|
Yellow-throated Greenbul
The yellow-throated mountain greenbul (''Arizelocichla chlorigula''), also known as the yellow-throated greenbul, is a species of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is native to the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania. Taxonomy and systematics The yellow-throated mountain greenbul was originally described in the genus ''Xenocichla'' (a synonym for ''Bleda'') and then classified in ''Andropadus''. It was re-classified to the new genus ''Arizelocichla'' in 2010. Alternatively, some authorities classify the yellow-throated greenbul in the genus ''Pycnonotus''. Some authorities have considered the yellow-throated mountain greenbul to be a subspecies of the black-headed mountain greenbul. Alternate names for the yellow-throated mountain greenbul include the green-throated greenbul, southern mountain greenbul and yellow-throated greenbul. The name 'yellow-throated greenbul' is also used as an alternate name for the yellow-throated leaflove and Falkenstein's greenbul, while the alter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Reichenow
Anton Reichenow (1 August 1847 in Charlottenburg – 6 July 1941 in Hamburg) was a German ornithologist and Herpetology, herpetologist. Reichenow was the son-in-law of Jean Cabanis, and worked at the Natural History Museum, Berlin, Natural History Museum of Berlin from 1874 to 1921. He was an expert on African birds, making a collecting expedition to West Africa in 1872 and 1873, and writing ''Die Vögel Afrikas'' (1900–05). He was also an expert on parrots, describing all species then known in his book ''Vogelbilder aus Fernen Zonen: Abbildungen und Beschreibungen der Papageien'' (illustrated by Gustav Mützel, 1839–1893). He also wrote ''Die Vögel der Bismarckinseln'' (1899). He was editor of the ''Journal für Ornithologie'' from 1894 to 1921. A number of birds are named after him, including Reichenow's woodpecker and Reichenow's firefinch. His son Eduard Reichenow was a famous protozoologist. Reichenow is known for his classification of birds into six groups, described, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulbul
The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropical Asia to Indonesia, and north as far as Japan. A few insular species occur on the tropical islands of the Indian Ocean. There are 166 species in 32 genera. While different species are found in a wide range of habitats, the African species are predominantly found in rainforest, whereas Asian bulbuls are predominantly found in more open areas. Taxonomy The family Pycnonotidae was introduced by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840 as a subfamily Pycnonotinae of the thrush family Turdidae. The Persian word ''bulbul'' (بلبل) is sometimes used to refer to the " nightingale" as well as the bulbul, but the English word ''bulbul'' refers to the birds discussed in this article. A few species that were previously considered to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passerine
A passerine () is any bird of the order Passeriformes (; from Latin 'sparrow' and '-shaped') which includes more than half of all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds, passerines generally have an anisodactyl arrangement of their toes (three pointing forward and one back), which facilitates perching. With more than 140 families and some 6,500 identified species, Passeriformes is the largest order of birds and one of the most diverse clades of terrestrial vertebrates, representing 60% of birds.Ericson, P.G.P. et al. (2003Evolution, biogeography, and patterns of diversification in passerine birds ''J. Avian Biol'', 34:3–15.Selvatti, A.P. et al. (2015"A Paleogene origin for crown passerines and the diversification of the Oscines in the New World" ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'', 88:1–15. Passerines are divided into three suborders: New Zealand wrens; Suboscines, primarily found in North and South America; and songbirds. Passerines originated in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class (biology), class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the Oviparity, laying of Eggshell, hard-shelled eggs, a high Metabolism, metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight Bird skeleton, skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the common ostrich. There are over 11,000 living species and they are split into 44 Order (biology), orders. More than half are passerine or "perching" birds. Birds have Bird wing, wings whose development varies according to species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Wings, which are modified forelimbs, gave birds the ability to fly, although further evolution has led to the Flightless bird, loss of flight in some birds, including ratites, penguins, and diverse endemism, endemic island species. The digestive and respiratory systems of birds are also uniquely a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Arc Mountains
The Eastern Arc Mountains are a chain of mountains found in Kenya and Tanzania. The chain runs from northeast to southwest, with the Taita Hills being in Kenya and the other ranges being in Tanzania. They are delimited on the southwest by the fault (geology), fault complex represented by the Makambako Gap that separates them from the Kipengere Range. To the northeast, they are delimited by more recent volcanism represented by Mount Kilimanjaro. The chain is considered a tentative World Heritage Site. Mountain ranges The Eastern Arc Mountains form a roughly crescent-shaped arc and consist of: # Taita Hills # North and South Pare Mountains # East and West Usambara Mountains # Nguru Mountains # Ukaguru Mountains # Uluguru Mountains # Uvidunda Mountains # Rubeho Mountains # Malundwe Mountain # Udzungwa Mountains # Mahenge Mountains Geology These mountain ranges are the oldest in East Africa, and though physically separated from each other, share a similar geomorphology and ecology. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xenocichla
The bristlebills are a genus ''Bleda'' of passerine birds in the bulbul family Pycnonotidae. They are found in the forest understorey of western and central Africa. They forage for insects at or near ground-level, often near water. They will follow Dorylus, driver ant swarms to catch prey items fleeing from the ants and they frequently join mixed-species feeding flocks. They are 18–23 cm long with fairly long, stout beak, bills. The upperparts are mainly green-brown while the underparts are yellow. The birds have whistling bird song, songs. The nest is made of leaves or sticks and built in a shrub or small tree. Two eggs are laid. Taxonomy The genus ''Bleda'' was introduced in 1857 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte with the red-tailed bristlebill as the type species. The genus was named after Bleda, elder brother of Attila and joint ruler of the Huns. Species The genus contains five species: Former species Formerly, some authorities also considered the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andropadus
The sombre greenbul (''Andropadus importunus'') is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is a resident breeder in coastal bush, evergreen forest and dry shrub land in eastern and southern Africa. It is the only member of the genus ''Andropadus''. Taxonomy and systematics Eighteen species of greenbuls originally described in the genus ''Andropadus'' were re-classified to the genera '' Arizelocichla'', '' Stelgidillas'' and '' Eurillas'' in 2010. This has left ''Andropadus'' as a monotypic genus with the sombre greenbul remaining as its sole extant species. The sombre greenbul was originally described in the genus '' Turdus'' and was later re-classified to the genus ''Andropadus''. Alternatively, some authorities classify the sombre greenbul in the genus '' Pycnonotus''. Alternate names for the sombre greenbul include the sombre bulbul, southern sombre bulbul and southern sombre greenbul. Subspecies Four subspecies of the sombre greenbul are recognized: * Zanzibar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arizelocichla
''Arizelocichla'' is a genus of greenbuls, songbirds in the bulbul family (biology), family (Pycnonotidae). The genus was revived in 2010 when twelve species of bulbuls from the genus ''Andropadus'' were separated and re-classified in the genus ''Arizelocichla''. Taxonomy A molecular phylogenetic study of the bulbuls published in 2007 found that the genus ''Andropadus'' was polyphyletic. As part of a reorganization to create monophyletic genera, 12 species from ''Andropadus'' were moved to the resurrected genus ''Arizelocichla'' that had been introduced in 1905 by the American ornithologist Harry C. Oberholser with the black-headed mountain greenbul as the type species. The name ''Arizelocichla'' combines the Ancient Greek ''arizēlos'' meaning "conspicuous" or "admirable" with ''kikhlē'' meaning "thrush". Species The genus contains the following 11 species: References *Moyle, R. G., and B. D. Marks. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of the bulbuls (Aves: Pycnonotidae) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pycnonotus
''Pycnonotus'' is a genus of frugivorous passerine birds in the bulbul family Pycnonotidae. Taxonomy and systematics The genus ''Pycnonotus'' was introduced by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie in 1826 with the Cape bulbul as the type species. The name of the genus combines the Ancient Greek words ''puknos'' "thick" or "compact" and ''-nōtos'' "-backed". The genus contains the following 31 species: Former species In previous circumscriptions the genus ''Pycnonotus'' was considerably larger. Recent taxonomic revisions have seen many species transferred to other genera. In 2010, eighteen former ''Pycnonotus'' species were reclassified into different genera, either directly from ''Pycnonotus'' or from the genus ''Andropadus'', to which they had already been transferred by some authorities. These changes were as follows: * one species was transferred to genus Stelgidillas. ** Slender-billed greenbul ( former ''Pycnonotus gracilirostri'' or ''Pycnonotus gracilirostris'') * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-headed Mountain Greenbul
The black-headed mountain greenbul (''Arizelocichla nigriceps''), also known as the mountain greenbul or eastern mountain greenbul, is a species of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is native to the eastern Afromontane. Its diet consists of fruit and nectar. Taxonomy and systematics The black-headed mountain greenbul was originally described in the genus ''Xenocichla'' (a synonym for ''Bleda''), then classified in ''Andropadus'' and, in 2010 re-classified to the new genus ''Arizelocichla''. Alternatively, some authorities classify the black-headed mountain greenbul in the genus ''Pycnonotus''. Some authorities also consider the olive-breasted mountain greenbul to be a subspecies of the mountain greenbul, while others consider the mountain greenbul itself to be a subspecies of the western mountain greenbul. The common name, 'mountain greenbul', is also used as an alternate name for the western Western may refer to: Places *Western, Nebraska, a village in the US *W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow-throated Leaflove
The yellow-gorgeted greenbul (''Atimastillas flavicollis''), formerly known as the yellow-throated leaflove, is a species of passerine bird in the bulbul family Pycnonotidae. It is found in West Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, moist savanna, and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland. Taxonomy and systematics The yellow-gorgeted greenbul was originally described in the genus '' Haematornis'' (a synonym for ''Pycnonotus'') and later classified within '' Chlorocichla'' before being moved to the genus ''Atimastillas'' in 2010. Not all authorities have adopted this latest genus change. Formerly, various authorities have classified the yellow-gorgeted greenbul in several other genera, including ''Criniger'', '' Ixus'' and ''Xenocichla'' (a synonym for ''Bleda''). Alternatively, some authorities have classified the yellow-gorgeted greenbul as synonymous with the yellow-throated greenbul. Alternate names for the yellow-gorgeted greenbul include the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Falkenstein's Greenbul
Falkenstein's greenbul (''Chlorocichla falkensteini'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found from western Cameroon and Central African Republic to central Angola. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland. Taxonomy and systematics Falkenstein's greenbul was originally described in the genus ''Criniger'' and later in ''Andropadus The sombre greenbul (''Andropadus importunus'') is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is a resident breeder in coastal bush, evergreen forest and dry shrub land in eastern and southern Africa. It is the only member of the genus ...'' before being re-classified to '' Chlorocichla''. Alternate names for the yellow-bellied greenbul include the yellow-necked greenbul, yellow-necked bulbul, yellow-throated bulbul and yellow-throated greenbul. The latter two names should not be confused with the species of the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
