to have long-term value. The records maintained by an archivist can consist of a variety of forms, including letters, diaries, logs, other personal documents, government documents, sound or picture recordings, digital files, or other physical objects. Description As Richard Pearce-Moses wrote: Determining what records have enduring value can be challenging. Archivists must also select records valuable enough to justify the costs of storage and preservation, plus the labor-intensive expenses of arrangement, description, and reference service. The theory and scholarly work underpinning archives practices is called archival science. The most common related occupations are librarians, museum curators, and records managers. The occupation of archivist is distinct from that of librarian. The two occupations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Information Scientist
The term information scientist developed in the latter part of the twentieth century by Wm. Hovey Smith to describe an individual, usually with a relevant subject degree (such as one in Information and Computer Science - CIS) or high level of subject knowledge, providing focused information to scientific and technical research staff in industry. It is a role quite distinct from and complementary to that of a librarian. Developments in end-user searching, together with some convergence between the roles of librarian and information scientist, have led to a diminution in its use in this context, and the term information officer or ''information professional'' (''information specialist'') are also now used. The term was, and is, also used for an individual carrying out research in information science. Brian C. Vickery mentions that the ''Institute of Information Scientists'' (IIS) was established in London during 1958 and lists the criteria put forward by this institute "Criteria for I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Information Professional
An information professional or information specialist is someone who collects, records, organises, stores, preserves, retrieves, and disseminates printed or digital information. The service delivered to the client is known as an information service. The versatile term "information professional" is used to describe similar and sometimes overlapping professions, such as librarians, archivists, information managers, information systems specialists , information scientists, records managers, and information consultants, but terminology differs among sources and organisations. Information professionals work in a variety of private, public, and academic institutions, or independently. Skills Since the term information professional is broad, the skills required for this profession are also varied. A Gartner report in 2011 pointed out that "Professional roles focused on information management will be different to that of established IT roles. An 'information professional' will not be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Librarian
A librarian is a person who professionally works managing information. Librarians' common activities include providing access to information, conducting research, creating and managing information systems, creating, leading, and evaluating educational programs, and providing instruction on information literacy to users. The role of the librarian has changed over time, with the past century in particular bringing many new media and technologies into play. From the earliest libraries in the ancient world to the modern information hub, there have been keepers and disseminators of the information held in data stores. Roles and responsibilities vary widely depending on the type of library, the specialty of the librarian, and the functions needed to maintain collections and make them available to its users. Education for librarianship has changed over time to reflect changing roles. History The ancient world The Sumerians were the first to train clerks to keep records of accounts. '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel C
Samuel is a figure who, in the narratives of the Hebrew Bible, plays a key role in the transition from the biblical judges to the Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy), United Kingdom of Israel under Saul, and again in the monarchy's transition from Saul to David. He is Veneration, venerated as a prophet in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In addition to his role in the Bible, Samuel is mentioned in Jewish rabbinic literature, rabbinical literature, in the Christian New Testament, and in the second chapter of the Quran (although the text does not mention him by name). He is also treated in the fifth through seventh books of ''Antiquities of the Jews'', written by the Jewish scholar Josephus in the first century. He is first called "the Seer" in Books of Samuel, 1 Samuel 9:9. Biblical account Family Samuel's mother was Hannah (biblical figure), Hannah and his father was Elkanah. Elkanah lived at Ramathaim-Zophim, Ramathaim in the district of Zuph. His genealogy is also found in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesse Shera
Jesse Hauk Shera (December 8, 1903 – March 8, 1982) was an American librarian and information scientist who pioneered the use of information technology in libraries and played a role in the expansion of its use in other areas throughout the 1950s, 60s, and 70s. Early life and education He was born in Oxford, Ohio on December 8, 1903, the only child of parents Charles, and Jessie Shera. His hometown of Oxford was a farming community and the home of Miami University. Shera went to William McGuffey High School, and graduated in 1921. While attending high school he played the drums in the school band, was a member of the debate team, a cheerleader, and he was the senior class president. He lived in Oxford until after he obtained his undergraduate degree from Miami University. In 1925 Miami University awarded Shera with a B.A. in English with honors. Shera later went on to earn a master's degree in English literature from Yale University in 1927 and a Doctorate from the Unive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugene Garfield
Eugene Eli Garfield (September 16, 1925 – February 26, 2017) was an American linguistics, linguist and businessman, one of the founders of bibliometrics and scientometrics. He helped to create ''Current Contents'', ''Science Citation Index'' (SCI), ''Journal Citation Reports'', and ''Index Chemicus'', among others, and founded the magazine ''The Scientist (magazine), The Scientist''. Early life and education Garfield was born in 1925 in New York City as Eugene Eli Garfinkle, his mother being of Lithuanian Jews, Lithuanian Jewish ancestry. His parents were second generation immigrants living in East Bronx in New York City. He studied at the University of Colorado and University of California, Berkeley before getting a Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry from Columbia University in 1949. Garfield also received a degree in Library Science from Columbia University in 1953. He went on to do his PhD in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Pennsylvania, which he comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
