Z0 (other)
Z0, Z0 or Z0 may refer to: * Characteristic impedance, a ratio used in electronics * Impedance of free space, a physical constant * Z boson, an elementary particle that mediates the weak force * a rare rail transport modelling scale * Roughness length, a factor used in wind speed calculations * Z0 sex-determination system The ZO sex-determination system is a system that determines the sex of offspring in several moths. In those species, there is one sex chromosome, Z. Males have two Z chromosomes, whereas females have one Z. Males are ZZ, while females are ZO. S ...

ZO (other)
Zo or ZO may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Kamen Rider ZO'', a 1993 Japanese tokusatsu movie * ''Zo'' (album), an album by jazz pianist Matthew Shipp Ethnography * Zo people, a group of indigenous tribe in Burma and northeast India ** Zou people, one of those tribes ** Zo language, the language spoken by the Zo people ** Zogam or Zoland, the land of Zo people, also Chin State, Mizoram State, Manipur State, and Nagaland People * Alonzo Mourning (born 1970), American retired National Basketball Association player * Lorenzo Charles (1963-2011), American basketball player * Achille Zo (1826–1901), French painter * Mat Zo (born 1990), UK trance artist * Zo d'Axa, (1864–1930), French journalist, writer, and adventurer *Lonzo Ball, (born 1997), National Basketball Association player for the Los Angeles Lakers Other uses * Zo (bot), artificial intelligence chatbot developed by Microsoft * ZO sex-determination system, chromosomal system in biology determining the sex of ...
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Characteristic Impedance
The characteristic impedance or surge impedance (usually written Z0) of a uniform transmission line is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current of a single wave propagating along the line; that is, a wave travelling in one direction in the absence of reflections in the other direction. Alternatively, and equivalently, it can be defined as the input impedance of a transmission line when its length is infinite. Characteristic impedance is determined by the geometry and materials of the transmission line and, for a uniform line, is not dependent on its length. The SI unit of characteristic impedance is the ohm. The characteristic impedance of a lossless transmission line is purely real, with no reactive component. Energy supplied by a source at one end of such a line is transmitted through the line without being dissipated in the line itself. A transmission line of finite length (lossless or lossy) that is terminated at one end with an impedance equal to the char ...
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Impedance Of Free Space
The impedance of free space, , is a physical constant relating the magnitudes of the electric and magnetic fields of electromagnetic radiation travelling through free space. That is, , where is the electric field strength and is the magnetic field strength. Its presently accepted value is :. Where Ω is the ohm, the SI unit of electrical resistance. The impedance of free space (that is the wave impedance of a plane wave in free space) is equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the speed of light in vacuum . Before 2019, the values of both these constants were taken to be exact (they were given in the definitions of the ampere and the metre respectively), and the value of the impedance of free space was therefore likewise taken to be exact. However, with the redefinition of the SI base units that came into force on 20 May 2019, the impedance of free space is subject to experimental measurement because only the speed of light in vacuum retains an exactly defined val ...
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Z Boson
In particle physics, the W and Z bosons are vector bosons that are together known as the weak bosons or more generally as the intermediate vector bosons. These elementary particles mediate the weak interaction; the respective symbols are , , and . The  bosons have either a positive or negative electric charge of 1 elementary charge and are each other's antiparticles. The  boson is electrically neutral and is its own antiparticle. The three particles each have a spin of 1. The  bosons have a magnetic moment, but the has none. All three of these particles are very short-lived, with a half-life of about . Their experimental discovery was pivotal in establishing what is now called the Standard Model of particle physics. The  bosons are named after the ''weak'' force. The physicist Steven Weinberg named the additional particle the " particle", — The electroweak unification paper. and later gave the explanation that it was the last additional particle nee ...
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Rail Transport Modelling Scale
Rail transport modelling uses a variety of scales (ratio between the real world and the model) to ensure scale models look correct when placed next to each other. Model railway scales are standardized worldwide by many organizations and hobbyist groups. Some of the scales are recognized globally, while others are less widespread and, in many cases, virtually unknown outside their circle of origin. Scales may be expressed as a numeric ratio (e.g. 1/87 or 1:87) or as letters defined in rail transport modelling standards (e.g. HO, OO, N, O, G, TT and Z.) The majority of commercial model railway equipment manufacturers base their offerings on ''Normen Europäischer Modellbahnen'' (NEM) or National Model Railroad Association (NMRA) standards in most popular scales. Terminology Although ''scale'' and ''gauge'' are often confused, ''scale'' means the ratio between a unit of measurement on a model compared with a unit of measurement in corresponding full size prototype, while ''ga ...
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Roughness Length
Roughness length (z_0) is a parameter of some vertical wind profile equations that model the horizontal mean wind speed near the ground. In the log wind profile, it is equivalent to the height at which the wind speed theoretically becomes zero in the absence of wind-slowing obstacles and under neutral conditions. In reality, the wind at this height no longer follows a mathematical logarithm. It is so named because it is typically related to the height of terrain roughness elements (i.e. protrusions from and/or depressions into the surface). For instance, forests tend to have much larger roughness lengths than tundra. The roughness length does not exactly correspond to any physical length. However, it can be considered as a length-scale representation of the roughness of the surface. Mathematical foundation The roughness length z_0 appears in the expression for the mean wind speed u_z near the ground derived using the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory:American Meteorological Societ ...
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