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Zamorin
The Samoothiri (Anglicised as Zamorin; Malayalam: , , Arabic: ''Sāmuri'', Portuguese: ''Samorim'', Dutch: ''Samorijn'', Chinese: ''Shamitihsi''Ma Huan's Ying-yai Sheng-lan: 'The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores' 433 Translated and Edited by J. V. G. Mills. Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society (1970).) was the title of the erstwhile ruler and monarch of the Calicut kingdom in the South Malabar region of India. Originating from the former feudal kingdom of Nediyiruppu Swaroopam, the Samoothiris and their vassal kings from Nilambur Kovilakam established Calicut as one of the most important trading ports on the southwest coast of India. At the peak of their reign, they ruled over a region extending from Kozhikode Kollam to the forested borders of Panthalayini Kollam (Koyilandy).Varier, M. R. Raghava. "Documents of Investiture Ceremonies" in K. K. N. Kurup, Edit., "India's Naval Traditions". Northern Book Centre, New Delhi, 1997K. V. Krishna Iyer, ''Zamorin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calicut Kingdom
The kingdom of Kozhikode (Malayalam: ), also known as Calicut, was the kingdom of the Zamorin of Calicut, in the present-day Indian state of Kerala. Present-day Kozhikode is the second largest city in Kerala, as well as the headquarters of Kozhikode district. Kozhikode was dubbed the "city of spices" for its role as the major trading point of eastern spices during the Middle Ages and probably as early as Classical antiquity. The port at Kozhikode held the superior economic and political position in medieval Kerala coast, while Kannur, Kollam, and Kochi, were commercially important secondary ports, where the traders from various parts of the world would gather.''The Portuguese, Indian Ocean and European Bridgeheads 1500–1800''. Festschrift in Honour of Prof. K. S. Mathew (2001). Edited by: Pius Malekandathil and T. Jamal Mohammed. Fundacoa Oriente. Institute for Research in Social Sciences and Humanities of MESHAR (Kerala). It was once the capital of an independent kingdom by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Kerala
''Kerala'' was first epigraphically recorded as ''Cheras'' (Chera dynasty, Keralaputra) in a 3rd-century BCE rock inscription by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka of Magadha (Mahajanapada), Magadha. It was mentioned as one of four independent kingdoms in southern India during Ashoka's time, the others being the Chola Empire, Cholas, Pandya Empire, Pandyas and Athiyamān, Satyaputras. The Cheras transformed Kerala into an international trade centre by establishing trade relations across the Arabian Sea with all major Mediterranean and Red Sea ports as well those of Eastern Africa and the Far East. The dominion of Cheras was located in one of the key routes of the ancient Indian Ocean trade. The early Cheras collapsed after repeated attacks from the neighboring Chola Empire, Cholas and Rashtrakuta Empire, Rashtrakutas. In the 8th century, Adi Shankara was born in Kalady in central Kerala. He travelled extensively across the Indian subcontinent founding institutions of the widely influenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kozhikode
Kozhikode (), also known as Calicut, is a city along the Malabar Coast in the state of Kerala in India. Known as the City of Spices, Kozhikode is listed among the City of Literature, UNESCO's Cities of Literature. It is the nineteenth largest urban agglomeration in the country and the second largest one in Kerala. Calicut city is the second largest city proper in the state with a corporation limit population of 609,224 Calicut is classified as a Tier-2 city by the Government of India. It is the largest city on the Malabar Coast and was the capital of the British-era Malabar District, Malabar district. It was the capital of an independent kingdom ruled by the Samoothiris (Zamorins). The port at Kozhikode acted as the gateway to the medieval South Indian coast for the Chinese people, Chinese, the Persians, the Arabs, and finally the Europeans. According to data compiled by economics research firm Indicus Analytics in 2009 on residences, earnings and investments, Kozhikode was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Malabar
South Malabar refers to a geographical area of the southwestern coast of India covering some parts of the present-day Kerala state. South Malabar covers the regions included in present-day Kozhikode and Thamarassery Tehsil, taluk of Kozhikode district, Wayanad district excluding Mananthavady taluk, the whole area of Malappuram district, Chavakkad taluk of Thrissur district, and Palakkad district, excluding parts of Chittur, Palakkad, Chittur taluk. The Fort Kochi region of Kochi city also historically belongs to South Malabar. The term South Malabar refers to the region of the erstwhile Malabar District south to the river Korapuzha, and north to the Thrissur Chavakkad region Under British rule, South Malabar's chief importance lay in producing coconut, Malabar pepper, pepper, and tiles. Old administrative records of the erstwhile Madras Presidency recorded that the most remarkable plantation owned by the government in the Madras Presidency was the teak plantation at Nilambur, plant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyder Ali
Hyder Ali (''Haidar'alī''; ; 1720 – 7 December 1782) was the Sultan and ''de facto'' ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born as Hyder Ali, he distinguished himself as a soldier, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore's rulers. Rising to the post of Dalavayi ( commander-in-chief) to Krishnaraja Wodeyar II, he came to dominate the titular monarch and the Mysore government. He became the ''de facto'' ruler, King of Mysore as Sarvadhikari (Chief Minister) by 1761. During intermittent conflicts against the East India Company during the First and Second Anglo–Mysore Wars, Hyder Ali was the military leader. Though illiterate, Hyder Ali concluded an alliance with the French, and used the services of French workmen in raising his artillery and arsenal. His rule of Mysore was characterised by frequent warfare with his neighbours and rebellion within his territories. This was not unusual for the time as much of the Indian subcontinent was then in turmoil. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eranad
Eranad () also known as Ernad refers to the erstwhile province in the midland area of Malabar, consisting of Malappuram and nearby regions such as Anakkayam, Manjeri, Kondotty, Nilambur, etc. Currently Eranad Taluk is a Taluk in Malappuram district. Eranad was ruled by a Samanthan Nair clan known as Eradis, similar to the Vellodis of neighbouring Valluvanad and Nedungadis of Nedunganad. The rulers of Eranad were known by the title ''Eralppad''/''Eradi''. They also used the title Thirumulpad. Ernad had two capitals during various times, Nediyiruppu, in Kondotty under Chera rule,K. V. Krishna Iyer, ''Zamorins of Calicut: From the earliest times to AD 1806''. Calicut: Norman Printing Bureau, 1938. and Kottappadi, in Malappuram under Zamorin rule. Present-day Ernad taluk headquarters is at Manjeri. The Ernad Taluk under British Malabar District was the land between two rivers, Chaliyar and Kadalundi River. On west it was bound by the Nilgiri Mountains. It was the larges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kodungallur
Kodungallur (; formerly also called as Cranganore (anglicised name), Portuguese language, Portuguese: Cranganor; Mahodayapuram, Shingly, Vanchi, Muchiri, Muyirikkode, and Muziris) is a historically significant town situated on the banks of Periyar (river), river Periyar on the Malabar Coast in Thrissur District, Thrissur district of Kerala, India. It is north of Kochi, Kochi (Cochin) by National Highway 66 (India), National Highway 66 and from Thrissur. Kodungallur, being a port city at the northern end of the Kerala lagoons, was a strategic entry point for the naval fleets to the extensive Kerala backwaters. As of the 2011 India Census, Kodungallur Municipality had a population of 33,935. It had an average literacy rate of 95.10%. Around 64% of the population follows Hinduism, 32% Islam and 4% Christianity. Schedule Caste (SC) constitutes 7.8% while Schedule Tribe (ST) were 0.1% of total population in Kodungallur. Kodungallur is the headquarters of the Kodungallur sub-distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nilambur Kingdom
Nilambur Kovilakam, also known as Nilambur Kingdom, was a former vassal kingdom and royal Kovilakam in present-day Kerala, India, situated near the Nilgiris, Nilgiri range of the Western Ghats. It was ruled by Samantha Kshatriyas of the Nagavanshi clan who were the family members, relatives and representatives of the Samoothiri Raja (Zamorin) of Calicut. The Nilambur Rajas extended their power and authority by marrying with the Nambudiris. This practise was called Sambandam, and resulted in both Brahmins and Kshatriyas taking turns to rule over the Nilambur Kovilakam kingdom. The Brahmin rulers used the title ''Namboodiripād'' while the Kshatriya rulers used the title ''Thirumulpād''. To seal the marriage pacts, they built several aristocratic Illams, such as the Nambudiri stronghold of Pootheri Illam (also called as Pootheri Mana or Pootheri Palace) in Feroke. Following the collapse of the Zamorin's dynasty in 1806, the Nilambur Rajas continued to rule as independent chieft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kochi
Kochi ( , ), List of renamed Indian cities and states#Kerala, formerly known as Cochin ( ), is a major port city along the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea. It is part of the Ernakulam district, district of Ernakulam in the state of Kerala. The city is also commonly referred to as Ernakulam. As of 2011, the Kochi Municipal Corporation had a population of 677,381 over an area of 94.88 km2, and the larger Kochi metropolitan area, Kochi urban agglomeration had over 2.1 million inhabitants within an area of 440 km2, making it the largest and the Demographics of Kerala#Most populous urban agglomerations, most populous Kochi Metropolitan Area, metropolitan area in Kerala. Kochi city is also part of the Greater Cochin development region and is classified as a Tier-II city by the Government of India. The civic body that governs the city is the Kochi Municipal Corporation, which was constituted in the year 1967, and the statutory bodies that oversee its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ponnani
Ponnani () is a Nagar Palika (Municipality), municipality in Ponnani Taluk, Malappuram District, in the state of Kerala, India. It serves as the administrative center of the Taluk and Block Panchayat of the same name. It is situated at the estuary of Bharathapuza, Bharatappuzha (River Ponnani), on its southern bank, and is bounded by the Arabian Sea on the west and a series of brackish lagoons in the south. It is the List of cities and towns in Kerala, seventh-most populated municipality in the state, the second-most populated municipality in the district, and the most densely populated municipality in Malappuram district, having about 3,646 residents per square kilometre as of the year 2011. As of the 2011 Census of India, 2011 Census, the municipality forms a part of Malappuram metropolitan area. National Highway 66, from to Panvel to Kanyakumari, passes through Ponnani Municipality. The Palakkad-Ponnani State Highway which connects National Highway 66 with National Highway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nediyiruppu
Nediyiruppu was the capital of the Zamorin's kingdom in colonial Kerala. At the time, it was known as Nediyiruppu Swaroopam. It is a region of the Kondotty, Kondotty municipality in Malappuram district, Kerala, India. It is situated from Malappuram, the district headquarters. History Nediyiruppu was the headquarters of the Zamorin of Calicut, Zamorin rulers of the Kingdom of Calicut (the kingdom was called ''Nediyiruppu Swaroopam'' at that time). Important places in Nediyiruppu Village are Musliarangadi, Colony Road Junction (previously this place was mentioned as Nediyiruppu and it was marked in milestone placed there by Kerala PWD), Kottukara, Meleparambu, Chirayil Chungam, Kodangad, and Kurupath. Nediyiruppu Swaroopam Road in Poyilikkave was named in remembrance of that heritage. According to some other historians, the wealth of Manavikrama royalty was kept in a treasury at Nediyiruppu and they called the place ''Nedi-Iruppu'' meaning "Got-and-placed". This treasury was l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malappuram
Malappuram (also Malapuram) () is a municipality and town in Kerala and the headquarters of the Malappuram district in Kerala, India. It is the List of most populous urban agglomerations in Kerala, 4th largest urban agglomeration in Kerala and the List of urban agglomerations in India, 25th largest in India, spread over an area of including the surrounding suburban areas. The first municipality in the district formed in 1970, Malappuram serves as the administrative headquarters of Malappuram district. Divided into 40 electoral wards, the town has a population density of . According to the 2011 census, the Malappuram metropolitan area is the List of most populous urban agglomerations in Kerala, fourth largest urban agglomeration in Kerala after Kochi, Calicut, and Thrissur urban areas and the List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India, 20th largest in India with a total population of 3 million. It is the List of Kerala cities by urban area growth, fastest growing c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
