Avlo Teteria, Obscure Hetman (1662–1665)
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Avlo Teteria, Obscure Hetman (1662–1665)
Avlo (, short for Alta Velocidad Low ''Cost'' literally ''"No Frills High Speed"'' ) is a low-cost high-speed rail service operated by Spanish national rail company Renfe, offering services connecting major Spanish cities such as Madrid, Zaragoza, Barcelona, Valencia, Alicante and others on specific high-speed lines. History Based on the popularity of the French low-cost high-speed rail service Ouigo that was introduced in 2013 by French national rail company SNCF, and keen to encourage train travel on the Spanish high-speed rail network, Renfe was interested in setting up their own such budget service. The service was announced on 6 February 2018 by the then Minister of Public Works Íñigo de la Serna. It was provisionally named ''"eva"'', the name of the Renfe's own high-speed train service, AVE, spelt backwards and was aimed to be operational by the first quarter of 2019. The plan was for trains to run between Madrid and less frequently used AVE stations in Catalonia, n ...
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Renfe
Renfe (, ), officially Renfe-Operadora, is Spain's national state-owned railway company. It was created in 2005 upon the split of the former Spanish National Railway Network (RENFE) into the Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF), which inherited the infrastructure, and Renfe-Operadora, which inherited the railway service. History The name "Renfe" (acronym of '' Red Nacional de los Ferrocarriles Españoles'') is derived from that of the former Spanish National Railway Network created on 24 January 1941 with the nationalisation of Spain's railways. As per EU Directive 91/440, Renfe was divided into Renfe Operadora (operations) and ADIF (infrastructure) on 1 January 2005. At the same time, the existing Renfe logo (nicknamed the "galleta", Spanish for biscuit), first introduced in 1971, was replaced by a dark purple lower-case wordmark designed by Interbrand. Separate logos used by the other sectors were also replaced, but the old Renfe logo remains in use ...
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SNCF
The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (, , SNCF ) is France's national State-owned enterprise, state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the Rail transport in France, country's national rail traffic along with that of Monaco, including the TGV, on France's high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of railway services for passengers and freight (through its subsidiaries SNCF Voyageurs and Rail Logistics Europe), as well as maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure (SNCF#Divisions, SNCF Réseau). The railway network consists of about of route, of which are high-speed lines and electrified. About 14,000 trains are operated daily. In 2010 the SNCF was ranked 22nd in France and 214th globally on the Fortune Global 500, ''Fortune'' Global 500 list. It is the main business of the SNCF Group, which in 2020 had €30 billion of sales in 120 countries. The SNCF Group employs more than 275,000 employees in France and around the worl ...
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Seville
Seville ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Spain, Spanish autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the Guadalquivir, River Guadalquivir, in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Seville has a municipal population of about 701,000 , and a Seville metropolitan area, metropolitan population of about 1.5 million, making it the largest city in Andalusia and the List of metropolitan areas in Spain, fourth-largest city in Spain. Its old town, with an area of , contains a UNESCO World Heritage Site comprising three buildings: the Alcázar of Seville, Alcázar palace complex, the Seville Cathedral, Cathedral and the General Archive of the Indies. The Seville harbour, located about from the Atlantic Ocean, is the only river port in Spain. The capital of Andalusia features hot temperatures in the summer, with daily maximums routinely above in July and August. Seville was founded ...
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Andalucia
Andalusia ( , ; , ) is the southernmost autonomous community in Peninsular Spain, located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomous community in the country. It is officially recognized as a historical nationality and a national reality. The territory is divided into eight provinces: Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga, and Seville. Its capital city is Seville, while the seat of its High Court of Justice is the city of Granada. Andalusia is immediately south of the autonomous communities of Extremadura and Castilla-La Mancha; west of the autonomous community of Region of Murcia, Murcia and the Mediterranean Sea; east of Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean; and north of the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar. The British Overseas Territory and city of Gibraltar, located at the eastern end of the Strait of Gibraltar, shares a land border with the Andalusian provin ...
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COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic and COVID pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an disease outbreak, outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Soon after, it spread to other areas of Asia, and COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory, then worldwide in early 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020, and assessed the outbreak as having become a pandemic on 11 March. COVID-19 symptoms range from asymptomatic to deadly, but most commonly include fever, sore throat, nocturnal cough, and fatigue. Transmission of COVID-19, Transmission of the virus is often airborne transmission, through airborne particles. Mutations have variants of SARS-CoV-2, produced many strains (variants) with varying degrees of infectivity and virulence. COVID-19 vaccines were developed rapidly and deplo ...
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Trenitalia
Trenitalia Società per azioni, SpA is the primary train operator of Italy. A subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, itself owned by the Italian government. It was established in 2000 following a European Union directive on the deregulation of rail transport. In a comparative study by the European umbrella organization European Federation for Transport and Environment, Transport & Environment (T&E), Trenitalia 2024 achieved the best result of 27 companies. The criteria were reliability, booking, amenities on board and taking bikes on medium and long-distance connections. History The Italian government formed Trenitalia to comply with European Union regulations. The European Commission's First Railway Directive from 1991 (91/440/EC) required separation of accounting between entities which manage the rail infrastructure and entities which provide the actual rail transportation. On 1 June 2000, therefore, Italy created Trenitalia as the primary rail transportation company a ...
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Air Nostrum
Air Nostrum (doing business as Iberia Regional) is a Spanish regional airline based in Valencia that merged with CityJet in 2023, forming the region's largest aviation holding company, Strategic Alliance of Regional Airlines (SARA). An affiliate member of the Oneworld airline alliance, it operates 91 domestic and international routes to 51 destinations, and charter flights. Its main base is Valencia Airport, with hubs at Barcelona–El Prat Airport and Madrid–Barajas Airport. Limited operations are also carried out on behalf of Brussels Airlines, replacing related Aircraft lease#Wet lease, wet-lease specialist airline CityJet, having begun in late 2018. Air Nostrum is also a part owner of Iryo, a Spanish high-speed rail service which began operating in November 2022. History The airline was established on 23 May 1994 and started operations on 15 December. It used to offer a comprehensive meal service on all scheduled flights. In early 2008, the airline eliminated its 'region ...
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Gare De Lille Europe
Lille-Europe station () is a SNCF railway station in Lille, France, on the LGV Nord high-speed railway. The station is primarily used for international Eurostar and long-distance SNCF TGV services, although some high-speed regional trains also call at the station. The station was built in 1993 to be used as a through station for trains between the UK, Belgium, and the Netherlands, as well as French TGV services, except those coming from Paris, which normally terminate at Lille-Flandres station. There is a walking distance between the two stations, which are also connected by the Lille Metro and Lille tramway. Lille-Europe has 2 Island platforms serving 4 tracks, plus 2 gated through tracks for non-stopping trains in the middle of the station. The Main concourse is situated above the bypass. Connections For travellers from the United Kingdom to destinations not served directly by Eurostar, connections are available here on trains towards Disneyland Paris, Charles de Gaulle ...
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Gare De Tourcoing
Tourcoing station ( French: ''Gare de Tourcoing'') is a railway station serving the town Tourcoing, Nord department, northern France. Services The station is served by high speed trains to Paris and regional trains to Roubaix and Lille. SNCB/NMBS Belgian Railways trains also run from here to: Courtrai/Kortrijk Kortrijk ( , ; or ''Kortrik''; ), sometimes known in English as Courtrai or Courtray ( ), is a Belgian City status in Belgium, city and Municipalities in Belgium, municipality in the Flemish Region, Flemish Provinces of Belgium, province of We ... for example on Belgian railway line 75. References Railway stations in Nord (French department) Railway stations in France opened in 1905 Gare de Tourcoing {{NordPasdeCalais-railstation-stub ...
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El Prat De Llobregat Railway Station
El Prat de Llobregat or El Prat Estació is both a Rodalies de Catalunya and a Barcelona Metro station serving the suburb of El Prat de Llobregat, to the south-west of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. It is on the conventional Madrid–Barcelona railway and is served by all trains on Barcelona commuter rail service lines and , as well as some trains. Some trains on regional line also call at the station. The metro station is on the airport branch of Barcelona Metro line 9 (L9) and is operated by Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB). References External links El Prat de Llobregat listing at the Rodalies de Catalunya website El Prat Estaciólisting at the Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB) website Information on the L9 Sudat the TMB website * Information and photos of thanstations at trenscat.cat Video on train operations at the Rodalies de Catalunya stationon YouTube YouTube is an American social media and online video sharing platform owned by ...
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Camp De Tarragona Railway Station
Camp de Tarragona is a railway station, opened on 19 December 2006, on the Madrid–Barcelona high-speed rail line between Madrid and Barcelona. Located between the municipalities of La Secuita and Perafort,TGV arrives to Tarragona
some 8 km north of Tarragona itself, the new station serves an area with an estimated population of over 400,000. The station complex, covering 5.2 hectares, has eight standard-gauge tracks (four platform tracks and four central through tracks), two 400-metre-long