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Zoks
Zoks (), are an ethnographic group of Armenians. They were the indigenous population of the Goghtn province, including Agulis—a large late medieval Armenian region—and several surrounding villages. The name "Zok" comes from the use of a preposition in conversation in the local dialect of the Armenian language. The Zok dialect is one of the 31 dialects of the Armenian language and is similar to the Syunik dialect. The origin of the Zoks and the Zok dialect Zoks are Armenians who migrated from the Syunik region to the Goghtn region. They spoke the Zok or Agulis dialect of Armenian, which closely resembles the Syunik dialect. Although it is linguistically close to the Eastern Armenian dialect, it is somewhat unintelligible to speakers of the latter. This difference has led to many myths regarding the origin of the Zoks. In the Armenian language, there are several demonstrative pronouns such as "ays", "ayd", and "ayn" (meaning "this" and "that"). In the old Goghtn dialect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agulis (historical Village)
Agulis (or Augulis, Aguillar, or Akoulis) was a historical Armenian village located in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Nakhichevan region of present-day Azerbaijan. The village played an essential role in Armenian history due to its cultural, strategic, and historical significance. Dozens of Armenian churches existed up until 1919 when the Armenian population was Agulis massacre, massacred by Azeri and Turkish soldiers and which resulted in the destruction of the town. History Agulis was an important center of Armenian language, Armenian culture and learning. The village was home to several notable Armenian schools, monasteries, and churches, including the Surb Astvatsatsin Church, also known as the Church of the Holy Mother of God, which was built in the 17th century. The church is known for its unique architectural design and its impressive wall paintings. The village was also home to several renowned Armenian scholars, writers, and religious leaders. During the 13th and 14t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zok Language
Zok language (), also known as Agulis–Meghri, is a variety of Eastern Armenian. It is commonly considered a dialect, but is unintelligible to speakers of Standard Eastern Armenian. Its speakers refer to it as or the "Zok language" or "Agulis dialect". Zok is significantly different from other Armenian varieties, leading to myths about its origins. However, in reality, the Zoks are an indigenous Armenian community from the Nakhichevan region. History Originally spoken in Nakhijevan, which is now part of Azerbaijan, the last Armenians of Nakhijevan were forced to leave due to conflict in 1988. In 1935, Zok had approximately 10,000 speakers according to Acharyan, but it is now certain that the number of speakers is much smaller, likely less than 1,000. The Paraka dialect is estimated to have fewer than 50 living speakers based on the Armenian National Archive's data of a population of 90 residents in the village at the time of the last Armenian displacement in 1988. Zok's vowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agulis (historical)
Agulis (or Augulis, Aguillar, or Akoulis) was a historical Armenian village located in the Nakhichevan region of present-day Azerbaijan. The village played an essential role in Armenian history due to its cultural, strategic, and historical significance. Dozens of Armenian churches existed up until 1919 when the Armenian population was massacred by Azeri and Turkish soldiers and which resulted in the destruction of the town. History Agulis was an important center of Armenian culture and learning. The village was home to several notable Armenian schools, monasteries, and churches, including the Surb Astvatsatsin Church, also known as the Church of the Holy Mother of God, which was built in the 17th century. The church is known for its unique architectural design and its impressive wall paintings. The village was also home to several renowned Armenian scholars, writers, and religious leaders. During the 13th and 14th centuries trade among Asia Minor and Italy was provided mainly b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenians
Armenians (, ) are an ethnic group indigenous to the Armenian highlands of West Asia.Robert Hewsen, Hewsen, Robert H. "The Geography of Armenia" in ''The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century''. Richard G. Hovannisian (ed.) New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997, pp. 1–17 Armenians constitute the main demographic group in Armenia and constituted the main population of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh until their Flight of Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians, subsequent flight due to the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh, 2023 Azerbaijani offensive. There is a large Armenian diaspora, diaspora of around five million people of Armenian ancestry living outside the Republic of Armenia. The largest Armenian populations exist in Armenians in Russia, Russia, the Armenian Americans, United States, Armenians in France, France, Armenians in Georgia, Georgia, Iranian Armenians, Iran, Armenians in Germany, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnic Armenian People
Armenians (, ) are an ethnic group indigenous to the Armenian highlands of West Asia. Hewsen, Robert H. "The Geography of Armenia" in ''The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century''. Richard G. Hovannisian (ed.) New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997, pp. 1–17 Armenians constitute the main demographic group in Armenia and constituted the main population of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh until their subsequent flight due to the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive. There is a large diaspora of around five million people of Armenian ancestry living outside the Republic of Armenia. The largest Armenian populations exist in Russia, the United States, France, Georgia, Iran, Germany, Ukraine, Lebanon, Brazil, Argentina, Syria, and Turkey. The present-day Armenian diaspora was formed mainly as a result of the Armenian genocide with the exceptions of Iran, former Soviet states, and parts of the Levant. Richard G. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuk Abeghyan
Manuk Khachaturi Abeghyan (, , alternatively Manouk Abeghian or Manuk Abeghian, 1865 – 26 September 1944) was an Armenian philologist, literary scholar, folklorist, lexicographer and linguist. He authored numerous scholarly works, including a comprehensive two-volume history of old Armenian literature titled (1944–1946), and a volume on Armenian folklore, the German version of which is titled . He worked extensively on the compilation and study of the Armenian national epic '' Daredevils of Sassoun''. He is also remembered as the main designer of the reformed Armenian orthography used in Armenia to this day. He was one of the first professors of Yerevan State University and was a founding member of the Armenian National Academy of Sciences. The Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia is named in his honor. Early life Manuk Abeghyan was born on 1865 in the village of Tazakand (modern-day Babak, Azerbaijan) in the Nakhichevan uezd of the Eri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Indo-European Language
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. No direct record of Proto-Indo-European exists; its proposed features have been derived by linguistic reconstruction from documented Indo-European languages. Far more work has gone into reconstructing PIE than any other proto-language, and it is the best understood of all proto-languages of its age. The majority of linguistic work during the 19th century was devoted to the reconstruction of PIE and its daughter languages, and many of the modern techniques of linguistic reconstruction (such as the comparative method) were developed as a result. PIE is hypothesized to have been spoken as a single language from approximately 4500 BCE to 2500 BCE during the Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age, though estimates vary by more than a thousand years. According to the prevailing Kurgan hypothesis, the original homeland of the Proto-Indo-Europeans may have been in the Pon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Armenian Language
Proto-Armenian is the earlier, unattested stage of the Armenian language which has been reconstructed by linguists. As Armenian is the only known language of its branch of the Indo-European languages, the comparative method cannot be used to reconstruct its earlier stages. Instead, a combination of internal and external reconstruction, by reconstructions of Proto-Indo-European and other branches, has allowed linguists to piece together the earlier history of Armenian. Definition Proto-Armenian, as the ancestor of only one living language, has no clear definition of the term. It is generally held to include a variety of ancestral stages of Armenian between Proto-Indo-European and the earliest attestations of Classical Armenian. It is thus not a proto-language in the strict sense, but "Proto-Armenian" is a term that has become common in the field. The earliest attestation of Armenian is the 5th-century Bible translation of Mesrop Mashtots. The earlier history of the language i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classical Armenian
Classical Armenian (, , ; meaning "literary anguage; also Old Armenian or Liturgical Armenian) is the oldest attested form of the Armenian language. It was first written down at the beginning of the 5th century, and most Armenian literature from then through the 18th century is in Classical Armenian. Many ancient manuscripts originally written in Ancient Greek, Hebrew, Syriac and Latin survive only in Armenian translation. Classical Armenian itself, in turn, was heavily influenced by the Iranian languages, in particular by Parthian. Classical Armenian continues to be the liturgical language of the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Armenian Catholic Church and is often learned by Biblical, Intertestamental, and Patristic scholars dedicated to textual studies. Classical Armenian is also important for the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European language. Phonology Vowels There are seven monophthongs: * (Ա), (Ի), (Ը), or open ''e'' (Ե), or closed ''e'' (Է ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vowel Shift
A vowel shift is a systematic sound change in the pronunciation of the vowel sounds of a language. The best-known example in the English language is the Great Vowel Shift, which began in the 15th century. The Greek language also underwent a vowel shift near the beginning of the Common Era, which included iotacism. Among the Semitic languages, the Canaanite languages underwent a shift in which Proto-Semitic *ā became ō in Proto-Canaanite (a language likely very similar to Biblical Hebrew). A vowel shift can involve a merger of two previously different sounds, or it can be a chain shift. US examples One of the several major vowel shifts that is currently underway in the US is the Northern Cities Vowel Shift. This change pattern is characterized by the longer and lower vowels moving forward and upward, while the shorter vowels move downward and backward. This vowel rotation, for example, is noticeable as the vowel sound in "coffee" is moving toward the vowel in "father". ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (, ) is a landlocked country, landlocked Enclave and exclave, exclave of the Azerbaijan, Republic of Azerbaijan. The region covers Official portal of Nakhchivan Autonomous RepublicNakhchivan Autonomous Republic with a population of 459,600. It is bordered by Armenia to the east and north, Iran to the southwest, and Turkey to the west. It is the sole autonomous republic of Azerbaijan, governed by Supreme Assembly (Nakhchivan), its own elected legislature. The republic, especially the capital city of Nakhchivan (city), Nakhchivan, has a long history dating back to about 1500 BC. ''Nakhijevan'' was one the Provinces of the kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), cantons of the historical Armenian province of Vaspurakan in the Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Kingdom of Armenia. Historically, the Persians, Armenians, Mongols, and Turkic peoples, Turks all competed for the region. The area that is now Nakhchivan became part of Safavid Iran in the 16th centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kələki
Kələki (also, Kalaki, Kalakik and Kyalaki) is a village and municipality in the Ordubad District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It is located on the Ordubad-Unus highway, 45 km in the north-east from the district center. People of the village is busy with gardening, vegetable-growing, animal husbandry. There are secondary school, club, library and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 463. History Kələki is a village of the Ordubad district in the administrative unit of the Unus village, on the bank of the Vənəndçay river, on the foothill of the Uçurdağ mountain. The village got its name from the nearby ruins of the castle. The name made out the words in Arabic-language "kala" (castle) and in Persian-language, the word "ki" (mountain) of the phonetic version of "kuh" so it roughly translates to "mountain castle". The village had an Armenian church ( St. Stepanos Church), which continued to exist until the early 2000s and it was destroyed at some poi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
