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Young Khivans
The Young Khivans were a political movement that emerged in 1905-1907 among the Uzbeks of the Khiva Khanate within the framework of Jadidism, a cultural movement of Muslim modernist reformers. History At first, the Young Khivans were engaged in cultural and educational activities only. On 5 (18) April 1917, they persuaded Isfandiyar Khan of Khiva to issue a manifesto on the establishment of a constitutional monarchy in the territory of the Khanate. The post of chairman in the newly created ''Majlis'' (Assembly) was taken by Bobohun Salimov, one of the most prominent Young Khivans. However, in the summer of that year, the Khan of Khiva, with the participation of the Russian Provisional Government in Petrograd, regained absolute power, arresting and executing some of the Young Khivans. Other participants in the movement hid in Turkestan, where they received guarantees of support from the Bolsheviks. After the conquest of Khiva by the Turkmen feudal lord Junaid Khan Junaid Khan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khiva Khanate
The Khanate of Khiva (, , uz-Latn-Cyrl, Xiva xonligi, Хива хонлиги, , ) was a Central Asian polity that existed in the historical region of Khorezm from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Afsharid occupation by Nader Shah between 1740 and 1746. Centred in the irrigated plains of the lower Amu Darya, south of the Aral Sea, with the capital in the city of Khiva. It covered present-day western Uzbekistan, southwestern Kazakhstan and much of Turkmenistan before the Russian conquest at the second half of the 19th century. In 1873, the Khanate of Khiva was greatly reduced in size and became a Russian protectorate. The other regional protectorate that lasted until the Revolution was the Emirate of Bukhara. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, Khiva had a revolution too, and in 1920 the Khanate was replaced by the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic. In 1924, the area was formally incorporated into the Soviet Union and today it is largely a part of Karakalpa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basmachi
The Basmachi movement (, derived from ) was an uprising against Imperial Russian and Soviet rule in Central Asia by rebel groups inspired by Islamic beliefs. It has been called "probably the most important movement of opposition to Soviet rule in Central Asia". The movement's roots lay in the anti-conscription violence of 1916 which erupted when the Russian Empire began to draft Muslims for army service in World War I. In the months following the October 1917 Revolution, the Bolsheviks seized power in many parts of the Russian Empire and the Russian Civil War began. Turkestani Muslim political movements attempted to form an autonomous government in the city of Kokand, in the Fergana Valley. The Bolsheviks launched an assault on Kokand in February 1918 and carried out a general massacre of up to 25,000 people. The massacre rallied support to the Basmachi who waged a guerrilla and conventional war that seized control of large parts of the Fergana Valley and much of Turkesta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Parties Of Minorities In Imperial Russia
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with decision-making, making decisions in social group, groups, or other forms of power (social and political), power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of Social status, status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uzbek Revolutionaries
Uzbek may refer to: * Someone or something related to Uzbekistan (or the preceding Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic) * Uzbeks, an ethnic group * Uzbek language * Uzbek cuisine Uzbek cuisine shares the culinary traditions of peoples across Central Asia. Grain farming is widespread in Uzbekistan, making breads and noodles an important part of the cuisine, which has been described as "noodle-rich". Description Bread (''n ... * Uzbek culture * Uzbek Mosque, a Mosque located in Baghdad, Iraq People * Ozbeg Khan (1282–1341), khan of the Golden Horde of the Mongol Empire * Muzaffar al-Din Uzbek or Özbeg ibn Muhammad Pahlawan, last ruler of the Eldiguzids * Khalil Khan Uzbek (1752–1755), the khan of the Erivan Khanate See also * * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanate Of Khiva
The Khanate of Khiva (, , uz-Latn-Cyrl, Xiva xonligi, Хива хонлиги, , ) was a Central Asian polity that existed in the historical region of Khwarazm, Khorezm from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Afsharid Iran, Afsharid occupation by Nader Shah between 1740 and 1746. Centred in the irrigated plains of the lower Amu Darya, south of the Aral Sea, with the capital in the city of Khiva. It covered present-day western Uzbekistan, southwestern Kazakhstan and much of Turkmenistan before the Russian conquest of Central Asia, Russian conquest at the second half of the 19th century. In 1873, the Khanate of Khiva was greatly reduced in size and became a Russian Empire, Russian protectorate. The other regional protectorate that lasted until the Revolution was the Emirate of Bukhara. Following the October Revolution, Russian Revolution of 1917, Khiva had Khivan Revolution, a revolution too, and in 1920 the Khanate was replaced by the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic. In 1924 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam In The Soviet Union
After it was established on most of the territory of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union remained the world's largest country until it was dissolved in 1991. It covered a large part of Eastern Europe while also spanning the entirety of the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Northern Asia. During this time, Islam was the country's second-largest religion; 90% of Muslims in the Soviet Union were adherents of Sunni Islam, with only around 10% adhering to Shia Islam. Excluding the Azerbaijan SSR, which had a Shia-majority population, all of the Muslim-majority Union Republics had Sunni-majority populations. In total, six Union Republics had Muslim-majority populations: the Azerbaijan SSR, the Kazakh SSR, the Kyrgyz SSR, the Tajik SSR, the Turkmen SSR, and the Uzbek SSR.Hannah, Abdul. "Chapter 1." ''Early History of Spread of Islam in (former) Soviet Union''. 16 Sep 2002. Witness Pioneer. 14 Feb 200/ref> There was also a large Muslim population across Idel-Ural, Volga–Ural and in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam In Russia
Islam is a major religious minority in the Russian Federation, which has the largest Islam in Europe, Muslim population in Europe. According to the US Federal Research Division 1998 reference book, , viArchive.org/ref> Muslims in Russia numbered about 19% of the religious population, and, according to the United States Department of State, US Department of State in 2017, Muslims in Russia numbered 14 million or roughly 10% of the total population. One of the Grand Muftis of Russia, sheikh Rawil Gaynetdin, estimated the Muslim population of Russia at 25 million in 2018. Recognized under the law and by Russian political leaders as one of Russia's traditional religions, Islam is a part of History of Russia, Russian historical heritage, and is Subsidy, subsidized by the Russian government. The position of Islam as a major Russian religion, alongside Russian Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity, dates from the time of Catherine the Great, who sponsored Ulama, Islamic clerics and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young Kashgar Party
The Young Kashgar Party () was a Turkic nationalist Uighur political party which existed from 1933 to 1934. It helped found the First East Turkestan Republic, a separatist entity of the Republic of China. It was anti- Han and anti- Hui. The Uighur military leader Timur Beg and the Khotan Emir Emir (; ' (), also Romanization of Arabic, transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic language, Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocratic, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person po ...s Muhammad Amin Bughra, Abdullah Bughra and Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra formed an alliance with the Young Kashgar Party. It convened a parliament of 40 members and sent two delegates to Khoja Niyaz. See also * First East Turkestan Republic * Second East Turkestan Republic * Timur Beg * Young Bukharians * Young Khivans * Young Turks References {{Reflist Anti-communist parties Anti-Han sentiment Defunct political parties in China ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young Bukharans
The Young Bukharans (; uz-Latn, Yosh buxoroliklar, label= Uzbek) or Mladobukharans were a secret society founded in Bukhara in 1909, which was part of the jadidist movement seeking to reform and modernize Central Asia along Western-scientific lines. In March 1918 they tried to seize power in Bukhara, with help from the Tashkent Soviet, and the Young Bukharans had to flee from the Emir, Mohammed Alim Khan to Tashkent. They returned in May 1920, and this time were successful: the Red Army took Bukhara and the Young Bukharans formed the first government of the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic. Most of the members were purged during 1936–1938. Young Khivans and Young Bukharans inspired the Kashgar 1933 '' Association of Independence''. Prominent members * Abdurrauf Fitrat * Abdul Kadir Mukhitdinov * Akmal Ikramov * Faizullah Khojaev * Osman Kocaoğlu * Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy * Muhiddin Mansurov * Munawwar Qari See also *Young Kashgar Party The Young Kashgar Party () was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palvanniyaz Khodja Yusupov
Polvonniyoz Yusupov (Khiva, 1861 - Khiva, 14 May 1936) was a statesman and representative of the Young Khivan movement, a branch of Jadidism in the Khiva Khanate. Biography Polvonniyoz Yusupov was born in Khiva in 1861. He graduated from school and studied in a madrasa. He was engaged in trade and was fluent in Arabic and Russian. In 1914, he headed the left wing of the Jadids, who stood in opposition to the Khiva khan Asfandiyar Khan. In April 1917, the Jadids presented to Asfandiyar Khan a project of reforms, one of the authors of which was Polvonniyoz Yusupov. Since 1917, he was forced to leave Khorezm and lived in exile in Tashkent. After the fall of the power of the Uzbek dynasty of Kungrats in the Khiva Khanate The Khanate of Khiva (, , uz-Latn-Cyrl, Xiva xonligi, Хива хонлиги, , ) was a Central Asian polity that existed in the historical region of Khorezm from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Afsharid occupation by Nader Shah betw ... in Febru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jadidism
The Jadid movement or Jadidism was an Turco-Islamic modernist political, religious, and cultural movement in the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th century. They normally referred to themselves by the Tatar terms ''Taraqqiparvarlar'' ("progressives"), ''Ziyalilar'' ("intellectuals"), or simply ''Yäşlär/Yoshlar'' ("youth"). The Jadid movement advocated for an Islamic social and cultural reformation through the revival of pristine Islamic beliefs and teachings, while simultaneously engaging with modernity. Jadids maintained that Muslim peoples in Tsarist Russia had entered a period of moral and societal decay that could only be rectified by the acquisition of a new kind of knowledge and modernist, European-modeled cultural reform. Modern technologies of communication and transportation such as telegraph, printing press, postal system, and railways, as well as the spread of Islamic literature through print media such as periodicals, journals, newspapers, etc. pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khorezm People's Soviet Republic
The Khorezm People's Soviet Republic was the state created as the successor to the Khanate of Khiva in February 1920, when the Khan abdicated in response to pressure. It was officially declared by the First Khorezm Kurultay (Assembly) on 26 April 1920. On 20 October 1923, it was transformed into the Khorezm Socialist Soviet Republic. On 27 October 1924 the Khorezm SSR was divided between the Uzbek and Turkmen SSRs and the Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast as part of the delimitation of Central Asia according to nationalities.Погорельский И.ВИстория Хивинской революции и Хорезмской народной советской республики 1917–1924 гг. Ленинград: Изд-во ЛГУ, 1984 The history of this short-lived republic remains murky and the way its government functioned is not largely clear. The government officials fervently opposed the delimitation plans of the Khorezmian Republic (which had to be carried ou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
