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Compulsory Figures
Compulsory figures or school figures were formerly a segment of figure skating, and gave the sport its name. They are the "circular patterns which skaters trace on the ice to demonstrate skill in placing clean turns evenly on round circles". For approximately the first 50 years of figure skating as a sport, until 1947, compulsory figures made up 60 percent of the total score at most competitions around the world. These figures continued to dominate the sport, although they steadily declined in importance, until the International Skating Union (ISU) voted to discontinue them as a part of competitions in 1990. Learning and training in compulsory figures instilled discipline and control; some in the figure skating community considered them necessary to teach skaters basic skills. Skaters would train for hours to learn and execute them well, and competing and judging figures would often take up to eight hours during competitions. Skaters traced compulsory figures, and were judged acco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K1217-0035, Sonja Morgenstern
The German Federal Archives or Bundesarchiv (BArch) (, lit. "Federal Archive") are the national archives of Germany. They were established at the current location in Koblenz in 1952. They are subordinated to the Federal Commissioner for Culture and the Media (Claudia Roth since 2021) under the German Chancellery, and before 1998, to the Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany), Federal Ministry of the Interior. On 6 December 2008, the Archives donated 100,000 photos to the public, by making them accessible via Wikimedia Commons. History The federal archive for institutions and authorities in Germany, the first precursor to the present-day Federal Archives, was established in Potsdam, Brandenburg in 1919, a later date than in other European countries. This national archive documented German government dating from the founding of the North German Confederation in 1867. It also included material from the older German Confederation and the Imperial Chamber Court. The oldest docum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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1896 World Figure Skating Championships
The 1896 World Figure Skating Championships was an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion. The first competition took place on February 9, 1896 in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl .... In 1895, the International Skating Union organized the first World Figure Skating Championships committee, which consisted of 5 people. This committee was entrusted with preparation and presentation of the figure skating rules. ISU also confirmed that World Figure Skating Championships will be held and that in the meantime men skaters should comply with the rules not yet published.Absalyamova I. The first World Figure Skating Championships // ''Cente ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Irving Brokaw Skater
Irving may refer to: People *Irving (name), including a list of people with the name Fictional characters * Irving, the main character's love interest in Cathy (comic strip) * Lloyd Irving, the main protagonist in the ''Tales of Symphonia'' video game * Irving, A recycling collecting chugger Places Canada * Irving Nature Park, a park in Saint John, N.B. United States *Irving, California, former name of Irvington, California *Irving, Illinois * Irving, Iowa *Irving (Duluth), Minnesota * Irving, New York *Irving, Texas * Irving, Wisconsin, a town ** Irving (community), Wisconsin, an unincorporated community * Irving Park, Chicago, Illinois * Irving Township, Montgomery County, Illinois * Irving Township, Michigan * Irving Township, Minnesota * Lake Irving, a lake in Minnesota Companies * Irving Group of Companies, Canadian conglomerate based in Saint John, New Brunswick, controlled by the Irving family, including: ** J. D. Irving, a conglomerate with holdings in forestry, pul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Irving Brokaw
Isaac Irving Brokaw (March 29, 1871 – March 18, 1939) was an American figure skater, artist, lawyer, and financier. He represented the United States at the 1908 Summer Olympics in the figure skating competition, becoming the first American to compete in a sport included in the Winter Olympic program. After he won an international prize in Switzerland, he brought the International Style of skating back to the United States. His book, ''The Art of Skating'', was known as the figure skater's bible. Personal life and family He was born in New York City on March 29, 1871, as Isaac Irving Brokaw to Isaac Vail Brokaw and Elvira Tuttle Gould. He was a member of a wealthy New York City family, his father having founded the Brokaw Brothers men's clothing stores. His brothers were lawyer and sportsman George Tuttle Brokaw (whose first wife was Clare Boothe (later Clare Boothe Luce), Howard Crosby Brokaw, and Frederick Brokaw, who drowned at Elberon, New Jersey, while a student at Prin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Debi Thomas
Debra Janine Thomas (born March 25, 1967) is an American figure skater and physician. She is the 1986 World champion, the 1988 Olympic bronze medalist, and a two-time U.S. national champion. Her rivalry with East Germany's Katarina Witt at the 1988 Calgary Olympics was known as the Battle of the Carmens. Early life Thomas was born in Poughkeepsie, New York, and grew up in San Jose, California. Her parents divorced when she was young. Her mother worked as a computer programming analyst in Sunnyvale, California. Skating career Thomas started skating at age 5 in San Jose. She competed in her first figure skating competition at age 9, finishing in first place. From then on, she was hooked on competitive skating. She attributes most of her success to her mother who sacrificed to drive her over 100 miles a day between home, school, and the ice rink. As a young child, Thomas was coached by Barbara Toigo Vitkovits at Eastridge Mall in San Jose. At age 10, Thomas was introduced t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Figure Skating Spins
Spins are an element in figure skating in which the skater rotates, centered on a single point on the ice, while holding one or more body positions. They are performed by all disciplines of the sport, single skating, pair skating, and ice dance, and are a required element in most figure skating competitions. As ''The New York Times'' says, "While jumps look like sport, spins look more like art. While jumps provide the suspense, spins provide the scenery, but there is so much more to the scenery than most viewers have time or means to grasp". According to world champion and figure skating commentator Scott Hamilton (figure skater), Scott Hamilton, spins are often used "as breathing points or transitions to bigger things". Figure skating spins, along with Figure skating jumps, jumps, spirals, and spread eagles were originally individual compulsory figures, sometimes special figures. Unlike jumps, spins were a "graceful and appreciated" part of figure skating throughout the 19th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Figure Skating Jumps
Figure skating jumps are an element of three competitive figure skating disciplines: Single skating, men's singles, women's singles, and pair skatingbut not ice dancing. Jumping in figure skating is "relatively recent". They were originally individual compulsory figures, and sometimes special figures; many jumps were named after the skaters who invented them or from the figures from which they were developed. Jumps may be performed individually or in combination with each other. It was not until the early part of the 20th century, well after the establishment of organized skating competitions, when jumps with the potential of being completed with multiple revolutions were invented and when jumps were formally categorized. In the 1920s, Austrian skaters began to perform the first double jumps in practice. Skaters experimented with jumps, and by the end of the period, the modern repertoire of jumps had been developed. Jumps did not have a major role in free skating programs during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spread Eagle (figure Skating)
The spread eagle is one of the moves in the field in the sport of figure skating, in which a skater glides on both feet, the toes turned out to the sides, heels facing each other. It can be performed on either the inside or outside edges. It is commonly used as an entrance to jumps, adding to the difficulty level of that jump under the Code of Points. It is most commonly used as an entrance to an Axel jump The Axel jump or Axel Paulsen jump, named after its inventor, Norwegian figure skater Axel Paulsen, is an edge jump performed in figure skating. It is the sport's oldest and most difficult jump, and the only basic jump in competition with a for .... Gallery Single File:Spread eagle inside.jpg, File:Vitali Sazonets 2007 Nebelhorn Trophy.jpg, File:2013 World Championships Mao Asada FP.jpg, File:AGriazev 2007 Mytischi.jpg, File:Zhang 2008SC by Carmichael.jpg, File:2019 Grand Prix Final - Yuzuru Hanyu SP (1).jpg, Pairs Image:2018 Skate America - Evelyn Walsh & Trenn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Figure Skating Spirals
A spiral is an element in figure skating where the skater glides on one foot while raising the List of figure skating terms#F, free leg above hip level. It is akin to the arabesque (ballet position), arabesque in ballet. Spiral positions are classified according to the skating leg (left or right), edge (outside or inside), direction the skater is traveling (forward or backward), and the position of the free leg (backward, forward, sideways). Spirals were a required element in single skating, ladies' singles and pair skating prior to the 2012–13 figure skating season, 2012–13 season. Spirals were infrequently performed by men at the Olympic level prior to the 2012–13 season because it was not a required element nor could men receive points for spiral sequences in the element score of the ISU Judging System. In spite of this, some male skaters are known for their spirals, such as Toller Cranston, Paul Wylie, and Shawn Sawyer. Edging and technique The name "Spiral" is indica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Karen Courtland
Karen Courtland Kelly (born October 12, 1970, in Orange, New Jersey) is a former American pair skater. With partner Todd Reynolds, she won the bronze medal at the United States Figure Skating Championships in 1993 and 1994 and finished 14th at the 1994 Winter Olympic Games The 1994 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XVII Olympic Winter Games (; ) and commonly known as Lillehammer '94, were an international winter multi-sport event held from 12 to 27 February 1994 in and around Lillehammer, Norway. Hav .... Courtland married former Canadian. ice speed skater Patrick Kelly. She is a motivational speaker and has taught pilates. She is president of the World Figure Sport Society. Results With Davenport With Robert Daw With Joshua Roberts With David Goodman With Jason Dungjen With Reynolds References * 1970 births American female pair skaters Olympic figure skaters for the United States Figure skaters at the 1994 Winter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a Administrative divisions of New York#Village, village in the Adirondack Mountains in Essex County, New York, Essex County, New York (state), New York, United States. In 2020, its population was 2,205. The village of Lake Placid is near the center of the town of North Elba, New York, North Elba, southwest of Plattsburgh (city), New York, Plattsburgh. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 Winter Olympics, 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics, the 1972 Winter Universiade, 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. History Lake Placid was founded in the early 19th century to develop an iron ore mining operation. By 1840, the population of "North Elba" (four miles southeast of the present village, near where the road to the Adirondak Loj crosses the Ausable River (New York), Ausable River), was six families. In 1845, the philanthropist Gerrit Smith arrived in North Elba and not only bought a great dea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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Free Skating
The free skating segment of figure skating, also called the free skate and the long program, is the second of two segments of competitions, skated after the short program. Its duration, across all disciplines, is four minutes for senior skaters and teams, and three and one-half minutes for junior skaters and teams. Vocal music with lyrics is allowed for all disciplines since the 2014—2015 season. The free skating program, across all disciplines, must be well-balanced and include certain elements described and published by the International Skating Union (ISU). Overview The free skating program, also called the free skate or long program, along with the short program, is a segment of single skating, pair skating, and synchronized skating in international competitions and events for both junior and senior-level skaters.S&P/ID 2022, p. 9 The free skating program is skated after the short program. Its duration, across all disciplines, is four minutes for senior skaters and te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |