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Yesu Matha Niragaranam
The ''Yesu Matha Niragaranam'' (யேசு மத நிராகரணம், ''The Refuting the Religion of Jesus)'' is a Tamil tract against Christianity, written by Siva Prakasar. The book includes brief examples and analogies. It is a classic instance of a clash between a Semitic religion and an oriental tradition. The concept of karma and sin have crossed in the debate. Siva Prakasar Siva Prakasar is a Tamil philosopher, sage and poet who lived at the end of 17th century. He is also called ‘Siva anuputhi selvar, ‘Karpanai Kalangiyam’, or ‘Thurai mangalam Sivaprakasar’ for the benefit of human beings. Sivaprakasa Swamigal, a Shaiva Siddhanta. contributed more than thirty four books to Tamil literature. History Historian Roberto de Nobili met Prakasar and debated him about Hinduism and Christianity. After the debate Prakasar compiled this book. No copies of this book have been found. Few writers say that Sivaprakasar debated with Rev. Fr. Constanzo Beschi (alias Ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamil Language
Tamil (; ' , ) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia. Tamil is an official language of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, the sovereign nations of Sri Lanka and Singapore, and the Indian territory of Puducherry (union territory), Puducherry. Tamil is also spoken by significant minorities in the four other South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, and the Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It is also spoken by the Tamil diaspora found in many countries, including Malaysian Tamil, Malaysia, Myanmar Tamils, Myanmar, Tamil South Africans, South Africa, British Tamils, United Kingdom, Tamil Americans, United States, Tamil Canadians, Canada, Tamil Australians, Australia and Tamil Mauritians, Mauritius. Tamil is also natively spoken by Sri Lankan Moors. One of 22 scheduled languages in the Constitution of India, Tamil was the first to be classified as a Languages of India, classical language of India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label=Hebrew/Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other names and titles), was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious .... It is the Major religious groups, world's largest and most widespread religion with roughly 2.38 billion followers representing one-third of the global population. Its adherents, known as Christians, are estimated to make up a majority of the population in Christianity by country, 157 countries and territories, and believe that Jesus in Christianity, Jesus is the Son of God (Christianity), Son of God, whose coming as the Messiah#Christianity, messiah was Old Testament messianic prophecies quoted in the New Testament, prophesied in the Hebrew Bible (called the Old Testament in Christianity) and chronicled in the New Testamen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siva Prakasar
Siva Prakasar (also Ṣiva Prakāṣa or sometimes Ṣiva-prakāṣa Dēṣikar), was a Tamil ( துறைமங்கலம் சிவப்பிரகாசர், கற்பனைக்களஞ்சியம் ) poet and philosopher lived during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. He was called 'Thurai mangalam Sivaprakasar' , 'Karpanai Kalangiyam' , 'Sivanuputhi chelvar'. He had contributed more than Thirty four Thamizh books for the Thamizh Literature, the most well known of which is the Nanneri, a work dealing with moral instruction. He is also well known for translating early Kannada works into the Tamil language. and for creating his own poetry. Life Siva prakasar, the real poet who was blessed as 'Sivanuputhichelvar' by the grace of God. He is acclaimed as 'Karpanai Kalangiyam' by renowned scholars of Tamil – speaking world. He compiled " Neerotta Yamaha Anthathi " to defeat an arrogant Poet. Those Venpa verses will not make both lips to touch. He als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaiva Siddhanta
Shaiva Siddhanta () ( Tamil: சைவ சித்தாந்தம் "Caiva cittāntam") is a form of Shaivism that propounds a dualistic philosophy where the ultimate and ideal goal of a being is to become an enlightened soul through Shiva's grace. It draws primarily on the Tamil devotional hymns written by Shaiva saints from the 5th to the 9th century, known in their collected form as ''Tirumurai''. Meykandadevar (13th century) was the first systematic philosopher of the school. The normative rites, cosmology and theology of Shaiva Siddhanta draw upon a combination of Agamas and Vedic scriptures. This tradition is thought to have been once practiced all over India. However the Muslim subjugation of North India restricted Shaiva Siddhanta to the south, where it merged with the Tamil Saiva movement expressed in the bhakti poetry of the Nayanmars.Flood, Gavin. D. 1996. An Introduction to Hinduism. P.168 It is in this historical context that Shaiva Siddhanta is commonly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roberto De Nobili
Roberto de Nobili (1577 – 16 January 1656) was an Italian Jesuit missionary to Southern India. He used a novel method of adaptation ( accommodatio) to preach Christianity, adopting many local customs of India which were, in his view, not contrary to Christianity. India Born in Montepulciano, Tuscany in September 1577, Roberto De Nobili arrived at the ports of the Portuguese in Goa and Bombay in western India, on 20 May 1605. It is probable that he met here Fr Thomas Stephens, SJ, who had arrived in Goa in 1579, and was probably in the process of composing his Khristapurana. Roberto de Nobili, "nicknamed the White Brahman", was "the Jesuit missions to the court of the Mughal emperor Akbar". After a short stay in Cochin at Kerala, he took up residence in Madurai in Tamil Nadu in November 1606. He soon called himself a "teacher of wisdom" (தத்துவ போதகர்), and began to dress like a ''Sannyasi''. Claiming noble parentage he approached high-caste pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hinduism
Hinduism () is an Indian religion or ''dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global population, known as Hindus. The word ''Hindu'' is an exonym, and while Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, many practitioners refer to their religion as '' Sanātana Dharma'' ( sa, सनातन धर्म, lit='the Eternal Dharma'), a modern usage, which refers to the idea that its origins lie beyond human history, as revealed in the Hindu texts. Another endonym is ''Vaidika dharma'', the dharma related to the Vedas. Hinduism is a diverse system of thought marked by a range of philosophies and shared concepts, rituals, cosmological systems, pilgrimage sites, and shared textual sources that discuss theology, metaphysics, mythology, Vedic yajna, yoga, agamic rituals, and temple building, among other topi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constanzo Beschi
Constantine Joseph Beschi (8 November 1680 – 4 February 1747), also known under his Tamil name of ''Vīramāmunivar'', was an Italian Jesuit priest, missionary in South India, and Tamil language littérateur. Early years Born in Castiglione delle Stiviere, in the district of Mantua, in Italy, on 8 November 1680, Beschi got his secondary education in the Jesuits' High School at Mantua, which taught rhetoric, humanities and grammar. After becoming a Jesuit in 1698, he was trained in Ravenna and Bologna, studying philosophy for three years from 1701–1703 in Bologna, and theology for four years from 1706–1710. His studies also included Latin, French, Portuguese, Greek, and Hebrew. He was ordained as a priest in 1709. On hearing about the work done in India by the Jesuits returning to Italy from India, Beschi was eager to come to India. He requested and obtained permission from Superior General Michelangelo Tamburini to be sent to the Jesuit mission at Madurai in South In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velaiyar
Velaiya Swamigal, also called Velaiyar, born during the seventeenth century, was a Saivaite spiritual writer. He was born to a Tamil-speaking Desikar family in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu. He compiled more than seven books. Family Background Velaiyar was born in Kanchipuram (Kanchipuram) in the Thondai mandalam region of Tamil Nadu, South India into an orthodox Saiva Tamil (Desikar) family around the middle of the 17th century. Veliyar's father, Kumara swamy Desikar, was an Archaka and Dikshithar and his family were known for their literary, theological and musical contributions in Tamil. At a young age, his father had left his family and went to Thiruvannamalai Tiruvannamalai (Tamil: ''Tiruvaṇṇāmalai'' IPA: , otherwise spelt ''Thiruvannamalai''; ''Trinomali'' or ''Trinomalee'' on British records) is a city, a spiritual, cultural, economic hub and also the administrative headquarters of Tiruvanna ... with his disciples where he planned to become a sage. However, once th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swaminatha Desikar
Swaminatha Desikar "Susai" (Tamil: ) (born 11 November 1860 ) born Swaminatha Desikar, was a spiritual writer. He was born from a Tamil-speaking Desikar family in Valavanur, Tamil Nadu. He compiled three books in Tamil. Biography Family background Swaminatha Desikar was born in a village called Valavanur near by Mailam in Tamil Nadu, South India into an orthodox Saiva Tamil (Desikar) family around the middle of the 19th century. Swaminatha Desikar's father was a respected spiritual leader. His father Sundaresanar Desikar was a philosopher and Sthapathi. The great Tamil poet Velaiyar is the grand father of Swaminatha Desikar and Siva Prakasar and Karunai prakasar are sundaresanar's uncles. Gnambikai Ammal wife of Santhalinga Swamigal is Sundaresanar's aunt. Siva prakasar was blessed as ‘Siva Anuputhichelvar’ by Sri Sivagnana Balaya swamigal from Mailam Pommapura Aathenam mutt. He is also acclaimed as ‘Karpanai Kalangiyam’ by Tamil scholars. He compiled " Neerotta A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sundaresanar
Sundaresa Desikar is a spiritual writer. He was born to a Tamil-speaking Desikar family from Mailam and settled down at Valavanur, Tamil Nadu. Family background Sundaresa Desikar was born to Velaiyar and Meenatchi Ammal in a village called Mailam near by Tindivanam in Tamil Nadu, South India into an orthodox Saiva Tamil Desikar family around the middle of the 18th century. Sundaresa Desikar's father Velaiyar was a respectable spiritual leader and a great Tamil poet. Kumara Swamy Desikar was his Great Grand father. Siva Prakasar and Karunai Prakasar were Sundaresanar's uncles. Gnambikai Ammal wife of Santhalinga Swamigal is Sundaresanar's aunt. Siva Prakasar, his uncle, the real poet was blessed as ‘Sivanuputhichelvar’ by the Pommapuram Aatheenam Swamigal. He is acclaimed as ‘Karpanai Kalangiyam’ by renowned scholars. He compiled " Neerotta amaha Anthathi " to defeat the arrogant Poet. And also written " Yesu Matha Niragaranam " (The Refuting the Religion of Jesus) a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamil-language Literature
Tamil (; ' , ) is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia. Tamil is an official language of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, the sovereign nations of Sri Lanka and Singapore, and the Indian territory of Puducherry (union territory), Puducherry. Tamil is also spoken by significant minorities in the four other South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, and the Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It is also spoken by the Tamil diaspora found in many countries, including Malaysian Tamil, Malaysia, Myanmar Tamils, Myanmar, Tamil South Africans, South Africa, British Tamils, United Kingdom, Tamil Americans, United States, Tamil Canadians, Canada, Tamil Australians, Australia and Tamil Mauritians, Mauritius. Tamil is also natively spoken by Sri Lankan Moors. One of 22 scheduled languages in the Constitution of India, Tamil was the first to be classified as a Languages of India, classical language of India. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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