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Zacharias Stopius
Zacharias Stopius ( lv, Zahārijs Stopijs; 1535late 16th or early 17th century) was a Baltic German medical doctor, astronomer and astrologer, mainly active in present-day Latvia. He was ennobled by the King of Poland in 1570. His daughter Catharina Stopia was one of the first female diplomats in the service of Sweden. Career Zacharias Stopius came from Breslau, then Silesia, now Wrocław in present-day Poland, and was enrolled in the University of Rostock in 1559. He doctored in medicine, and subsequently found employment in Riga. There, he entered the service of the Archbishop of Riga, Wilhelm von Brandenburg. He became city doctor of Riga in 1562, and in 1567 also entered into the service of the Duke of Courland and Semigallia, Gotthard Kettler as his personal physician. He consequently moved from Riga to the court of the duke in Jelgava. However, he retained his position as city physician of Riga until 1585. As a medical doctor he had a good reputation among the nobility, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stopiņi Municipality
Stopiņi Municipality ( lv, Stopiņu novads) is a former municipality in the historical region of Vidzeme, and the Riga Planning Region in Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2005 through the reorganization of Stopiņi Parish, the administrative centre being Ulbroka. The municipality consisted of the following villages and settlements: Ulbroka, Saurieši, Upeslejas, Dreiliņi, Vālodzes, Līči, Dzidriņas, Rumbula and Cekule. The population in 2020 was 11,458. On 1 July 2021, Stopiņi Municipality ceased to exist and its territory was merged to Ropaži Municipality. Law on Administrative Territories and Populated Areas The municipality derived its name from the estate ''Stopenhof'', founded in the area in the 16th century by the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
16th-century Polish Nobility
The 16th century begins with the Julian year 1501 ( MDI) and ends with either the Julian or the Gregorian year 1600 ( MDC) (depending on the reckoning used; the Gregorian calendar introduced a lapse of 10 days in October 1582). The 16th century is regarded by historians as the century which saw the rise of Western civilization and the Islamic gunpowder empires. The Renaissance in Italy and Europe saw the emergence of important artists, authors and scientists, and led to the foundation of important subjects which include accounting and political science. Copernicus proposed the heliocentric universe, which was met with strong resistance, and Tycho Brahe refuted the theory of celestial spheres through observational measurement of the 1572 appearance of a Milky Way supernova. These events directly challenged the long-held notion of an immutable universe supported by Ptolemy and Aristotle, and led to major revolutions in astronomy and science. Galileo Galilei became a champion o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latvian Physicians
Latvian may refer to: *Something of, from, or related to Latvia **Latvians, a Baltic ethnic group, native to what is modern-day Latvia and the immediate geographical region **Latvian language, also referred to as Lettish **Latvian cuisine **Latvian culture **Latvian horse *Latvian Gambit, an opening in chess See also *Latvia (other) Latvia is a country in Europe. Latvia can also refer to: *Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940–1990) *Latvia (European Parliament constituency) * 1284 Latvia - asteroid *Latvia Peak - mountain in Tajikistan Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷ ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Rostock Alumni
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. The first universities in Europe were established by Catholic Church monks. The University of Bologna (), Italy, which was founded in 1088, is the first university in the sense of: *being a high degree-awarding institute. *using the word ''universitas'' (which was coined at its foundation). *having independence from the ecclesiastic schools and issuing secular as well as non-secular degrees (with teaching conducted by both clergy and non-clergy): grammar, rhetoric, logic, theology, canon law, notarial law.Hunt Janin: "The university in medieval life, 1179–1499", McFarland, 2008, , p. 55f.de Ridder-Symoens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baltic-German People
Baltic Germans (german: Deutsch-Balten or , later ) were ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia. Since their coerced resettlement in 1939, Baltic Germans have markedly declined as a geographically determined ethnic group. However, it is estimated that several thousand people with some form of (Baltic) German identity still reside in Latvia and Estonia. Since the Middle Ages, native German-speakers formed the majority of merchants and clergy, and the large majority of the local landowning nobility who effectively constituted a ruling class over indigenous Latvian and Estonian non-nobles. By the time a distinct Baltic German ethnic identity began emerging in the 19th century, the majority of self-identifying Baltic Germans were non-nobles belonging mostly to the urban and professional middle class. In the 12th and 13th centuries, Catholic German traders and crusaders (''see '') began settling in the easter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Gruyter
Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter (), is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature. History The roots of the company go back to 1749 when Frederick the Great granted the Königliche Realschule in Berlin the royal privilege to open a bookstore and "to publish good and useful books". In 1800, the store was taken over by Georg Reimer (1776–1842), operating as the ''Reimer'sche Buchhandlung'' from 1817, while the school’s press eventually became the ''Georg Reimer Verlag''. From 1816, Reimer used the representative Sacken'sche Palace on Berlin's Wilhelmstraße for his family and the publishing house, whereby the wings contained his print shop and press. The building became a meeting point for Berlin salon life and later served as the official residence of the president of Germany. Born in Ruhrort in 1862, Walter de Gruyter took a position with Reimer Verlag in 1894. By 1897, at the age of 35, he had become sole proprietor of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Empire
The Swedish Empire was a European great power that exercised territorial control over much of the Baltic region during the 17th and early 18th centuries ( sv, Stormaktstiden, "the Era of Great Power"). The beginning of the empire is usually taken as the reign of Gustavus Adolphus, who ascended the throne in 1611, and its end as the loss of territories in 1721 following the Great Northern War. After the death of Gustavus Adolphus in 1632, the empire was controlled for lengthy periods by part of the high nobility, such as the Oxenstierna family, acting as regents for minor monarchs. The interests of the high nobility contrasted with the uniformity policy (i.e., upholding the traditional equality in status of the Swedish estates favoured by the kings and peasantry). In territories acquired during the periods of ''de facto'' noble rule, serfdom was not abolished, and there was also a trend to set up respective estates in Sweden proper. The Great Reduction of 1680 put an end to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregorian Calendar
The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. The principal change was to space leap years differently so as to make the average calendar year 365.2425 days long, more closely approximating the 365.2422-day 'tropical' or 'solar' year that is determined by the Earth's revolution around the Sun. The rule for leap years is: There were two reasons to establish the Gregorian calendar. First, the Julian calendar assumed incorrectly that the average solar year is exactly 365.25 days long, an overestimate of a little under one day per century, and thus has a leap year every four years without exception. The Gregorian reform shortened the average (calendar) year by 0.0075 days to stop the drift of the calendar with respect to the equinoxes.See Wikisource English translation of the (Latin) 1582 papal bull '' Inter gravissimas''. Second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sundial
A sundial is a horological device that tells the time of day (referred to as civil time in modern usage) when direct sunlight shines by the apparent position of the Sun in the sky. In the narrowest sense of the word, it consists of a flat plate (the ''dial'') and a gnomon, which casts a shadow onto the dial. As the Sun appears to move through the sky, the shadow aligns with different hour-lines, which are marked on the dial to indicate the time of day. The ''style'' is the time-telling edge of the gnomon, though a single point or ''nodus'' may be used. The gnomon casts a broad shadow; the shadow of the style shows the time. The gnomon may be a rod, wire, or elaborately decorated metal casting. The style must be parallel to the axis of the Earth's rotation for the sundial to be accurate throughout the year. The style's angle from horizontal is equal to the sundial's geographical latitude. The term ''sundial'' can refer to any device that uses the Sun's altitude or az ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economics
Economics () is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work. Microeconomics analyzes what's viewed as basic elements in the economy, including individual agents and markets, their interactions, and the outcomes of interactions. Individual agents may include, for example, households, firms, buyers, and sellers. Macroeconomics analyzes the economy as a system where production, consumption, saving, and investment interact, and factors affecting it: employment of the resources of labour, capital, and land, currency inflation, economic growth, and public policies that have impact on these elements. Other broad distinctions within economics include those between positive economics, describing "what is", and normative economics, advocating "what ought to be"; between economic theory and applied economics; between ratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svenskt Biografiskt Lexikon
''Svenskt biografiskt lexikon'' () is a Sweden, Swedish biographical dictionary, started in 1917. The first volume, covering names ''Abelin'' to ''Anjou'', was published in 1918. As of 2017, names from A to S are covered. Volumes # ABELIN – ANJOU (1918) # ANKARCRONA – BECKER (1920) # BECK – FRIIS – BERNDES (1922) # BERNDES – BLOCK (1924) # BLOM – BRANNIUS (1925) # BRANT – BYGDÉN (1926) # BÜLOW – CEDERGREN (1927) # CEDERHIELM – CORNELIUS (1929) # CORNELL – DAL (1931) # DíALBEDYHLL – De la Gardie, DE LA GARDIE (1931) # DE LA GRANGE – EBERSKÖLD (1945) # EBERSTEIN – EKMAN (1949) # EKMAN – ENWALL (1950) # ENVALLSSON – FAHLBECK (1953) # FAHLBERG – FEUK (1956) # FICH – GEHLIN (1964–1966) # GEIJER – HALL (1967–1969) # HALLARDT – HEURGREN (1969–1971) # HEURLIN – INGE (1971–1973) # INGEBORG – KATARINA (1973–75) # KATARINA – KÖNIGSMARCK (1975–77) # KÖNIGSMARCK – LILJA (1977–79) # LILJEBLAD – LJUNGBERGER (1980–1981) # LJU ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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