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Cetbang
Cetbang (also known as bedil, warastra, or meriam coak) were cannons produced and used by the Majapahit Empire (1293–1527) and other kingdoms in the Indonesian archipelago. There are 2 main types of cetbang: the eastern-style cetbang which looks like a Chinese cannon and is loaded from the front, and the western-style cetbang which is shaped like a Turkish and Portuguese cannon, loaded from the back.Averoes, Muhammad (2020). Antara Cerita dan Sejarah: Meriam Cetbang Majapahit. ''Jurnal Sejarah'', 3(2), 89 - 100. Etymology The word "cetbang" is not found in old Javanese, it probably comes from the Chinese word ''chongtong'' (銃筒), which also influenced the Korean word 총통(''chongtong''). The term "meriam coak" is from the Betawi language, it means "hollow cannon", referring to the breech. It is also simply referred to as coak. Cetbang in old Javanese is known as bedil. It is also called a warastra, which is synonymous with bedil. Warastra is an old Javanese word, it m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majapahit
Majapahit ( jv, ꦩꦗꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀; ), also known as Wilwatikta ( jv, ꦮꦶꦭ꧀ꦮꦠꦶꦏ꧀ꦠ; ), was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist thalassocratic empire in Southeast Asia that was based on the island of Java (in modern-day Indonesia). It existed from 1293 to circa 1527 and reached its peak of glory during the era of Hayam Wuruk, whose reign from 1350 to 1389 was marked by conquests that extended throughout Southeast Asia. His achievement is also credited to his prime minister, Gajah Mada. According to the () written in 1365, Majapahit was an empire of 98 tributaries, stretching from Sumatra to New Guinea; consisting of present-day Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, southern Thailand, Timor Leste, southwestern Philippines (in particular the Sulu Archipelago) although the scope of Majapahit sphere of influence is still the subject of debate among historians. The nature of Majapahit relations and influences upon its overseas vassals, and also its status as an empi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannon
A cannon is a large-caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant. Gunpowder ("black powder") was the primary propellant before the invention of smokeless powder during the late 19th century. Cannons vary in gauge, effective range, mobility, rate of fire, angle of fire and firepower; different forms of cannon combine and balance these attributes in varying degrees, depending on their intended use on the battlefield. A cannon is a type of heavy artillery weapon. The word ''cannon'' is derived from several languages, in which the original definition can usually be translated as ''tube'', ''cane'', or ''reed''. In the modern era, the term ''cannon'' has fallen into decline, replaced by ''guns'' or ''artillery'', if not a more specific term such as howitzer or mortar, except for high-caliber automatic weapons firing bigger rounds than machine guns, called autocannons. The earliest known depiction of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swivel Gun
The term swivel gun (or simply swivel) usually refers to a small cannon, mounted on a swiveling stand or fork which allows a very wide arc of movement. Another type of firearm referred to as a swivel gun was an early flintlock combination gun with two barrels that rotated along their axes to allow the shooter to switch between rifled and smoothbore barrels. Swivel guns should not be confused with pivot guns, which were far larger weapons mounted on a horizontal pivot, or screw guns, which are a mountain gun with a segmented barrel. An older term for the type is peterero (alternative spellings include "paterero" and "pederero"). The name was taken from the Spanish name for the gun, pedrero, a combination of the word piedra (stone) and the suffix -ero (-er), because stone was the first type of ammunition fired. Configuration Swivel guns are among the smallest types of cannon, typically measuring less than in length and with a bore diameter of up to . They can fire a variet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chongtong
The Chongtong (Hangul: 총통, Hanja: 銃筒) was a term for military firearms of Goryeo and Joseon dynasty. The size of chongtong varies from small firearm to large cannon, and underwent upgrades, which can be separated in three generation type. The well-known "Cheonja", "Jija", "Hyeonja", and "Hwangja" were named after the first four characters of the Thousand Character Classic in decreasing size, thus making them equivalent to Cannons A, B, C, and D. History Gunpowder first came to Korea in the mid 14th century. From 1356 onwards Korea was much harassed by Japanese wo khou pirates, and the Goryeo king, Kongmin Wang, sent an envoy to the Ming court appealing for a supply of firearms. Although China at that time was under Yuan dynasty, the first Ming emperor, Chu Yuan-Chang seems to have treated the request kindly and responded in some measure. The Goryeosa mentions a certain type of bombard (''ch'ong t'ong'') which could send arrows from the Nam-kang hill to the south of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bedil (term)
Bedil is a term from Maritime Southeast Asia which refers to various types of firearms and gunpowder weapons, from small pistols to large siege guns. The term ''bedil'' comes from ''wedil'' (or ''wediyal'') and ''wediluppu'' (or ''wediyuppu'') in the Tamil language. In their original form, these words refer to gunpowder blast and saltpeter, respectively. But after being absorbed into ''bedil'' in the Malay language, and in a number of other cultures in the archipelago, that Tamil vocabulary is used to refer to all types of weapons that use gunpowder. The terms ''bedil'' and ''bedhil'' are known in Javanese and Balinese, in Sundanese the term is ''bedil'', in Batak it is known as ''bodil'', in Makasarese, ''badili'', in Buginese, ''balili'', in Dayak language, ''badil'', in Tagalog, ''baril'', in Bisayan, ''bádil'', in Bikol languages, ''badil'', and in Malay it is ''badel'' or ''bedil''. History It is possible that gunpowder weapons were used in Java by Kublai Kh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bikol Languages
The Bikol languages or Bicolano languages are a group of Central Philippine languages spoken mostly in the Bicol Peninsula in the island of Luzon, the neighboring island province of Catanduanes and the island of Burias in Masbate. Internal classification Ethnologue ''Ethnologue'' groups the languages of Bikol as follows: *Coastal Bikol (Northern) ** Isarog Agta language **Mount Iraya Agta language **Central Bikol language ***Canaman dialect (standard) *** Naga City dialect ***Partido dialect ***Tabaco–Legazpi–Sorsogon (TLS) dialect ***Daet dialect **Southern Catanduanes Bikol language *Inland Bikol (Southern) **Mount Iriga Agta language **Albay Bikol languages ***Buhinon language ***Libon language ***West Miraya language ***East Miraya language **Rinconada Bikol language ***Highland/Sinabukid dialect ****Agta variant ****Iriga variant (standard) ***Lakeside/Sinaranəw dialect ****Baao variant ****Bato variant ****Bula–Pili variant ****Nabua–Balatan variant * Norther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buginese Language
Buginese or Bugis (Buginese: ) is a language spoken by about five million people mainly in the southern part of Sulawesi, Indonesia. History The word Buginese derives from the word '' Bugis'' in Malay. In Buginese, it is called while the Bugis people are called . According to a Buginese myth, the term is derived from the name to the first king of Cina, an ancient Bugis kingdom, . basically means 'the followers of La Sattumpugi'. Little is known about the early history of this language due to the lack of written records. The earliest written record of this language is Sureq Galigo, the epic creation myth of the Bugis people. Another written source of Buginese is Lontara, a term which refers to the traditional script and historical record as well. The earliest historical record of Lontara dates to around the 17th century. Lontara records have been described by historians of Indonesia as "sober" and "factual" when compared to their counterparts from other regions of Mariti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dayak Language
The Dayak (; older spelling: Dajak) or Dyak or Dayuh are one of the native groups of Borneo. It is a loose term for over 200 riverine and hill-dwelling ethnic groups, located principally in the central and southern interior of Borneo, each with its own dialect, customs, laws, territory, and culture, although common distinguishing traits are readily identifiable. Dayak languages are categorised as part of the Austronesian languages. The Dayak were animist ( Kaharingan and Folk Hindus) in belief; however, since the 19th century there has been mass conversion to Christianity as well as Islam due to the spreading of Abrahamic religions. Etymology It is commonly assumed that the name originates from the Bruneian and Melanau word for “interior people”, without any reference to an exact ethnic group. The term was adopted by Dutch and German authors as an umbrella term for any non-Muslim natives of Borneo. Thus, the difference between Dayaks and non-Dayaks natives could be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tagalog Language
Tagalog (, ; ; ''Baybayin'': ) is an Austronesian languages, Austronesian language spoken as a first language by the ethnic Tagalog people, who make up a quarter of the population of the Philippines, and as a second language by the majority. Its Standard language, standardized form, official language, officially named Filipino language, ''Filipino'', is the national language of the Philippines, and is one of two official languages, alongside Philippine English, English. Tagalog is closely related to other Philippine languages, such as the Bikol languages, Ilocano language, Ilocano, the Bisayan languages, Kapampangan language, Kapampangan, and Pangasinan language, Pangasinan, and more distantly to other Austronesian languages, such as the Formosan languages of Taiwan, Indonesian language, Indonesian, Malay language, Malay, Hawaiian language, Hawaiian, Māori language, Māori, and Malagasy language, Malagasy. Classification Tagalog is a Central Philippine languages, Central Phi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bisayan Languages
The Bisayan languages or Visayan languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages spoken in the Philippines. They are most closely related to Tagalog and the Bikol languages, all of which are part of the Central Philippine languages. Most Bisayan languages are spoken in the whole Visayas section of the country, but they are also spoken in the southern part of the Bicol Region (particularly in Masbate and Sorsogon where several dialects of Waray are spoken), islands south of Luzon, such as those that make up Romblon, most of the areas of Mindanao and the province of Sulu located southwest of Mindanao. Some residents of Metro Manila also speak one of the Bisayan languages. Over 30 languages constitute the Bisayan language family. The Bisayan language with the most speakers is Cebuano, spoken by 20 million people as a native language in Central Visayas, parts of Eastern Visayas, and most of Mindanao. Two other well-known and widespread Bisayan languages are Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bedil Kuno Atau Meriam Kuno Jawa Cetbang (born 1947), Indian producer, writer and singer
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Bedil can refer to: * Bedil (term), a term used for various early firearms and gunpowder weapons from Maritime Southeast Asia ** Bedil tombak, one such firearm Places * Bedil, Çerkeş, in Çankırı Province, Turkey * Bedil, Bartın, in Bartın Province, Turkey People * Abdul-Qādir Bedil (1642–1720), Sufi saint and poet * Qadir Bux Bedil (1815–1873), Sufi poet and scholar * Bedil Masroor Bedil Masroor (b. July 1947) is a PTV producer and a popular writer and singer of Sindhi poetry. Early life He attended primary school Kasai Muhalla Shikarpur and Government high school Shikarpur. Masroor was born at ShikarPur and graduated f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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