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Birinci Ferik
''Birinci ferik'' or ''ferik-i evvel'' (corresponding to the earlier Ottoman rank of ''Serdar'') was a military rank of the Ottoman Army. The title means "''First Ferik''" and was senior to a ''Ferik'' and junior only to the ''Müşir'' (equivalent to Field Marshal). The collar mark (later shoulder mark) and cap (until 1933) of a ''Birinci Ferik'' had three stripes and three stars during the early years of the Turkish Republic. The rank of birinci ferik was abolished on November 26, 1934, in accordance with Article 3 of Law No. 2590 on the Abolition of Nicknames and Titles. With Decree No. 2295, issued on April 9, 1935, the equivalent of the birinci ferik rank was designated as army general Army general or General of the army is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System. Army general is normally the highest rank used in peacetime. In countries that adopt the general officer fou .... See also * Comparative military r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serdar (Ottoman Rank)
Serdar (; from " Sardar") was a military rank in the Ottoman Empire and a noble rank in Montenegro and Serbia. Serdars often served on the borders of the Ottoman Empire. The term is often translated as 'commander' in English texts and originally comes from the Persian language. The title Serdar was also used in the Principality of Montenegro and the Principality of Serbia as an honorary non-noble title below that of '' vojvoda.'' Janko Vukotić, the former prime minister of Montenegro, held the title of serdar''.'' Uses * Serdar is a popular male name in Turkey. * Serdar is a popular male name in Turkmenistan. * Serdar-ı Ekrem or ( Serdar-ı Azam) means the commander-in-chief with the highest rank, and thus, it sometimes refers to the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. * Serdar is also used as a noun (especially to give a nostalgic feeling) with its original meaning (i.e. commander-in-chief) in Turkish. For example, "Ordunun serdarı yiğit savaşçılarına saldırı emrini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Army
The Military of the Ottoman Empire () was the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire. It was founded in 1299 and dissolved in 1922. Army The Military of the Ottoman Empire can be divided in five main periods. The foundation era covers the years between 1300 (Byzantine expedition) and 1453 ( Conquest of Constantinople), the classical period covers the years between 1451 (second enthronement of Sultan Mehmed II) and 1606 ( Peace of Zsitvatorok), the reformation period covers the years between 1606 and 1826 ( Vaka-i Hayriye), the modernisation period covers the years between 1826 and 1858 and decline period covers the years between 1861 (enthronement of Sultan Abdülaziz) and 1918 ( Armistice of Mudros). The Ottoman army is the forerunner of the Turkish Armed Forces. Foundation period (1300–1453) The earliest form of the Ottoman military was a steppe-nomadic cavalry force.Mesut Uyar, Edward J. Erickson, ''A Military History of the Ottomans: From Osman to Atatürk'', Pleager Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferik (rank)
() is a military rank used in the militaries of many Arab world, Arab nations, and formerly of the Military of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Armed Forces. Usually, it ranks below Fariq 'awal () and above Mirliva, Liwa (). Ottoman use It corresponds to a corps general (Turkish language, modern Turkish: ''Korgeneral'') in the modern Turkish Army. The rank was junior to the ''Birindji ferik, Birinci Ferik/Ferîk-i Evvel'' (Lieutenant General) and superior to the rank ''Mirliva'' (Brigade general) in the Ottoman Army and the pre-1935 Turkish Army. The collar mark (later shoulder mark) and peaked cap, cap (until 1933) of a ''Ferik'' had three stripes and two stars during the early years of the Turkish Republic. The rank of ferik was abolished on November 26, 1934, in accordance with Article 3 of Law No. 2590 on the Abolition of Nicknames and Titles. With Decree No. 2295, issued on April 9, 1935, the equivalent of the ferik rank was designated as corps general. Current use The rank ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Müşir
() is an Arabic word meaning "counsellor" or "advisor". It is related to the word shura, meaning consultation or "taking counsel". As an official title, it historically indicates a personal advisor to the ruler. In this use it is roughly comparable to the European titles of state councillor, State Counsellor and Counsellor of State. In a military context, became associated with the idea of the ruler's personal counsellor or advisor on military matters, and as such became the highest rank in Arab countries and the Ottoman Empire. It is used as the highest rank in most armed forces of the Middle East and North Africa, for armies, navies, and air forces. It is therefore equivalent to the ranks of Field Marshal and Admiral of the Fleet. Iraq In Ba'athist Iraq, Iraq under the rule of Saddam Hussein, the Iraqi Navy maintained a fleet admiral rank known as . A Mushir was the most senior of all naval officers and the rank was rarely bestowed. The sleeve insignia was the same as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks. Usually, it is the highest rank in an army (in countries without the rank of Generalissimo), and as such, few persons are ever appointed to it. It is considered as a five-star rank (OF-10) in modern-day armed forces in many countries. Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a Division (military), divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank. Examples of the different uses of the rank include Afghanistan, Austria-Hungary, India, Pakistan, Prussia/Germany and Sri Lanka for an extraordinary achievement; Spain and Mexico for a divisional command (); and France, Portugal and Brazil for a brigade command (, ). Origins The origin of the term dates to the early Middle Ages, originally meaning the keeper of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shoulder Mark
A shoulder mark, also called a rank slide or slip-on, is a flat cloth sleeve worn on the shoulder strap of a uniform. It may bear rank or other insignia. A shoulder mark should not be confused with a (an elaborate shoulder strap), a (a braided type of shoulder board), or an epaulette, although these terms are often used interchangeably. Australia The newer Auscam uniform design lacks shoulder marks, instead opting for a vertical strap in the middle of the chest region of the uniform. Rank insignia tags are slipped onto this strap. Unlike the older uniform designs, there are slip-ons for every rank in the Australian Defence Force. The older Auscam uniform designs featured shoulder straps, upon which slip-on rank insignia of Commissioned Officers could be affixed, and non-commissioned officers in the Air Force and Navy only. No shoulder-strap slip-ons are available for enlisted members of the army, whereas the other two services had appropriate slip ons, who have rank patc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peaked Cap
A peaked cap, peaked hat, service cap, barracks cover, or combination cap is a form of headgear worn by the armed forces of many nations, as well as many uniformed civilian organisations such as law enforcement agencies and fire departments. It derives its name from its short visor, or peak, which was historically made of polished leather but increasingly is made of a cheaper synthetic substitute. The term forage cap is also used, although that also applies to the "field service cap" or the side cap. Other principal components are the crown, band, and insignia, typically a cap badge and scrambled egg (uniform), embroidery in proportion to rank. Piping is also often found, typically in contrast to the crown colour, which is usually white for navy, blue for air force, and green for army. The band is typically a dark, contrasting colour, often black, but may be patterned or striped. In the British Army, each regiment and corps has a different badge. In the United States Armed Force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army General
Army general or General of the army is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System. Army general is normally the highest rank used in peacetime. In countries that adopt the general officer four-rank system, it is the rank of a general commanding a field army. However, in some countries such as Brazil, Ecuador and Peru, which have adopted the three-rank system, the rank of army general is immediately above that of divisional general. As such, it is the rank of commander of an army corps or larger formations. The equivalent position in the Commonwealth, U.S., and several other countries is simply general, four-star rank, or informally " full general". Country specific Army general ranks by country * Army general (France) * Army general (East Germany) * Army general (Russia) ** Army general (Soviet Union) * Army general (Vietnam) * Army general (Kingdom of Yugoslavia) *General of the Army (United States) Army generals' army ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comparative Military Ranks Of World War I
The following table shows comparative officer ranks of several Allied and Central powers during World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to .... Table See also * Comparative officer ranks of World War II * Rank insignia of the Imperial Russian Army 1917 Notes References Sources * * * * * * * * * * {{Military ranks by country * World War I Military comparisons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Ranks Of The Ottoman Empire
The military ranks of the Ottoman Empire may be visually identified by the military insignia used during the Military of the Ottoman Empire. Army ranks Classic Army * Agha (Ottoman Empire), Aghas were commanders of the different branches of the military services, like "azap agha", "besli agha", "janissary agha", for the commanders of azaps, beslis, and janissaries, respectively. This designation was given to commanders of smaller military units, too, for instance the "bölük agha", and the "ocak agha", the commanders of a "bölük" (Company (military), company) and an "ocak" (troops) respectively. * Boluk-bashi was a commander of a "bölük", equivalent with the rank of Captain (land), captain. * Chorbaji (Turkish for "soup server") was a commander of an orta (regiment), approximately corresponding to the rank of colonel () today. In seafaring, the term was in use for the boss of a ship's crew, a role similar to that of boatswain. Modern Army Military personnel in the Ottoma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
