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Research And Analysis Wing
The Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) is the foreign intelligence agency of the Republic of India. The agency's primary function is gathering foreign intelligence, counter-terrorism, counter-proliferation, advising Indian policymakers, and advancing India's foreign strategic interests. It is also involved in the security of India's nuclear programme. During the nine-year tenure of its first Secretary, Rameshwar Nath Kao, R&AW quickly came to prominence in the global intelligence community, playing a role in major events such as accession of the state of Sikkim to India in 1975. Headquartered in New Delhi, R&AW's current chief is Parag Jain. The head of R&AW is designated as the Secretary (Research) in the Cabinet Secretariat, and is under the authority of the Prime Minister of India without parliamentary oversight. Secretary reports to the National Security Advisor on a daily basis. In 1968, upon its formation, the union government led by the Indian National Congress ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intelligence (information Gathering)
Intelligence assessment, is a specific phase of the intelligence cycle which oversees the development of behavior forecasts or recommended courses of action to the leadership of an organization, based on wide ranges of available overt and covert intelligence (also known as "intel"). There are two types of assessment; * In the beginning of the intelligence cycle, during the direction phase (also known as tasking or planning), intelligence officers assess past intelligence, identify gaps in information, and determine what new intelligence is needed. * Intelligence assessment also occurs toward the end of the intelligence cycle, during the analysis & production phase. This phase comes after collection and processing but before dissemination to policymakers. Assessments develop in response to leadership declaration requirements to inform decision-making. Assessment may be executed on behalf of a state, military or commercial organisation with ranges of information sources availa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Raj
The British Raj ( ; from Hindustani language, Hindustani , 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the colonial rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent, * * lasting from 1858 to 1947. * * It is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or direct rule in India. * Quote: "Mill, who was himself employed by the British East India company from the age of seventeen until the British government assumed direct rule over India in 1858." * * The region under British control was commonly called India in contemporaneous usage and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom, which were collectively called ''Presidencies and provinces of British India, British India'', and areas ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British British paramountcy, paramountcy, called the princely states. The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially. As ''India'', it was a founding member of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intelligence Bureau (India)
The Intelligence Bureau (IB) is India's internal security and counterintelligence agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs (India), Ministry of Home Affairs. It was founded in 1887 as the Central Special Branch. The IB is often regarded as the oldest extant intelligence organisation in the world. Until 1968, it handled both domestic and foreign intelligence after which the Research and Analysis Wing was formed specifically for foreign intelligence; following that, the IB was primarily assigned the role of domestic intelligence and internal security. Tapan Deka is the current Director of the Intelligence Bureau, director of the IB, since June 2022. History The Intelligence Bureau traces its origin to the Central Special Branch, established on 23 December 1887 by the British Raj, British government in India to gather intelligence on political unrest, particularly after the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885. Its creation followed Secret Dispatch No. 11, dated 25 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian National Congress
The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party, or simply the Congress, is a political parties in India, political party in India with deep roots in most regions of India. Founded on 28 December 1885, it was the first modern Nationalism, nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, the Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. The Congress led India to independence from the United Kingdom, and significantly influenced other Decolonization, anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire. The INC is a "big tent" party that has been described as sitting on the Centrism, centre of the Indian politics, Indian political spectrum. The party held its first session in 1885 in Mumbai, Bombay where Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee, W.C. Bonnerjee presided over it. After Indian independence in 1947, Congress eme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Indira Gandhi Ministry
The Second Indira Gandhi ministry was the second union council of ministers which was headed by prime minister Indira Gandhi. The ministry was constituted upon the victory of the Indian National Congress under Gandhi's leadership in the 1967 general election. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi who was a member of the Rajya Sabha in her first term as the prime minister, was herself elected to the Lok Sabha in the general election from the Raebareli constituency of Uttar Pradesh. The ministry remained in office until being dissolved and succeeded by the third Indira Gandhi ministry which was formed following the re-election of Indira Gandhi in 1971. Background The ruling Indian National Congress party won 283 seats out of the 523 seats of the Lok Sabha and was able to form the government with a clear majority. Indira Gandhi was re-elected leader of the parliamentary party and was invited to form the government for the second time by President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. In her previous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Security Advisor (India)
The National Security Advisor (NSA) is the senior official on the National Security Council of India, and the chief advisor to the Prime Minister of India on national security policy and international affairs. Ajit Doval is the current NSA, serving since May 2014. The NSA is assigned the rank of a Union Cabinet Minister and ranks seventh in the Indian Order of Precedence. History Brajesh Mishra, then Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister, was appointed as the first National Security Advisor of India. The post was created on 19 November 1998 by then government headed by Atal Bihari Bajpayee. In 2004, a new government headed by Manmohan Singh was formed at the centre. This government separated the office of NSA into ''foreign'' headed by former Foreign Secretary J.N. Dixit and ''internal'' headed by former Director, IB M.K. Narayanan. After the death of Dixit in 2005, the office was again fused and Narayanan became the full-time NSA. He was then succeeded by former For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cabinet Secretariat Of India
The Cabinet Secretariat (IAST: ''Mantrimanḍala Sacivālaya'') is responsible for the administration of the Government of India. It provides secretarial assistance to the Cabinet of India and facilitates smooth transaction of business between Ministries and Departments of the Government. It functions from the Rashtrapati Bhavan on Raisina Hill in New Delhi. The Cabinet Secretariat is under the charge of the Prime Minister of India and is headed by the Cabinet Secretary. History During the British Raj, government business was disposed of by the Council of the Governor General of India. The council functioned as a Joint Consultative Board. The Governor-General of India's secretary was designated Secretary to the Executive Council. With the Interim Government of India being formed in 1946, the Secretariat of the Executive Council was designated as Cabinet Secretariat and the Secretary to the Executive Council re-designated Cabinet Secretary. Overview The Cabinet Secretariat i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parag Jain
Parag Jain (born 1 January 1967) is an Indian bureaucrat and IPS officer and currently serving as the Secretary of Research and Analysis Wing from 1 July 2025 onwards. He is known for playing a crucial role in the Operation Sindoor, which was launched by India in May 2025. Jain is accused of serious human rights abuses in Punjab against Sikhs and foreign interference in Canada after CSIS discovered his activities. Early life and education Jain was born on 1 January 1967 in Nawla village, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India. He has completed M.A. in History and M.B.A. in Public Service from University of Birmingham. Career Jain joined the police force through Punjab Police in 1989. Parag Jain spent his career both home and abroad. As an SSP, he served at Chandigarh. Later he was appointed as DIG of the Ludhiana range. In 2005, he was awarded the Police Medal for Meritorious Service. Reportedly, while assigned at Hoshiarpur, he fought against activists of Khalistan Move ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikkim
Sikkim ( ; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in northeastern India. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China in the north and northeast, Bhutan in the east, Koshi Province of Nepal in the west, and West Bengal in the south. Sikkim is also close to the Siliguri Corridor, which borders Bangladesh. Sikkim is the List of states and union territories of India by population, least populous and List of states and union territories of India by area, second-smallest among the Indian states. Situated in the Eastern Himalaya, Sikkim is notable for its biodiversity, including Alpine climate, alpine and subtropical climates, as well as being a host to Kangchenjunga, the List of mountains in India, highest peak in India and List of highest mountains on Earth, third-highest on Earth. Sikkim's Capital (political), capital and largest city is Gangtok. Almost 35% of the state is covered by Khangchendzonga National Park – a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Kingdom of Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rameshwar Nath Kao
Rameshwar Nath Kao (10 May 1918 – 20 January 2002) was an Indian spymaster and the first chief of India's external intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) from its founding in 1968 to 1977. Kao was one of India's foremost intelligence officers, and helped build R&AW. Kao held the position of Secretary (Research) in the Cabinet Secretariat of the Government of India, which has been held by all R&AW directors since. He had also, during the course of his long career, served as the personal security chief to Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and as security adviser to Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. He also founded the Aviation Research Centre (ARC) and the Joint Intelligence Committee. An intensely private man, Kao was rarely seen in public post-retirement. Personal life Early years Kao was born in the holy city of Benares (now Varanasi) in United Provinces (Uttar Pradesh) on 10 May 1918 to a Kashmiri Pandit family who migrated from Srinagar district of Jamm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India And Weapons Of Mass Destruction
India possesses nuclear weapons and previously developed chemical weapons. Although India has not released any official statements about the size of its nuclear arsenal, recent estimates suggest that India has 180 nuclear weapons. India has conducted nuclear weapons tests in a pair of series namely '' Pokhran I'' and '' Pokhran II''. India is a member of three multilateral export control regimes — the Missile Technology Control Regime, Wassenaar Arrangement and Australia Group. It has signed and ratified the Biological Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention. India is also a subscribing state to the Hague Code of Conduct. India has signed neither the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty nor the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, considering both to be flawed and discriminatory. India previously possessed chemical weapons, but voluntarily destroyed its entire stockpile in 2009 — one of the seven countries to meet the OPCW extended deadline. India main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
