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Antigens, Cd1
CD1 (cluster of differentiation 1) is a family of glycoproteins expressed on the surface of various human antigen-presenting cells. CD1 glycoproteins are structurally related to the class I MHC molecules, however, in contrast to class I MHC, MHC class 1 proteins, they present lipids, glycolipids and small molecules antigens, from both Endogeny (biology), endogenous and pathogenic proteins, to T cells and activate an immune response. Both T-cell receptor, αβ and Gamma delta T cell, γδ T cells recognise CD1 molecules. The human CD1 gene cluster is located on chromosome 1. Genes of the CD1 family were first cloned in 1986, by Franco Calabi and C. Milstein, whereas the first known lipid antigen for CD1 was discovered in 1994, during studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The first antigen that was discovered to be able to bind CD1 and then be recognised by TCR is C80 mycolic acid. Even though their precise function is unknown, The CD1 system of lipid antigen recognition by T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CD1A
CD1a (Cluster of Differentiation 1a) is a human protein encoded by the gene. This gene encodes a member of the CD1 family of transmembrane glycoproteins, which are structurally related to the major histocompatibility complex The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large Locus (genetics), locus on vertebrate DNA containing a set of closely linked polymorphic genes that code for Cell (biology), cell surface proteins essential for the adaptive immune system. The ... (MHC) proteins and form heterodimers with beta-2-microglobulin. The CD1 proteins mediate the presentation of primarily lipid and glycolipid antigens of self or microbial origin to T cells. The human genome contains five CD1 family genes organized in a cluster on chromosome 1. The CD1 family members are thought to differ in their cellular localization and specificity for particular lipid ligands. The protein encoded by this gene localizes to the plasma membrane and to recycling vesicles of the early endocytoti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |