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Zvezda (newspaper)
''Zvezda'' (Star) (Russian: Звезда) was a Russian newspaper which subsequently was incorporated into ''Pravda''. Originally it was the legal organ of the Duma's Social Democratic faction. The paper had separate sections on “In the World of Labor,” “Workers’ Life,” “The Workers’ Movement,” “The State Duma,” “Press Survey,” “Chronicle,” “Around and About Russia,” “The Provinces,” and “Life Abroad.” The newspaper was published from December 29, 1910 to May 5, 1912. Editorial control The first editors were Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich (Bolshevik), N. I. lordanskii (Menshevik), and I. P. Pokrovskii (from the Social Democratic faction of the Third State Duma). N. G. Poletaev (Bolshevik) also played a major part in its production. From October 1911 the Bolsheviks had complete control of the paper and N. N. Baturin, M. S. Ol’minskii and K. S. Eremeev were on the editorial board. Among notable contributors to the newspaper were A. I. Elizarova ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Language
Russian (russian: русский язык, russkij jazyk, link=no, ) is an East Slavic language mainly spoken in Russia. It is the native language of the Russians, and belongs to the Indo-European language family. It is one of four living East Slavic languages, and is also a part of the larger Balto-Slavic languages. Besides Russia itself, Russian is an official language in Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, and is used widely as a lingua franca throughout Ukraine, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and to some extent in the Baltic states. It was the ''de facto'' language of the former Soviet Union, Constitution and Fundamental Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 1977: Section II, Chapter 6, Article 36 and continues to be used in public life with varying proficiency in all of the post-Soviet states. Russian has over 258 million total speakers worldwide. It is the most spoken Slavic language, and the most spoken native language in Europe, as well as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pravda
''Pravda'' ( rus, Правда, p=ˈpravdə, a=Ru-правда.ogg, "Truth") is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a circulation of 11 million. The newspaper began publication on 5 May 1912 in the Russian Empire, but was already extant abroad in January 1911. It emerged as a leading newspaper of the Soviet Union after the October Revolution. The newspaper was an organ of the Central Committee of the CPSU between 1912 and 1991. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union ''Pravda'' was sold off by Russian President Boris Yeltsin to a Greek business family in 1996, and the paper came under the control of their private company Pravda International. In 1996, there was an internal dispute between the owners of Pravda International and some of the ''Pravda'' journalists which led to ''Pravda'' splitting into different entities. The Communis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Duma (Russian Empire)
The State Duma, also known as the Imperial Duma, was the lower house of the Governing Senate in the Russian Empire, while the upper house was the State Council. It held its meetings in the Taurida Palace in St. Petersburg. It convened four times between 27 April 1906 and the collapse of the Empire in February 1917. The first and the second dumas were more democratic and represented a greater number of national types than their successors. The third duma was dominated by gentry, landowners and businessmen. The fourth duma held five sessions; it existed until 2 March 1917, and was formally dissolved on 6 October 1917. History Coming under pressure from the Russian Revolution of 1905, on August 6, 1905 (O.S.), Sergei Witte (appointed by Nicholas II to manage peace negotiations with Japan after the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905) issued a manifesto about the convocation of the Duma, initially thought to be a purely advisory body, the so-called Bulygin-Duma. In the subsequ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich
Vladimir Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich (russian: Владимир Дмитриевич Бонч-Бруевич; sometimes spelled Bonch-Bruevich; in Polish Boncz-Brujewicz; – 14 July 1955) was a Soviet politician, revolutionary, historian, writer and Old Bolshevik. He was Vladimir Lenin's personal secretary. Early life Vladimir Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich, born in Moscow into the family of a land surveyor who came from the Mogilev province, belonged to the nobility of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He was a younger brother of the future Soviet military commander Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich. At the age of ten, he was sent to the in Moscow; where he studied in the school of land surveying. In 1889, he was arrested for taking part in a student demonstration, expelled from the Institute and banished to Kursk. He returned to Moscow in 1892, entered the and distributed illegal literature. From 1895 he was active in social-democratic circles. In 1896 he emigra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolshevik
The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English as the Bolshevists,. It signifies both Bolsheviks and adherents of Bolshevik policies. were a far-left, revolutionary Marxist faction founded by Vladimir Lenin that split with the Mensheviks from the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP), a revolutionary socialist political party formed in 1898, at its Second Party Congress in 1903. After forming their own party in 1912, the Bolsheviks took power during the October Revolution in the Russian Republic in November 1917, overthrowing the Provisional Government of Alexander Kerensky, and became the only ruling party in the subsequent Soviet Russia and later the Soviet Union. They considered themselves the leaders of the revolutionary proletariat of Russia. Their bel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menshevik
The Mensheviks (russian: меньшевики́, from меньшинство 'minority') were one of the three dominant factions in the Russian socialist movement, the others being the Bolsheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries. The factions emerged in 1903 following a dispute within the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) between Julius Martov and Vladimir Lenin. The dispute originated at the 2nd Congress of the RSDLP, ostensibly over minor issues of party organization. Martov's supporters, who were in the minority in a crucial vote on the question of party membership, came to be called ''Mensheviks'', derived from the Russian ('minority'), while Lenin's adherents were known as ''Bolsheviks'', from ('majority'). Despite the naming, neither side held a consistent majority over the course of the entire 2nd Congress, and indeed the numerical advantage fluctuated between both sides throughout the rest of the RSDLP's existence until the Russian Revolution. The split pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikhail Olminsky
Mikhail Stepanovich Olminsky ( rus, Михаил Степанович Ольминский) (15 October, 1863 – May 8, 1933) (real surname: Aleksandrov) was a prominent Russian Bolshevik particularly involved with Party history and also an active literary theorist and publicist. Olminsky was born in Voronezh to the family of a minor state official and noble. He joined Narodnaya Volya as a student at St Petersburg University and was arrested in 1885 and exiled to Voronezh. In 1893, he was involved in spreading revolutionary propaganda among workers in St Petersburg, for which he was arrested and spent about five years in solitary confinement. He joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) when it was founded, in 1898. In 1904, he emigrated to Switzerland, where he joined the Bolsheviks, and supported Lenin against the conciliators who wanted to reunite the Bolshevik and Menshevik factions of the RSDLP. He took part in a conference of 22 Bolsheviks held in Genev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Eremeev
Konstantin Stepanovich Eremeev (Russian: Константи́н Степа́нович Ереме́ев; 6 June 1874, Minsk – 28 January 1931, Moscow) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet military leader, journalist and newspaper editor. Life and revolutionary career Early years and activity Eremeev was born in Minsk in the family of a non-commissioned officer. From 1893 to 1895 he served as a volunteer in an infantry regiment in Vilna and was promoted to a non-commissioned officer. A year later he joined the a social democratic organization in Vilna. In 1897 he was arrested, imprisoned in the Warsaw Fortress and later exiled to Urzhum then to Petrozavodsk for two years. In 1903 he joined the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party and was again arrested and exiled. In 1904, he fled from exile and emigrated. Eremeev returned to Russia in 1906. After returning, he became involved in revolutionary work and was engaged in literary activity. Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Ulyanova
Anna Ilyinichna Yelizarova-Ulyanova (; , Nizhny Novgorod – 19 October 1935, Moscow) was a Russian revolutionary and a Soviet politician. The older sister of Vladimir Lenin and of Maria Ilyinichna Ulyanova, she married Mark Yelizarov (1863–1919), who became Soviet Russia's first People's Commissar for Transport (in office, 1917–1918). In 2011 the State Historical Museum in Moscow put on display a 1932 letter from Anna to Joseph Stalin, in which she reveals that Lenin's maternal grandfather was a Jewish native of Zhitomir who converted in order to leave the Pale of Settlement. She asked Stalin to make this publicly known in order to counter increasing anti-Semitism in the Soviet Union at the time, but he refused and told her to keep the matter secret.Mansur Mirovalev"Moscow museum puts Lenin's Jewish roots on display" Associated Press, 23 May 2011 . References 2. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Soviet_Encyclopedia External links *''Great Soviet Encyclopedia''Entry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vatslav Vorovsky
Vatslav Vatslavovich Vorovsky ( Russian: Ва́цлав Ва́цлавович Воро́вский; Polish: Wacław Worowski) (27 October Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 15 October1871 – 10 May 1923) was a Russian Bolsheviks">Bolshevik, Marxist revolutionary, literary critic, publicist and Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Soviet diplomat. One of the first Soviet diplomats, Vorovsky is best remembered as the victim of a May 1923 political assassination in Lausanne, Switzerland, where he was the official representative of the Soviet government to the Conference of Lausanne. Biography Early years Vatslav Vorovsky was born on 27 October 1871 (n.s.) in Moscow, the son of an ethnically Polish but Russified noble and engineer.Branko Lazitch with Milorad M. Drachkovitch, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Comintern: New, Revised, and Expanded Edition.'' Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1986; pp. 498–499. His fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Nevsky
Vladimir Ivanovich Nevsky (Russian: Влади́мир Ива́нович Не́вский; 14 May O.S. 2 May">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 2 May1876, Rostov on Don – 26 May 1937, Moscow) was a Russian people, Russian revolutionary, Bolshevik functionary, Soviet Union, Soviet statesman, professor and historian. Early career Nevsky was born Feodosii Ivanovich Krivobokov to a wealthy family of Old Believers in Rostov-on-Don. His father was a merchant, and his grandparents were Cossacks. He became involved in a political circle in 1895, and organised an illegal Social Democratic group in 1897. He joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1898, as a student at Moscow University, shortly after the party was founded. He was expelled from university in 1899 for his revolutionary activities and sent back to Rostov under police supervision. He returned to Moscow, but was arrested again in 1901, held in prison for eig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demyan Bedny
Yefim Alekseevich Pridvorov ( rus, Ефи́м Алексе́евич Придво́ров, p=jɪˈfʲim ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ prʲɪˈdvorəf, a=Yefim Alyeksyeyevich Pridvorov.ru.vorb.oga; – May 25, 1945), better known by the pen name Demyan Bedny ( rus, Демья́н Бе́дный, p=dʲɪˈmʲjan ˈbʲednɨj, a=Dyem'yan Byednyy.ru.vorb.oga, ''Damian the Poor''), was a Soviet Russian poet, Bolshevik and satirist. Life Efim Pridvorov was born to a poor family in Hubivka village, in Kherson Province, in Ukraine. At the age of seven, his father took him to live in Elizavetgrad, (Kirovohrad) but six years later was sent back to his home village to live with his mother "in extreme poverty". When he was 14, his father secured him a paid-for place in a feldsher training college in Kyiv. This was followed by four years of military service. In 1904, he entered the philological and historical faculty of Petersburg University. His university years coincided with the heady ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
