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Yazidi Social Organization
There is a social organizational structure in the Yazidi community. There are three main castes, namely the Mirids, the Sheikhs, and the Pir (Sufism), Pirs. Furthermore, there are positions for dignitaries in the Yazidi hierarchy. Mîr The Mir (title), Mîr (Prince) of Shekhan District, Sheikhan is the highest political and religious authority of the entire Yezidi community. As a member of the Qatani Sheikhs, he is regarded as the legitimate successor of Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir, Sheikh Adi. The Mîr's influence reaches nearby communities, whereas in the more distant and disconnected Yezidi communities, namely of Kurds in Georgia, Georgia, Yazidis in Armenia, Armenia and Yazidis in Syria, Syria, his influence decreases. However, in theory, particularly in diaspora, the Mir represents all Yezidis, his decisions are binding and he also maintains legislative and executive power. As the head of the spiritual council, he has the power to appoint the Baba Sheikh, administers Lalish and rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pir (Sufism)
''Pir'' () or ''Peer'' is a title for a Sufi spiritual guide. They are also referred to as a '' Hazrat'' (from ) . The title is often translated into English as "saint". In Sufism, a Pir's role is to guide and instruct his disciples on the Sufi path. This is often done by general lessons (called ''Suhbas'') and individual guidance. Other words that refer to a Pir include ''Murshid'' () and ''Sarkar'' (). The title ''Pir Baba'' (from ) is common in the Indian subcontinent used as a salutation to Sufi masters or similarly honored persons. After their death, people visit their tombs or mausolea, referred to as dargah or maqbara. An alternative title is Pirzada or Peerzada. The people having this title are also called Shah. The title is most used by Pirs of Sindh. The title is common in Iran, India and Afghanistan. Pir-o-Murshid is a Persian term that is often used in Sufism Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheikh
Sheikh ( , , , , ''shuyūkh'' ) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder (administrative title), elder". It commonly designates a tribal chief or a Muslim ulama, scholar. Though this title generally refers to men, there are also a small number of female sheikhs in history. The title ''Syeikha'' or ''Sheikha'' generally refers to women. In some countries, it is given as a surname to those of great knowledge in religious affairs, by a prestigious religious leader from a silsila, chain of Sufi scholars. The word is mentioned in the Qur'an in three places: verse 72 of Hud (surah), Hud, 78 of Yusuf (surah), Yusuf, and 23 of al-Qasas. A royal family member of the United Arab Emirates and some other Arab countries, also has this title, since the ruler of each emirate is also the sheikh of their tribe. Etymology and meaning The word in Arabic stems from a Semitic root, triliteral root connected with aging: , ''shīn-yā'-khā. The title carries the me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharaf Ad-Din Ibn Al-Hasan
Sheikh Sharaf ad-Din ibn al-Hasan () was the son and religious heir of al-Hasan ibn ‘Adī and thus head of the ‘Adawiyya order. He died in battle against the Mongols in 1258 and was succeeded by his uncle, Fakhr ad-Dīn ibn ‘Adī. Due to the hostility of the Mongols, his son Zayn ed Din preferred not to become his successor and passed on the duties to Fakhr ad-Dīn ibn ‘Adī, who was married to a Mongol. The Sharfadin Temple is considered to be one of the oldest and most important Yazidi holy sites. Sherfedin is particularly revered in the Sinjar region. The Yazidi ''Qewlê Şerfedîn'' ("Hymn of Şerfedîn") identifies Şerfedîn with the Mahdi. In the hymn (''qewl''), Şerfedîn is currently staying in a cave and will emerge at the end of times. See also * List of Yazidi holy figures *List of Yazidi holy places This is a list of Yazidi temples across the world. Background Yazidis are an ethnoreligious group who live predominantly in northern Iraq. Their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musa Sor
Sheikh Mûsa Sor ("Red Moses"; also Sheikh Mûs or Mūsē Sōr) is a Yazidi saint. He is also called the ''Lord of Air and Wind''. Yazidis venerate him as the patron saint of lung The lungs are the primary Organ (biology), organs of the respiratory system in many animals, including humans. In mammals and most other tetrapods, two lungs are located near the Vertebral column, backbone on either side of the heart. Their ... and rheumatic diseases. A subdivision of the Adani Sheikh lineage is also named after him. ‘ Ebdî Resho (‘Ebd Resh) was a companion of Sheikh Musa Sor. Musa Sor is associated with winds and the air. He is invocated during winnowing so that winds can help separate grains from hay. Shrines There is a ''mazār'' (shrine or sanctuary) dedicated to Musa Sor in Bahzane village in the Lalish Valley of northern Iraq. References Yazidi holy figures Kurdish words and phrases {{religion-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheikh Hasan Ibn Sheikh Adi II
Sheikh Hasan ibn Sheikh ‘Adī II () is a holy and historical figure who is revered in Yazidism and considered the physical or earthly incarnation of Melik Şêxsin, one of the Seven Divine Beings to whom God assigned the World's affairs. Melik Şêxsin is associated with the Pen and consequently with writing and books, he is thus called Xudanê Qelemê (The Master of the Pen). Adani Sheikhs are the descendants of Sheikh Hasan and were traditionally the only ones in Yazidi society that had the privilege to acquire the art of writing and reading. Historical biography Şêx Hesen was the son of Sheikh Adi II, who was the son of Abu Sakhr ibn Barakat. The Yazidis enjoyed a widespread geographical and political authority during the reign of Şêx Hesen and under his term of office, traditional Kurdish beliefs and myths began to reassert themselves as part of the local religious tradition and eventually became an integral part of the community's culture. More significantly, the grow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khatuna Fekhra
Khatuna Fekhra () is a holy Yazidi female figure who is venerated as the Xudan of women and children as well as patron of childbirth and pregnancy. Biography Xatûna Fexra was the daughter is the daughter of the prominent Yazidi holy figure, Şêx Fexredîn as well as sister to Şêx Mend, Şêx Bedir and Aqûbê Mûsa. According to Yazidi tradition, her birth name was Xezal, however, she came to be known as Xatûna Fexra. Religious Significance The ''Quba Xatuna Fexra'' (Temple of Khatuna Fekhra) in Mağara, İdil, Şırnak Province, southeastern Turkey was built in honor of her. There is also a shrine built in honor of her in Lalish Lalish (, also known as Lalişa Nûranî) is a mountain valley and temple located in the Nineveh Plains, Iraq. It is the holiest temple of the Yazidis. It is the location of the tomb of the Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir, a central figure of the Yazidi .... See also * List of Yazidi holy figures * List of Yazidi holy places References Extern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheikh Mand
Sheikh Mand or Sheikh Mend, Sheikh Mand Pasha () was a 12th-century Yazidi saint, ruler of Kilis principality, and an Ayyubid Army commanfiefdom is the son of Şêx Fexredîn and thus belongs to the Şemsanî lineage of sheikhs. His sister was Khatuna Fekhra, revered today as one of the most important Yazidi female saints. Emir of Kurds Sheikh Mand was one the leaders of Kurdish Hakkari tribe and commander of Hakkariya regiment of the Ayyubid Army. For his service, Saladin granted him the title of "Emir of the Kurds" along with the rule of Qoseir castle located in western Aleppo, and a fiefdom over Kurds in Levant. Association with snakes Sheikh Mand is traditionally considered to be a patron of snakes. His shrine at Lalish Lalish (, also known as Lalişa Nûranî) is a mountain valley and temple located in the Nineveh Plains, Iraq. It is the holiest temple of the Yazidis. It is the location of the tomb of the Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir, a central figure of the Yazidi .. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amadin
Amadin or ‘Imād ad-Dīn () was a 13th-century Yazidi saint. He was a member of the 'Adawiyya order of Sufism. He was known throughout Kurdistan for healing stomach pains. Family tree Amadin was one of the nine sons of Sheikh Shems Sheikh Shems or Melek Shams ad-Din () is a holy figure venerated in Yazidism, he is considered one of the Seven Divine Beings, to all of whom God assigned the World's affairs, and his earthly incarnation is considered one of the four sons of Ezdin .... He is associated with healing stomach pains. References 13th-century births 13th-century deaths 13th-century Kurdish people Yazidi holy figures {{MEast-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sicadîn
Sheikh Sejadin or Sejad ad-Dīn () is a holy figure venerated in Yazidism, he is considered one of the Seven Divine Beings, to all of whom God assigned the World's affairs, and his earthly incarnation is considered one of the four sons of Ezdina Mir along with Nasirdîn, Sheikh Shems, and Fexredîn, who are the respective ancestors and patriarchs of the four Şemsanî Sheikh lineages and are considered to have been avatars of the angelic beings. Along with Nasirdîn, he is also revered as one of the two death angels who take Yazidi souls into the afterlife. Nasirdîn is identified as the Angel of Death and Renewal while Sicadîn plays the role of a psychopomp and Messenger of Death. They come to a person during his/her death whereupon Sicadîn serves as a messenger of death, whereas Nasirdîn is the hangman who separates the soul from the body. See also *Yazidism *List of Yazidi holy figures *Psychopomp Psychopomps (from the Greek word , , literally meaning the 'guide of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasirdîn
Sheikh Nasirdin, Melek Nasirdin or Naṣir ad-Dīn () is a holy figure venerated in Yazidism, he is considered one of the Seven Divine Beings, to all of whom God assigned the World's affairs, and his earthly incarnation is considered one of the four sons of Ezdina Mir along with Sheikh Shems (Shems ad-Dīn), Fakhraddin, and Sejadin, who are the respective ancestors and patriarchs of the four Şemsanî Sheikh lineages. Along with Sejadin, he is also revered as one of the two death angels who take Yazidi souls into the afterlife. Nasirdin is identified as the Angel of Death and Renewal while Sejadin plays the role of a psychopomp and Messenger of Death. They come to a person during his/her death whereupon Sejadin serves as a messenger of death, whereas Nasirdin is the hangman who separates the soul from the body. He is also portrayed as holding knife and as an executioner. See also *List of Yazidi holy figures *Sicadîn Sheikh Sejadin or Sejad ad-Dīn () is a holy figure vene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Şemsedîn
Sheikh Shems or Melek Shams ad-Din () is a holy figure venerated in Yazidism, he is considered one of the Seven Divine Beings, to all of whom God assigned the World's affairs, and his earthly incarnation is considered one of the four sons of Ezdina Mir along with Nasirdîn, Fexredîn, and Sejadin, Sicadîn, who are the respective ancestors and patriarchs of the four Yazidi social organization#%C5%9Eemsan%C3%AE, Şemsanî Sheikh lineages. Biography Sêx Şems, also known as Şêşims, and Şemsedîn, is one of the members of the Heptad and one of the most fundamental theological symbols in Yazidism as the divinity of the Sun#Religious aspects, Sun, source of light and life, the divine light of God. He is also linked with Fire worship, fire, which is his terrestrial counterpart and Oath, oaths, which are sworn by the doorway of his shrine. Annually, during the Yazidism#Feast_of_the_Assembly, Feast of the Assembly, a ceremonial bull sacrifice is performed in front of his shrine in L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
