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Zhaolian
Zhaolian (26 March 1776 – 14 January 1830), courtesy name Jixiu, was a Manchu prince of the imperial Aisin Gioro clan during the Qing dynasty. A 6th-generation descendant of prince Giyesu, he was the 9th holder of the Prince Li (禮) title, which he held from 1805 to 1816. In 1816, his title was stripped after it was discovered that he tortured servants Cheng Jianzhong (程建忠), Cheng Jianyi (程建義) and others. He was put under house arrest for the subsequent 3 years and never recovered the princely title. A bibliophile, Zhaolian was friends with famous intellectuals like Wei Yuan, Gong Zizhen, Ji Yun and Yuan Mei. His non-fiction writings on politics, government, history and literature were posthumously collected into 2 books": ''Xiaoting Zalu'' (嘯亭雜錄/啸亭雜録; "Miscellaneous Records of the Roaring Pavilion"), and ''Xiaoting Xulu'' (嘯亭續錄/啸亭续录; "Continued Records of the Roaring Pavilion"). Family Father: Yong'en (永恩), prince Ligong of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yong'en
Yong'en (永恩; 12 September 1727 – 10 April 1805) was the second son of Chong'an, Prince Kangxiu of the First Rank. Life He held the title of '' beile'' from 1734 to 1753, when his uncle Bartu succeeded to the title of Prince Kang of the First Rank. He succeeded the peerage under the title Prince Kang of the First Rank in 1753. By the virtues of his ancestor Daišan, the peerage was renamed to "Prince Li of the First Rank" in 1778. Yong'en was described as respectful, indifferent and thrifty to himself. The prince was versed in art and literature - he created several pictures inspired by "Eight Houses of Jinling" and Lu Qiang. His written works include: *"Collection of Studio of Benefit" (《益斋集》, pinyin: yizhaiji), *"The story of the family of Yaonai" (《姚鼐撰家传》, pinyin: yaonaizhuanjiachuan), *Four types of ripple garden" (《漪园四种》, pinyin: yiyuansizhong) * "History of the Hall of Sincere Rightness" (《诚正堂稿》, pinyin: chengzhen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Li (禮)
Prince Li of the First Rank (Manchu language, Manchu: ; ''hošoi doronggo cin wang''), or simply Prince Li, was the title of a Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty#Rule of inheritance, princely peerage of the Manchu people, Manchu-led Qing dynasty of China. It was also one of the Aisin Gioro#Iron-cap princes and their descendants, 12 "iron-cap" princely peerages in the Qing dynasty, which meant that the title could be passed down without being downgraded. The first bearer of the title was Daišan (1583–1648), the second son of Nurhaci, the founder of the Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty. He was awarded the title in 1636 by his half-brother, Hong Taiji, who succeeded their father to the Later Jin throne and who later founded the Qing dynasty. The peerage was renamed to Prince Xun of the First Rank (Prince Xun) in 1651 during the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor, and to Prince Kang of the First Rank (Prince Kang) in 1659, before it was renamed back to Prince Li of the Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aisin Gioro
The House of Aisin-Gioro is a Manchu clan that ruled the Later Jin dynasty (1616–1636), the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), and Manchukuo (1932–1945) in the history of China. Under the Ming dynasty, members of the Aisin Gioro clan served as chiefs of the Jianzhou Jurchens, one of the three major Jurchen tribes at this time. Qing bannermen passed through the gates of the Great Wall in 1644, and eventually conquered the short-lived Shun dynasty, Xi dynasty and Southern Ming dynasty. After gaining total control of China proper, the Qing dynasty later expanded into other adjacent regions, including Xinjiang, Tibet, Outer Mongolia, and Taiwan. The dynasty reached its zenith during the High Qing era and under the Qianlong Emperor, who reigned from 1735 to 1796. This reign was followed by a century of gradual decline. The house lost power in 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution. Puyi, the last Aisin-Gioro emperor, nominally maintained his imperial title in the Forbidden City un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Li , created in 1724
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Prince Li may refer to any of the following princely peerages of the Qing dynasty in China: * Prince Li (禮), created in 1636 * Prince Li (理) Prince Li of the First Rank, or simply Prince Li, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Li peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qing Dynasty Imperial Princes
The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China. At its height of power, the empire stretched from the Sea of Japan in the east to the Pamir Mountains in the west, and from the Mongolian Plateau in the north to the South China Sea in the south. Originally emerging from the Later Jin dynasty founded in 1616 and proclaimed in Shenyang in 1636, the dynasty seized control of the Ming capital Beijing and North China in 1644, traditionally considered the start of the dynasty's rule. The dynasty lasted until the Xinhai Revolution of October 1911 led to the abdication of the last emperor in February 1912. The multi-ethnic Qing dynasty assembled the territorial base for modern China. The Qing controlled the most territory of any dynasty in Chinese history, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1830 Deaths
It is known in European history as a rather tumultuous year with the Revolutions of 1830 in France, Belgium, Poland, Switzerland and Italy. Events January–March * January 11 – LaGrange College (later the University of North Alabama) begins operation, becoming the first publicly chartered college in Alabama. * January 12 – Webster–Hayne debate: In the United States Congress, Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina debates against Daniel Webster of Massachusetts about the question of states' rights vs. federal authority. The debate lasts until –January 27. * February 3 – The London Protocol (1830), London Protocol establishes the full independence and sovereignty of Greece from the Ottoman Empire, as the result of the Greek War of Independence. * February 5 – A fire destroys the Argyll Rooms in London, where the Philharmonic Society of London presents concerts, but firefighters are able to prevent its further spread by use of their new equipment, steam-powered fire e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1776 Births
Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the Kingdom of Great Britain, British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot (American Revolution), Patriot forces. * January 10 – American Revolution – Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet ''Common Sense (pamphlet), Common Sense'', arguing for independence from British rule in the Thirteen Colonies. * January 20 – American Revolution – South Carolina Loyalist (American Revolution), Loyalists led by Robert Cunningham sign a petition from prison, agreeing to all demands for peace by the formed state government of South Carolina. * January 24 – American Revolution – Henry Knox arrives at Cambridge, Massachusetts, with the Noble train of artillery, artillery that he has transported from Fort Ticonderoga. * February 17 – Edward Gibbon publishes the first volume of ''The Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irgen Gioro
Irgen Gioro (; ) is a Manchu clan and family name, which was officially categorized as a "notable clan", and member of the eight great houses of the Manchu nobility in Qing dynasty. Sibe and Nanai people also has Irgen Gioro as their family name. History The origin of Irgen Gioro does not have a decisive conclusion. According to a famous anecdote, the ancestors of Irgen Gioro were the emperors Huizong, Qinzong, and other imperial family members of Song dynasty who were captured by the Jurchens in the Jingkang Incident of the Jin–Song wars. The Manchu emperors had also bestowed their family name to the founding ministers or generals who rendered outstanding service to the empire. In order to differentiate from Aisin Gioro the Manchu imperial family, "Irgen" was added with the meaning of "regular citizen" or "common people" and the implication of "non-imperial". At the early period of Manchu Empire, Irgen Gioro were recorded as 340 households. They mainly distributed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Šumuru
Šumuru (Manchu language, Manchu: ; zh, c=舒穆祿氏) was one of the eight great clans of Manchu nobility (满清八大姓). After the Imperial Edict of the Abdication of the Qing Emperor, demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to the Chinese surnames ''Shu (surname), Shu'' (舒), ''Xú (surname), Xu'' (徐) or ''Xiao (surname), Xiao'' (蕭). Notable figures Males * Yangguri (; 1572–1637), military figure and prince ** Tatai (塔台) ***Aixinga (d. 1664), Yangguri's grandson; coadjutor in the invasion of Burma * Tantai (), Yangguri's cousin * Fushan (富善), Aixinga's son, first-class duke ** Haijin (海金), Fushan's son *** Fengsheng'e (丰盛额), a first rank military official (都统) and held the title of first-class Yingcheng duke (一等英诚公) **** Feng'an (丰安), held the title of first-class Yingcheng duke (一等英诚公) * Folun (; d. 1701), served as the Three Departments and Six Ministries#Six Ministries, Minister of W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuan Mei
Yuan Mei (; 1716–1797) was a Chinese poet of the Qing dynasty. He was often mentioned with Ji Yun as the "Nan Yuan Bei Ji" (). Biography Early life Yuan Mei was born in Qiantang (, in modern Hangzhou), Zhejiang province, to a cultured family who had never before attained high office. He achieved the degree of '' jinshi'' in 1739 at the young age of 23 and was immediately appointed to the Hanlin Academy (). Then, from 1742 to 1748, Yuan Mei served as a magistrate in four different locations in Jiangsu. However, in 1748, shortly after being assigned to administer part of Nanjing, he resigned his post and returned to his hometown to pursue his literary interest. Literary career In the decades before his death, Yuan Mei produced a large body of poetry, essays and paintings. His works reflected his interest in Chan Buddhism and the supernatural, at the expense of Daoism and institutional Buddhism - both of which he rejected. Yuan is most famous for his poetry, which has been des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gong Zizhen
Gong Zizhen ; 1792–1841), courtesy name(''zi'') Seren, literary name (''hao'') Ding'an, was a Chinese poet, calligrapher and intellectual active in the 19th century whose works both foreshadowed and influenced the modernization movements of the late Qing dynasty. Biography He was born August 22, 1792, in the town of Renhe near Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, into an eminent family of scholars and officials. He moved to the capital Beijing with his parents when he was six, about 1100 kilometers to the northwest of his hometown. As a child, he was required to read all the classics in literature, poetry and philosophy. Gong was a grandson of the famous philologist Duan Yucai, who put a lot of hope in Gong and began educating him in the Han period old text classics. Later on Gong studied the new text tradition under Liu Fenglu, as well as Tiantai Buddhism under Jiang Tiejun. But, when he grew up, Gong became more interested in social and government affairs. In 1821 when he was 29, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ji Yun
Ji Yun (; 1724–1805), also known as Ji Xiaolan () or Ji Chunfan () was a Chinese philosopher, politician, and writer. He was an influential scholar of Qing dynasty China and many anecdotes have been recorded about him. Ji Yun left behind a book entitled ''Notes of the Thatched Abode of Close Observations'' (閱微草堂筆記) and another book named ''Wenda Gong Yiji'' (紀文達公遺集; "Collected Works of Lord Wenda", i.e. Ji Xiaolan), which was edited by later generations. He was often mentioned with Yuan Mei as the "Nan Yuan Bei Ji" (). Background Ji Yun was born in Xian County of Zhili province (modern Hebei). When he was young, he was deemed intelligent. His father Ji Rongsu was a civil minister and archaeologist. Career In 1747, Ji Yun rose to intellectual prominence after winning the highest distinction in the provincial Imperial examination, examinations. Several years later, in 1754, he attained the jinshi degree, whereupon he entered the Hanlin Academy. Ji Yun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
