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Crostata
''Crostata'' () is an Italian baked tart or pie. The earliest known use of ''crostata'' in its modern sense can be traced to the cookbooks ''Libro de Arte Coquinaria'' (''Book of the Art of Cooking'') by Martino da Como, published , and ''Cuoco napolitano'' (''Neapolitan Cook''), published in the late 15th century, containing a recipe (number 94) titled ''Crostata de Caso, Pane, etc.''. ''Crostata'' is a "rustic free-form version of an open fruit tart" that may also be baked in a pie plate. Historically, it also referred to an "open-faced sandwich or canapé" because of its crusted appearance, or a ''chewet'', a type of meat pie. Etymology The name derives from the Latin word ''crustāta'', the feminine past participle of ''crustāre'' ('to encrust'), and ultimately from the noun ''crusta'' ('crust'). The French term '' croustade'' derives from it, from which the English term ''custard'' derives. The word ''crostata'' appeared in the earliest Italian dictionaries, inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Torta
Torta is a culinary term that can, depending on the cuisine, refer to cakes, pies, flatbreads, sandwiches, or omelettes. Usually, it refers to: * cake or pie in South America, much of Europe, and southern Philippines * flatbread in Spain * a type of sandwich in Mexico * a type of omelette in northern Tagalog-speaking areas of the Philippines. Etymology The word comes from the Spanish ''torta'' (), itself from Late Latin ''torta'', an abbreviation of ''torta panis'' ("twisted bread"). 'Torth' – Welsh for 'loaf' is of the same derivation (Latin: torta). The English word "tart" is related. Cakes Latin America and Spain In some countries of Latin America, the word ''torta'', in a very common usage, is for sweet cakes (tortes), such as a Wedding cake, wedding or birthday cake. This meaning is also present in other European languages. For example, the Italian language, Italian ''torta'', German language, German ''Torte'' or French language, French ''tarte''. In Mexico, "t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Custard
Custard is a variety of culinary preparations based on sweetened milk, cheese, or cream cooked with Eggs as food, egg or egg yolk to thicken it, and sometimes also flour, corn starch, or gelatin. Depending on the recipe, custard may vary in consistency from a thin pouring sauce () to the thick pastry cream () used to fill éclairs. The most common custards are used in List of custard desserts, custard desserts or dessert sauces and typically include sugar and vanilla; however, Umami, savory custards are also found, e.g., in quiche. Preparation Custard is usually cooked in a double boiler (''bain-marie''), or heated very gently in a saucepan on a stove, though custard can also be steamed, baked in the oven with or without a Bain-marie, water bath, or even cooked in a Pressure cooking, pressure cooker. Custard preparation is a delicate operation because a ''temperature'' increase of leads to overcooking and curdling. Generally, a fully cooked custard should not exceed ; it begins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tart
A tart is a baked dish consisting of a filling over a pastry base with an open top not covered with pastry. The pastry is usually shortcrust pastry; the filling may be sweet or savoury, though modern tarts are usually fruit-based, sometimes with custard. Tartlet refers to a miniature tart; an example would be egg tarts. The categories of "tart", "Flan (pie), flan", and "pie" overlap, with no sharp distinctions. History The French language, French word ''tarte'' can be translated to mean either pie or tart, as both are mainly the same except a pie usually covers the filling in pastry, while flans and tarts leave it open. While many tarts are also wikt:tart, tart, in the sense of sour in taste, this appears to be a coincidence; the etymologies of the two senses of the word are quite separate. Tarts are thought to have either come from a tradition of layering food or to be a product of medieval pie making. Enriched dough (i.e. shortcrust) is thought to have been first commonly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Custard
Custard is a variety of culinary preparations based on sweetened milk, cheese, or cream cooked with Eggs as food, egg or egg yolk to thicken it, and sometimes also flour, corn starch, or gelatin. Depending on the recipe, custard may vary in consistency from a thin pouring sauce () to the thick pastry cream () used to fill éclairs. The most common custards are used in List of custard desserts, custard desserts or dessert sauces and typically include sugar and vanilla; however, Umami, savory custards are also found, e.g., in quiche. Preparation Custard is usually cooked in a double boiler (''bain-marie''), or heated very gently in a saucepan on a stove, though custard can also be steamed, baked in the oven with or without a Bain-marie, water bath, or even cooked in a Pressure cooking, pressure cooker. Custard preparation is a delicate operation because a ''temperature'' increase of leads to overcooking and curdling. Generally, a fully cooked custard should not exceed ; it begins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Croustade
A croustade is a French culinary term meaning a crust or pie-crust of any type. They are usually made of flaky pastry or puff pastry, but there are also bread croustades (''croustade de pain de mie''), potato croustades (''petites croustades en pommes de terre duchesse''), rice, semolina and vermicelli croustades, among others. The term is derived from the Occitan and Catalan term ''crostada'', which derive from Italian ''crostata'', and the English term custard Custard is a variety of culinary preparations based on sweetened milk, cheese, or cream cooked with Eggs as food, egg or egg yolk to thicken it, and sometimes also flour, corn starch, or gelatin. Depending on the recipe, custard may vary in con ... derives from it. Skeat: 1911. Page 125. Notes References * * * Basque cuisine Catalan cuisine French pastries Occitan cuisine {{france-dessert-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Tart
A tart is a baked dish consisting of a filling over a pastry base with an open top not covered with pastry. The pastry is usually shortcrust pastry; the filling may be sweet or savoury, though modern tarts are usually fruit-based, sometimes with custard. Tartlet refers to a miniature tart; an example would be egg tarts. The categories of "tart", "Flan (pie), flan", and "pie" overlap, with no sharp distinctions. History The French language, French word ''tarte'' can be translated to mean either pie or tart, as both are mainly the same except a pie usually covers the filling in pastry, while flans and tarts leave it open. While many tarts are also wikt:tart, tart, in the sense of sour in taste, this appears to be a coincidence; the etymologies of the two senses of the word are quite separate. Tarts are thought to have either come from a tradition of layering food or to be a product of medieval pie making. Enriched dough (i.e. shortcrust) is thought to have been first commonly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Italy
Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land border, as well as List of islands of Italy, nearly 800 islands, notably Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares land borders with France to the west; Switzerland and Austria to the north; Slovenia to the east; and the two enclaves of Vatican City and San Marino. It is the List of European countries by area, tenth-largest country in Europe by area, covering , and the third-most populous member state of the European Union, with nearly 59 million inhabitants. Italy's capital and List of cities in Italy, largest city is Rome; other major cities include Milan, Naples, Turin, Palermo, Bologna, Florence, Genoa, and Venice. The history of Italy goes back to numerous List of ancient peoples of Italy, Italic peoples—notably including the ancient Romans, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Shortcrust Pastry
Shortcrust is a type of pastry often used for the base of a tart, quiche, pie, or (in the British English sense) flan. Shortcrust pastry can be used to make both sweet and savory pies such as apple pie, quiche, lemon meringue or chicken pie. A sweetened version – using butter – is used in making spritz cookies. Shortcrust pastry recipes usually call for twice as much flour as fat by weight. Fat (as lard, shortening, butter or traditional margarine) is rubbed into plain flour to create a loose mixture that is then bound using a small amount of ice water, rolled out, then shaped and placed to create the top or bottom of a pie. Often, equal amounts of butter and lard are used to make the pastry, ensuring that the combined weight of the two fat products is still half that of the flour. The butter is employed to give the pastry a rich flavor, while the lard ensures optimum texture. Types * ''Pâte à foncer'' is a French shortcrust pastry that includes egg. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Blind-baking
Baking blind (sometimes called pre-baking) is the process of baking a pie crust or other pastry without the filling. Blind baking a pie crust is necessary when it will be filled with an unbaked filling (such as with pudding or cream pies), in which case the crust must be fully baked. It is also called for if the filling has a shorter bake time than the crust, in which case the crust is partly baked. Blind baking is also used to keep pie crust from becoming soggy due to a wet filling. Blind baking can be accomplished by different methods. In one technique, the pie crust is lined with aluminium foil or parchment paper, then filled with pastry- or pie weights (sometimes called "baking beans") to ensure the crust retains its shape while baking. Pie-weights are available as ceramic or metal beads, but rice, dried peas, lentils, beans or other Pulse (legume), pulses can be used instead. When using this method for a fully baked crust, the weights are removed before the pre-baking is c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Prunus Cerasus
''Prunus cerasus'' (sour cherry, tart cherry, or dwarf cherry) is an Old World species of ''Prunus'' in the subgenus ''Prunus subg. Cerasus, Cerasus'' (cherries). It has two main groups of cultivars: the dark-red Morello cherry and the lighter-red Amarelle cherry. The sour pulp is edible. Description The tree is smaller than the sweet cherry (growing to a height of 4–10 m), has twiggy branches, and its crimson-to-near-black cherries are borne upon shorter stalks. It is closely related to the sweet cherry (''Prunus avium''), but has a fruit that is more acidic. Its fruit persistence (botany), persists for an average of 17.4 days, and always bears 1 seed per fruit. Fruits average 84.9% water, and their dry matter, dry weight includes 39.7% carbohydrates and 1.0% lipids. Taxonomy ''Prunus cerasus'', a tetraploid with 2n=32 chromosomes, is thought to have originated as a natural hybrid between ''Prunus avium'' and ''Prunus fruticosa'' in the Iranian Plateau or Eastern Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Bartolomeo Scappi
Bartolomeo Scappi ( – 13 April 1577) was a famous Italian Renaissance chef and food writer, best known for his high profile clients, including being the personal chef of Pope Pius IV. Biography Scappi came from Dumenza in Lombardy, Italy, according to the inscription on a stone plaque in the church of Luino.. In April 1536, he organised a banquet while in the service of Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggio. He served several other cardinals after this, then began to serve pope Pius IV, entering the service of the Vatican kitchen. He continued to work as a chef for pope Pius V. Scappi is often considered one of the first internationally renowned celebrity chefs. He gained new fame in 1570 when his monumental cookbook, , was published. In the book, he lists about 1,000 recipes of Renaissance cuisine and describes cooking techniques and tools, giving the first known picture of a fork.. He declared Parmesan to be the best cheese on earth,. and noted that "the liver of domestic goos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Plum
A plum is a fruit of some species in Prunus subg. Prunus, ''Prunus'' subg. ''Prunus''''.'' Dried plums are often called prunes, though in the United States they may be labeled as 'dried plums', especially during the 21st century. Plums are likely to have been one of the first fruits domesticated by humans, with origins in Eastern Europe, East European and Caucasus Mountains, Caucasian mountains and China. They were brought to Great Britain, Britain from Asia, and their cultivation has been documented in Andalusia, southern Spain. Plums are a diverse group of species, with trees reaching a height of when pruned. The fruit is a drupe, with a firm and juicy flesh. China is the largest producer of plums, followed by Romania and Serbia. Japanese or Chinese plums dominate the fresh fruit market, while European plums are also common in some regions. Plums can be eaten fresh, dried to make prunes, used in Fruit preserves, jams, or fermented into fruit wine, wine and distilled into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |