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Zahid Ali Akbar
Zahid Ali Akbar (; b. 1933) , is a former engineering officer in the Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers, known for his role in Pakistan's acquisition of nuclear weapons, and directing the Engineering Research Laboratories (ERL), a top secret research facility developing the clandestine atom bomb project. His career started in the Corps of Engineers as civil engineer before being posted to conduct the survey of Kahuta where he designed, established and later directed the enormous construction of the research site that was critical in the clandestine development of the atomic bomb program. In addition to his secretive role in the atomic bomb feasibility in the 1970s, he took up charge on collecting military intelligence on the India's nuclear program but later in the 1980s, he was appointed as an Engineer-in-Chief at the Army GHQ. His war appointment also included the command of the X Corps but appointed as Chairman of Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) as a secondm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jalandhar
Jalandhar () is a city in the state of Punjab, India, Punjab in India. With a considerable population, it ranks as the List of cities in Punjab and Chandigarh by population, third most-populous city in the state and is the largest city in the Doaba region. Jalandhar lies alongside the historical Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected junction for both rail and road networks. The National Highway 1 (India), National Highway 1 (NH1), crosses Jalandhar, further enhancing its connectivity. The city is located northwest of the state capital Chandigarh, southeast of the city of Amritsar, and north of Ludhiana. The national capital, Delhi, is approximately . History The history of Jalandhar District comprises three periods — ancient, medieval and modern. Ancient The city may be named after Jalandhara, a Nath Guru who was from here. The city was founded by Devasya Verma as mentioned in the Vedas. Other possibilities include that it was the capital of the kingdom of Lava (Ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siachen Conflict
The Siachen conflict, sometimes referred to as the Siachen Glacier conflict or the Siachen War, was a military conflict Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts, between India and Pakistan over the disputed Siachen Glacier region in Kashmir. The conflict was started in 1984 by India's successful capture of the Siachen Glacier as part of Operation Meghdoot, and continued with Operation Rajiv in 1987. India took control of the Siachen Glacier and its tributary glaciers, as well as all the main passes and heights of the Saltoro Mountains, Saltoro Ridge immediately west of the glacier, including Sia La, Bilafond La, and Gyong La. Pakistan controls the glacial valleys immediately west of the Saltoro Ridge. A cease-fire went into effect in 2003, but both sides maintain a heavy military presence in the area. The conflict has resulted in thousands of deaths, mostly due to natural hazards. External commentators have characterized it as pointless, given the perceived uselessness of the territor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kahuta
Kahuta ( Punjabi, Urdu: ) is a census-designated place, city and tehsil in the Rawalpindi District of Punjab, Pakistan. The population of the Kahuta Tehsil is approximately 220,576 at the 2017 census. Kahuta is the home to the Kahuta Research Laboratories (KRL) which was founded to undertake the ''Kahuta Project'' as part of the atomic bomb project. Before the ''Kahuta Project'', the site was occupied by retired officers of the Pakistan Army and contained a small public community. Etymology The name "Kahuta" was originated from the name of the tree which is extensively found there. The local name of the tree is "''koh''". History Kahuta was a small incorporated city until the 1970s when KRL was constructed by the Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers under Engineering officer Major-General Zahid Ali Akbar, Director of '' Project-706''. During the 1960s and 1970s, Kahuta was inhabited by retired officers of the Pakistan Army. In the 1970s, the Ministry of Defence was tasked ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surveying Engineering
Geomatics is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as the "discipline concerned with the collection, distribution, storage, analysis, processing, presentation of geographic data or geographic information". Under another definition, it consists of products, services and tools involved in the collection, integration and management of geographic (geospatial) data. Surveying engineering was the widely used name for geomatic(s) engineering in the past. Geomatics was placed by the UNESCO Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems under the branch of technical geography. History and etymology The term was proposed in French ("géomatique") at the end of the 1960s by scientist Bernard Dubuisson to reflect at the time recent changes in the jobs of surveyor and photogrammetrist. The term was first employed in a French Ministry of Public Works memorandum dated 1 June 1971 instituting a "standing committee of geomatics" in the government. The term was popularised in English by French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Engineering
Civil engineering is a regulation and licensure in engineering, professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewage systems, pipelines, structural element, structural components of buildings, and railways. Civil engineering is traditionally broken into a number of sub-disciplines. It is considered the second-oldest engineering discipline after military engineering, and it is defined to distinguish non-military engineering from military engineering. Civil engineering can take place in the public sector from municipal public works departments through to federal government agencies, and in the private sector from locally based firms to Fortune Global 500, ''Fortune'' Global 500 companies. History Civil engineering as a discipline Civil engineering is the application of physical and scientific principles for solv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corps Of Engineers, Pakistan Army
The Pakistan Army Corps of Engineers is a military administrative and the engineering staff branch of the Pakistan Army. The Corps of Engineers is generally associated with the civil engineering works, dams, canals, and flood protection, it performs and leads variety of public works in the country as part of its nation-building mission. The Corps of Engineer is commanded by the Engineer-in-Chief who acts as an army's chief topographer, and advises the Army GHQ on matters of civil engineering and construction. As of 2023, the current Engineer-in-Chief is Lt-Gen. Kashif Nazir. History The engineering arm of the Pakistan Army was commissioned as an administrative branch when it was partitioned from the former British Indian Army's Royal Indian Engineers in 1947. The Bengal and Bombay engineer group laid the foundation of establishing the engineering arm of the Pakistan Army. From 1947 till 1956, the engineering arm was known as "''Royal Pakistan Engineers''" since it was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakistan And Weapons Of Mass Destruction
Pakistan is one of List of states with nuclear weapons, nine states that possess nuclear weapons, and is not party to the Nuclear Non-Profileration Treaty (NPT) and any of its provisions. As of 2025, multiple unofficial sources indicate a stockpile of 170 warheads (fission type). Pakistan maintains a doctrine of Full spectrum deterrence, minimum credible deterrence instead of a no first-use policy, promising to use "any weapon in its arsenal" to protect its interests in case of an aggressive attack. Pakistan is not widely suspected of either producing biological weapons or having an offensive biological programme. Pakistan has ratified the Geneva Protocol, the Chemical Weapons Convention, as well as the Biological Weapons Convention, Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention). History After the Partition of India in 1947, India and Pakistan have been in conflict over several issues, including the disputed territory of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engineering Officer
An engineering officer can be a Merchant Navy engineer, or a commissioned officer in the British Armed Forces with responsibility for military engineering. In the Royal Navy (RN), Engineering Officers are responsible for the material condition of ships, submarines, and naval aircraft. In the Royal Air Force The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the Air force, air and space force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. It was formed towards the end of the World War I, First World War on 1 April 1918, on the merger of t ... (RAF), Engineering Officers are responsible for weapons and aircraft systems and electronics communications systems. References Combat support occupations {{Engineering-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professional Engineer
A professional is a member of a profession or any person who works in a specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. In addition, most professionals are subject to strict codes of conduct, enshrining rigorous ethical and moral obligations. Professional standards of practice and ethics for a particular field are typically agreed upon and maintained through widely recognized professional associations, such as the IEEE. Some definitions of "professional" limit this term to those professions that serve some important aspect of public interest and the general good of society.Sullivan, William M. (2nd ed. 2005). ''Work and Integrity: The Crisis and Promise of Professionalism in America''. Jossey Bass.Gardner, Howard and Shulman, Lee S., The Professions in America Today: Crucial but Fragile. D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haroon Akhtar Khan
Haroon Akhtar Khan (born 1963) is a Pakistani actuary, industrialist and politician who is currently serving as the Special Assistant to the Prime Minister (SAPM) and Minister-in-Charge for Industries and Production. He also previously served as Special Assistant to the Prime Minister on Revenue with the status of Federal Minister from 2015 to 2018. He was previously a member of the Senate of Pakistan from 2006 to 2012 and again for a second term in 2018. Early life and education Khan was born in 1963 in Karachi to General Akhtar Abdur Rahman, the director general of the ISI under military dictator General Zia-ul-Haq. He earned his Master of Science in Actuarial Science and Business Administration from the University of Manitoba, Canada and later became a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries (SOA) in the United States and also a Fellow of the Canadian Institute of Actuaries (CIA), at the time of his qualification being the youngest actuary in the history of the profession. Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javed Burki
Javed Burki (; born 8 May 1938) is a Pakistani former cricketer, government official, and businessman. Early life and family Burki received his early education from Saint Mary's Academy at Rawalpindi. He also played cricket while studying at Oxford University (1958–1960). Javed Burki is the son of General Wajid Ali Khan Burki (1900–1988). General Burki's sister-in-law, Shaukat Khanum (Burki), was the mother of Imran Khan, cricketer and a former Prime Minister of Pakistan. Another of Burki's cousins, Majid Khan (cricketer, born 1946), Majid Khan, also was Pakistan's cricket captain. Burki's brothers include Nausherwan Burki, a founding member of the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, and Jamshed Burki, a career civil servant who was the Interior Secretary of Pakistan, Interior Secretary. Career Cricket Burki played in 25 Test cricket, Test matches from 1960 to 1969, Captain (cricket), captaining Pakistan cricket team, Pakistan on its Pakistan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imran Khan
Imran Ahmed Khan Niazi (born 5 October 1952) is a Pakistani politician, philanthropist, and former cricketer who served as the 19th prime minister of Pakistan from August 2018 until April 2022. He was the founder of the political party Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and its chairman from 1996 to 2023. Born in Lahore, Khan graduated from Keble College, Oxford. He began his international cricket career in a 1971 Test series against England. Khan learned reverse swing bowling from Sarfraz Nawaz and passed on this technique to Wasim Akram and Waqar Younis, who developed and popularised it in subsequent years. He was named one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 1983. Khan is also credited with advancing the idea of neutral umpiring in cricket during his captaincy. Khan led Pakistan to its first-ever Test series victories in India and England during 1987. He was awarded the International Cricketer of the Year award in 1989. Playing until 1992, he captained the Pakist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
