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Contrarian Investing
Contrarian investing is an investment strategy that is characterized by purchasing and selling in contrast to the prevailing sentiment of the time. A contrarian believes that certain crowd behavior among investors can lead to exploitable mispricings in securities markets. For example, widespread pessimism about a stock can drive a price so low that it overstates the company's risks, and understates its prospects for returning to profitability. Identifying and purchasing such distressed stocks, and selling them after the company recovers, can lead to above-average gains. Conversely, widespread optimism can result in unjustifiably high valuations that will eventually lead to drops, when those high expectations do not pan out. Avoiding investments in over-hyped investments reduces the risk of such drops. These general principles can apply whether the investment in question is an individual stock, an industry sector, or an entire market or any other asset class. Some contrarians h ...
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Investment Strategy
In finance, an investment strategy is a set of rules, behaviors or procedures, designed to guide an investor's selection of an investment portfolio. Individuals have different profit objectives, and their individual skills make different tactics and strategies appropriate. Some choices involve a tradeoff between risk and return. Most investors fall somewhere in between, accepting some risk for the expectation of higher returns. In the field of economics, this decision is driven by finding the investment strategy that has the highest utility. Investors frequently pick investments to hedge themselves against inflation. During periods of high inflation investments such as shares tend to perform less well in real terms. The time horizon of investments also influences the strategy to be followed. Investments such as shares should be invested into with the time frame of a minimum of 5 years in mind. It is recommended in finance a minimum of 6 months to 12 months expenses in a rainy-da ...
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Benjamin Graham
Benjamin Graham (; Given name, né Grossbaum; May 9, 1894 – September 21, 1976) was a British-born American financial analyst, economist, accountant, investor and professor. He is widely known as the "father of value investing", and wrote two of the discipline's founding texts: Security Analysis (book), ''Security Analysis'' (1934) with David Dodd, and ''The Intelligent Investor'' (1949). His investment philosophy stressed independent thinking, emotional detachment, and careful security analysis, emphasizing the importance of distinguishing the price of a stock from the value of its underlying business. After graduating from Columbia University at age 20, Graham started his career on Wall Street, eventually founding Graham–Newman Corp., a successful mutual fund. He also taught investing for many years at Columbia Business School, where one of his students was Warren Buffett. Graham later taught at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, Anderson School of Management at the Un ...
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Forbes Magazine
''Forbes'' () is an American business magazine founded by B. C. Forbes in 1917. It has been owned by the Hong Kong–based investment group Integrated Whale Media Investments since 2014. Its chairman and editor-in-chief is Steve Forbes. The company is headquartered in Jersey City, New Jersey. Sherry Phillips is the current CEO of Forbes as of January 1, 2025. Published eight times per year, ''Forbes'' feature articles on finance, industry, investing, and marketing topics. It also reports on related subjects such as technology, communications, science, politics, and law. It has an international edition in Asia as well as editions produced under license in 27 countries and regions worldwide. The magazine is known for its lists and rankings, including its lists of the richest Americans (the ''Forbes'' 400), of 30 notable people under the age of 30 (the ''Forbes'' 30 under 30), of America's wealthiest celebrities, of the world's top companies (the ''Forbes'' Global 2000), of ...
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David Dreman
David Dreman (born 1936) is an investor, who founded and is chairman of Dreman Value Management, an investment company. Dreman has published many scholarly articles and he has written four books. Dreman also writes a column for ''Forbes'' magazine. Dreman is on the board of directors of thInstitute of Behavioral Finance publisher of the Journal of Behavioral Finance. Personal Dreman was born in Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada in 1936. His father, Joseph Dreman, was a prominent trader on the Winnipeg Commodity Exchange for many years. Education David Dreman graduated from the University of Manitoba in 1958. Career After graduating, he worked as director of research for Rauscher Pierce, senior investment officer with J. & W. Seligman & Co., Seligman, and senior editor of the Value Line Investment Service. In 1977, he founded his first investment firm, Dreman Value Management, LLC., and has served as its president and chairman. The Dreman fund family was eventuall ...
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Marc Faber
Marc Faber (born February 28, 1946; nicknamed "Dr. Doom") is a Swiss investor based in Thailand. He is the publisher of the ''Gloom Boom & Doom Report'' newsletter, and the director of Marc Faber Ltd, which acts as an investment advisor and fund manager."Faber, Marc" in ''Who's Who of the Asian Pacific Rim, Volume 6'', pg. 105. Published by Barons Who's Who, 1998. Faber also serves as director, advisor, and shareholder of a number of investment funds that focus on emerging and frontier markets, including Asia Frontier Capital Ltd.'s AFC Asia Frontier Fund. Faber is credited for advising his clients to get out of the stock market before the October 1987 crash, and with in 2005-06 writing extensively about an impending crash of home prices, prior to the 2008 financial crisis. In 2017 he was criticized for racist remarks. Career Faber was born in Zurich, Switzerland, and schooled in Zurich and Geneva, where he raced for the Swiss National Ski Team (B-Team). He studied economics ...
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Jim Rogers
James Beeland Rogers Jr. (born October 19, 1942) is an American investor and financial commentator based in Singapore. He is the chairman of Beeland Interests, Inc. He was the co-founder of the Quantum Fund and Soros Fund Management. He was also the creator of the Rogers International Commodities Index (RICI). Rogers does not consider himself a member of any school of economic thought, but has acknowledged that his views best fit the label of the Austrian School of economics. Early life Rogers was born in Baltimore, Maryland and raised in Demopolis, Alabama. In 1964, Rogers graduated with a bachelor's degree, ''cum laude'', in history from Yale University. He got his first job on Wall Street, at Dominick & Dominick. In 1966, he acquired a second BA degree in philosophy, politics and economics from the University of Oxford, as a member of Balliol College. Business career In 1964, Rogers joined Dominick & Dominick LLC on Wall Street, where he first learned about stocks and ...
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Michael Lee-Chin
Michael Lee-Chin (born 3 January 1951) is a Jamaican-Canadian billionaire businessman, philanthropist and the chairman and CEO of Portland Holdings Inc, a privately held investment company in Ontario, Canada. Lee-Chin was appointed to the Order of Ontario in 2017. In 2016, Lee-Chin was appointed chairman of the government of Jamaica's Economic Growth Council (EGC). Lee-Chin has made several large pledges and/or donations in Canada to the Royal Ontario Museum in 2003, the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto, McMaster University and the Joseph Brant Hospital Foundation. Lee-Chin served as chancellor of Wilfrid Laurier University. Background Lee-Chin was born in Port Antonio, Jamaica, in 1951 to Aston Lee and Hyacinth Gloria Chen. Both his parents were biracial African and Jamaican-Chinese. When Lee-Chin was aged seven, his mother married Vincent Chen who had a son from a previous relationship, and the couple had seven children together, six boys and on ...
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Dodge & Cox
Dodge & Cox is an American mutual fund company, founded in 1930 by Van Duyn Dodge and E. Morris Cox, that provides professional investment management services. Background Dodge & Cox specializes in value investing and often uses contrarian strategies by emphasizing companies which they believe have good long-term prospects but have suffered temporary setbacks. The firm has been described as "best known for its conservatively managed funds with solid track records and modest fees." Having been created during the Great Depression, the firm has "a razor sharp focus on capital preservation". Co-founder E. Morris Cox, who worked at the firm into his 90s, objected to widespread practices he considered unethical during the early 20th Century history of investment banking and thus Dodge & Cox developed policies putting customer interests as a top priority. Dodge & Cox practices a team-based management strategy and as of 2020, the firm had US$325 billion in assets under management, and ...
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Shortsightedness
Myopia, also known as near-sightedness and short-sightedness, is an eye condition where light from distant objects focuses in front of, instead of on, the retina. As a result, distant objects appear blurry, while close objects appear normal. Other symptoms may include headaches and eye strain. Severe myopia is associated with an increased risk of macular degeneration, retinal detachment, cataracts, and glaucoma. Myopia results from the length of the eyeball growing too long or less commonly the lens being too strong. It is a type of refractive error. Diagnosis is by the use of cycloplegics during eye examination. Tentative evidence indicates that the risk of myopia can be decreased by having young children spend more time outside. This decrease in risk may be related to natural light exposure. Myopia can be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or by refractive surgery. Eyeglasses are the simplest and safest method of correction. Contact lenses can provide a relatively ...
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Warren Buffett
Warren Edward Buffett ( ; born August 30, 1930) is an American investor and philanthropist who currently serves as the chairman and CEO of the conglomerate holding company Berkshire Hathaway. As a result of his investment success, Buffett is one of the best-known investors in the world. According to ''Forbes'', as of May 2025, Buffett's estimated net worth stood at US$160.2 billion, making him the fifth-richest individual in the world. Buffett was born in Omaha, Nebraska. The son of U.S. congressman and businessman Howard Buffett, he developed an interest in business and investing during his youth. He entered the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1947 before graduating from the University of Nebraska at 20. He went on to graduate from Columbia Business School, where he molded his investment philosophy around the concept of value investing pioneered by Benjamin Graham. He attended New York Institute of Finance to focus on his economics background and soon ...
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Herbalife
Herbalife Nutrition Ltd., also called Herbalife International, Inc. (with a U.S. subsidiary called Herbalife International of America) or simply Herbalife, is an American multinational multi-level marketing (MLM) corporation that develops and sells dietary supplements. The company has been alleged to have fraudulently operated a pyramid scheme; under an SEC agreement in 2016 the compensation and other benefits were restructured to include tying distributor rewards to verifiable sales. Some products sold by Herbalife have caused acute hepatitis. The business is incorporated in the Cayman Islands, a tax haven, with its corporate headquarters located in Los Angeles, California. The company was founded by Mark R. Hughes in 1980, and employs an estimated 9,900 people worldwide. The company operates in 95 countries through a network of approximately 4.5 million independent distributors and members. In October 2022, previous CEO Michael O. Johnson was appointed as Chairman and i ...
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Market Sentiment
Market sentiment, also known as investor attention, is the general prevailing attitude of investors as to anticipated price development in a market. This attitude is the accumulation of a variety of fundamental and technical factors, including price history, economic reports, seasonal factors, and national and world events. If investors expect upward price movement in the stock market, the sentiment is said to be ''bullish''. On the contrary, if the market sentiment is ''bearish'', most investors expect downward price movement. Market participants who maintain a static sentiment, regardless of market conditions, are described as ''permabulls'' and ''permabears'' respectively. Market sentiment is usually considered as a contrarian indicator: what most people expect is a good thing to bet against. Market sentiment is used because it is believed to be a good predictor of market moves, especially when it is more extreme. Very bearish sentiment is usually followed by the market going ...
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