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Zongga
Dzongka () or Zongga () is a town and the administrative headquarters of Gyirong County in the southwestern Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet region of China bordering Nepal. Being the administrative headquarters, it is also sometimes referred to as "Gyirong Dzong" or "Gyirong Town", but it is different from the original Kyirong Town in the southern part of the county. Dzongka and Gyirong County were on the ancient trade route between the Kathmandu Valley and Tibet. During the 18th century, the region faced an Sino-Nepalese War, invasion from Nepal, which resulted in some destruction of the town. Name "Dzongka" means "mud wall" in Tibetan. The town had eight-metre-high mud walls around it, which is believed to have led to this popular name. The original name of the town, as well as the region, was Gungthang (var: Gungtang, ). Geography Dzongka lies at an altitude of in the valley of Kyirong Tsangpo near the confluence of its two river source, source streams, Zarong Chu and Gy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyirong County
Kyirong or Gyirong County (), also known by its Chinese name Jilong ( zh, s=吉隆县), is a county of the Shigatse Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. It is famous for its mild climatically conditions and its abundant vegetation which is unusual for the Tibetan plateau. The capital lies at Zongga (Gungthang). Its name in Tibetan, Dzongka, means "mud walls". It is one of the four counties that comprise the Qomolangma National Nature Preserve (Kyirong, Dinggyê, Nyalam, and Tingri). In 1945, Peter Aufschnaiter counted 26 temples and monasteries which covered the area of sKyid-grong and the neighboring La-sdebs. The most famous temple of sKyid-grong is the Byams-sprin lha-khang, erected by the famous Tibetan king Srong-btsan sgam-po ( Songtsän Gampo) as one of the four Yang-´dul temples in the 7th century A.D. During the 11th century, the famous South Asian scholar Atisha visited sKyi-grong. sKyid-grong was one of the favorite meditation places of the Tibetan Yog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sino-Nepalese War
The Sino-Nepalese War (), also known as the Sino-Gorkha War and in Chinese as the campaign of Gorkha (), was a war fought between the Qing dynasty of China and the Kingdom of Nepal in the late 18th century following an invasion of Tibet by the Nepalese Nepali people, Gorkhas. It was initially fought between Gorkhas and Tibetan armies in 1788 over a trade dispute related to a long-standing problem of low-quality coins manufactured by Nepal for Tibet. The Nepalese Army under Bahadur Shah of Nepal, Bahadur Shah plundered Tibet which was a Tibet under Qing rule, Qing protectorate and Tibetans signed the Treaty of Kerung paying annual tribute to Nepal. However, Tibetans requested Chinese intervention and the Chinese imperial military forces under Fuk'anggan were sent to Tibet and repulsed the Gurkhas from the Tibetan plateau in 1792. Sino-Tibetan forces marched into Nepal up to Nuwakot, Nuwakot, Nuwakot (near Nepal's capital Kathmandu) but faced a strong Nepalese counterattack. Thus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Towns Of The People's Republic Of China
When referring to Administrative divisions of China#Township level (4th), political divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese (traditional: ; zh, p=zhèn , w=chen4). The Constitution of the People's Republic of China classifies towns as fourth-level administrative units, along with, for example, Townships of China, townships ( zh, s=乡 , p=xiāng). A township is typically smaller in population and more remote than a town. Similar to higher-level administrative units, the borders of a town would typically include an urban core (a small town with the population on the order of 10,000 people), as well as a rural area with some Villages of China, villages ( zh, labels=no, s=村 , p=cūn, or zh, labels=no, s=庄 , p=zhuāng). Map representation A typical provincial map would merely show a town as a circle centered at its urban area and labeled with its name, while a more detailed one (e.g., a map of a single county-level division) would also s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milarepa By The 10th Karmapa
Jetsun Milarepa (, 1028/40–1111/23) was a Tibetan , who was famously known as a murderer when he was a young man, before turning to Buddhism and becoming a highly accomplished Buddhist disciple. He is generally considered one of Tibet's most famous yogis and spiritual poets, whose teachings are known among several schools of Tibetan Buddhism. He was a student of Marpa Lotsawa, and a major figure in the history of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. He is also famous for the feat of climbing Mount Kailash. Biography Milarepa's life-story is famous in Tibetan culture, and retold many times. The best-known biography, ''The Life of Milarepa'', written by Tsangnyön Heruka (1452–1507) in the fifteenth century and drawing from older biographies, is still very popular. Most of the present-day stories on Milarepa come from this single source, with oral lineage predominating as well as relics including his bearskin coat. While "very little s knownabout him as a historical person ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder and first emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China. He proclaimed the dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271, and ruled Yuan China until his death in 1294. Kublai was the second son of Tolui by his chief wife Sorghaghtani Beki, and a grandson of Genghis Khan. He was almost 12 when Genghis Khan died in 1227. He had succeeded his older brother Möngke as Khagan in 1260, but had to defeat his younger brother Ariq Böke in the Toluid Civil War lasting until 1264. This episode marked the beginning of the division of the Mongol Empire. Kublai's real power was limited to the Yuan Empire, even though as Khagan he still influenced the Ilkhanate and, to a significantly lesser degree, the Golden Horde. In 1271, Kublai established the Yuan dynasty and formally claimed orthodox succession from prior Chinese dynasties. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibet Under Yuan Rule
Tibet under Yuan rule refers to the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty's rule over Tibet from approximately 1270 to 1354. During the Yuan dynasty, Tibet was administered by an organization that was structurally, militarily and administratively subordinate to the Yuan court. Tibet was conquered by the Mongols led by a general titled ''doord darkhan'' in 1240 and Mongol rule was established after Sakya Pandita obtained power over Tibet through the Mongols in 1244. This period and administration has been called the Sakya dynasty (, ) after the favored Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. The region retained a degree of political autonomy under the Sakya lama, who was the ''de jure'' head of Tibet and a spiritual leader of the Mongol Empire under the priest and patron relationship. However, administrative and military rule of Tibet remained under the auspices of the Yuan government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs (''Xuanzheng Yuan''), a top-level administrative depa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakya Monastery
Sakya Monastery (), also known as Pel Sakya (; "White Earth" or "Pale Earth"), is a Buddhist monastery situated in Sa'gya Town (ས་སྐྱ་), Sa'gya County, about west of Shigatse in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China. The monastery is considered as the seat of the Sakya (or Sakyapa) school of Tibetan Buddhism. History Sakya Monastery was founded in 1073, by Khön Könchok Gyalpo (; 1034–1102), originally a Nyingmapa monk of the powerful House of Khön of Tsang, who became the first Sakya Trizin. The "southern monastery" was founded under the orders of Drogön Chögyal Phagpa in 1268, across a river from the earlier structures. 130,000 workers were reportedly drafted for its construction. Its powerful abbots governed Tibet during the 13th and the 14th centuries under the overlordship of Yuan China after the downfall of the Tibetan Empire, until they were eclipsed by the rise of the new Kagyu and Gelug schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Most of the southern monas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milarepa
Jetsun Milarepa (, 1028/40–1111/23) was a Tibetan , who was famously known as a murderer when he was a young man, before turning to Buddhism and becoming a highly accomplished Buddhist disciple. He is generally considered one of Tibet's most famous yogis and spiritual poets, whose teachings are known among several schools of Tibetan Buddhism. He was a student of Marpa Lotsawa, and a major figure in the history of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. He is also famous for the feat of climbing Mount Kailash. Biography Milarepa's life-story is famous in Tibetan culture, and retold many times. The best-known biography, ''The Life of Milarepa'', written by Tsangnyön Heruka (1452–1507) in the fifteenth century and drawing from older biographies, is still very popular. Most of the present-day stories on Milarepa come from this single source, with oral lineage predominating as well as relics including his bearskin coat. While "very little [is known] about him as a historical per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ü-Tsang
Ü-Tsang (དབུས་གཙང་། Wylie; dbus gtsang) is one of the three Tibetan regions, the others being Amdo to the northeast and Kham to the east. Geographically Ü-Tsang covers the Yarlung Tsanpo drainage basin, the western districts surrounding and extending past Mount Kailash, and much of the Changtang plateau to the north. The Himalayas define Ü-Tsang's southern border. Ü-Tsang is the cultural heartland of the Tibetan people. It was formed by the merging of two earlier power centers of Ü (), controlled by the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism under the early Dalai Lamas, and Tsang (), which extended from Gyantse to the west and was controlled by the rival Sakya lineage. Military victories by the Khoshut Güshi Khan who had backed the 5th Dalai Lama consolidated power over the combined region. The region of Ngari in the northwest was incorporated into Ü-Tsang after the Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal War. The Yarlung dynasty had governed the Yarlung and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyide Nyimagon
Kyide Nyimagon (), whose original name was Khri-skyid-lding, was a member of the Yarlung dynasty of Tibet and a descendant of emperor Langdarma. He migrated to Western Tibet and founded the kingdom of Ngari Khorsum ("the three divisions of Ngari") around 912 CE. After his death in 930 CE, his large kingdom was divided among his three sons, giving rise to the three kingdoms of Maryul (Ladakh), Guge-Purang and Zanskar- Spiti. Family After the assassination of the emperor Langdarma, the Tibetan empire entered a period of civil war over succession by Langdarma's two sons (Yum-brtan) and ('Odsrung), which divided the empire into two parts. Ösung's son Depal Khortsen (–) is believed to have controlled most or part of Central Tibet. Nyimagon was one of the sons of Depal Khortsen, the other being Trashi Tsentsän (''bKraśis-brtsegs-brtsan''). Both the sons fled Ü-Tsang (Central Tibet) in 910 when their father was murdered, at the end of the 3rd , which is taken to mark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Depal Khortsen
Depal Khortsen (, c. 870 – 900) was a ruler of Tibet according to the Ladakhi Chronicles. He was a grandson of Langdarma and the father of Kyide Nyimagon Kyide Nyimagon (), whose original name was Khri-skyid-lding, was a member of the Yarlung dynasty of Tibet and a descendant of emperor Langdarma. He migrated to Western Tibet and founded the kingdom of Ngari Khorsum ("the three divisions of .... He was responsible for erecting eight early monasteries including an "Upper Mngahris" monastery (identity unknown). He also encouraged the mass production of copies of scriptures to spread religion. References Emperors of Tibet 9th-century monarchs in Asia 870 births 900 deaths {{China-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Śāntarakṣita
(Sanskrit: शान्तरक्षित; , 725–788),stanford.eduŚāntarakṣita (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)/ref> whose name translates into English as "protected by the One who is at peace" was an important and influential Indian Buddhist philosopher, particularly for the Tibetan Buddhist tradition. Śāntarakṣita was a philosopher of the Madhyamaka school who studied at Nalanda monastery under Jñānagarbha, and became the founder of Samye, the first Buddhist monastery in Tibet. Śāntarakṣita defended a synthetic philosophy which combined Madhyamaka, Yogācāra and the logico-epistemology of Dharmakirti into a novel Madhyamaka philosophical system.Blumenthal (2018) This philosophical approach is known as ''Yogācāra-Mādhyamika'' or ''Yogācāra-Svatantrika-Mādhyamika'' in Tibetan Buddhism. Unlike other Madhyamaka philosophers, Śāntarakṣita accepted Yogācāra doctrines like mind-only (''cittamatra'') and self-reflective awareness (''svasamveda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
