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Yaroslavl Refinery
The Yaroslavl Refinery () is an oil refinery plant in the Russian city of Yaroslavl, one of the largest in the country. This refinery has belonged to the Russian company Slavneft since 2001. History In 1952, the Soviet Ministry of Oil Industry selected the city of Yaroslavl as the site for a new oil refinery plant. The plant began operations in 1961, and expanded throughout the 60s and 70s. In 1993, the refinery plant was privatized with the approval from Russian authorities, and soon became part of Slavneft. Throughout the 2000s, the company modernized much of the refinery plant, including the catalytic cracking units to boost production. These investments cost around $1.5 billion. In 2009, the company was estimated to be worth 12.9 billion rubles ($400 million USD). The main competitors for the refinery plant are: Ryazan Refinery, Kstovo Refinery The Kstovo Refinery, also known as Lukoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez () is an oil refinery in the Russian city of Kstovo, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl (; , ) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. It is part of the Golden Ring, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history. The population of the city at the 2021 census was 577,279. History Reportedly the capital of an independent Principality of Yaroslavl from 1218, it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow in 1463. In the 17th century, it was Russia's second-largest city, and for a time (during the Polish occupation of Moscow in 1612), the country's de facto capital. Today, Yaroslavl is an important industrial center (petrochemical plant, tire manufacturing plant, diesel engines plant and many others). It developed at the confluence of major rivers, which were important for transportation and, later, for power. Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders of Russia, land borders with fourteen countries. Russia is the List of European countries by population, most populous country in Europe and the List of countries and dependencies by population, ninth-most populous country in the world. It is a Urbanization by sovereign state, highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, the List of metropolitan areas in Europe, most populous metropolitan area in Europe, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg is its second-largest city and Society and culture in Saint Petersburg, cultural centre. Human settlement on the territory of modern Russia dates back to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slavneft
Slavneft () is a Russian oil company, and ranks eighth largest nationally. The company is headquartered in Moscow. History In 1994, the Russian and Belarusian governments created a joint enterprise, with each side contributing an oil refinery as assets. This company became privatized in 2002, selling for $1.86 billion. Slavneft took the 26th place in the Forbes ranking of the "70 largest investor companies in Russia — 2024". Assets The company's subsidiary, "Slavneft-Megionnetftegaz" (), was responsible for building up the city of Megion as a center for the oil industry. The company also operates Yaroslavl Refinery in Russia and Mozyr Refinery in Belarus as its main oil refineries. Owners and management The company is owned on an equal basis by Gazprom and Rosneft PJSC Rosneft Oil Company ( stylized as ROSNEFT) is a Russian integrated energy company headquartered in Moscow. Rosneft specializes in the exploration, extraction, production, refining, transport, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil Refinery
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial processes, industrial process Factory, plant where petroleum (crude oil) is transformed and refining, refined into products such as gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, Bitumen, asphalt base, fuel oils, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas and petroleum naphtha. Petrochemical feedstock like ethylene and propene, propylene can also be produced directly by Cracking (chemistry), cracking crude oil without the need of using refined products of crude oil such as naphtha. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot at or near an oil refinery for the storage of incoming crude oil feedstock as well as bulk liquid products. In 2020, the total capacity of global refineries for crude oil was about 101.2 million barrels per day. Oil refineries are typically large, sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Oil Industry
The Ministry of Oil Industry (Minnefteprom; ) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union. History The Ministry of the Petroleum Industry was created by the 28 December 1948 ukase of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet USSR merging the Ministry of the Petroleum Industry of the Southern and Western Regions, the Ministry of the Petroleum Industry of the Eastern Regions, Glavgaztoppron (Main Administration of Synthetic Liquid Fuel and Gas) and Glavneftegazstroy (Main Administration for the Construction of the Petroleum and Gas Industry) under the Council of Ministers USSR, and Glavneftesnab (Main Administration for the Supply of Petroleum Products to the National Economy) under Gossnab USSR (State Committee of the Council of Ministers USSR for Material and Technical Supply to the National Economy). The Ministry of Petroleum Industry (People's Commissariat of Petroleum Industry prior to 15 March 1946) was established 12 October 1939 by ukase of the Presidium, Supreme Soviet USSR, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Privatization In Russia
Privatization in Russia describes the series of post-Soviet reforms that resulted in large-scale privatization of Russia's state-owned assets, particularly in the industrial, energy, and financial sectors. Most privatization took place in the early and mid-1990s under Boris Yeltsin, who assumed the presidency following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Private ownership of enterprises and property had essentially remained illegal throughout the Soviet era, with Soviet Communism emphasizing national control over all means of production but human labor. Under the Soviet Union, the number of state enterprises was estimated at 45,000. Privatization facilitated the transfer of significant wealth to a relatively small group of business oligarchs and New Russians, particularly natural gas and oil executives. This economic transition has been described as ''katastroika'', which is a combination of ''catastrophe'' and the term ''perestroika'', and as "the most cataclysmic peaceti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is the conversion process used in petroleum refineries to convert the high-boiling point, high-molecular weight hydrocarbon fractions of petroleum (crude oils) into gasoline, alkene gases, and other petroleum products. The cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons was originally done by thermal cracking, now virtually replaced by catalytic cracking, which yields greater volumes of high octane rating gasoline; and produces by-product gases, with more carbon-carbon double bonds (i.e. alkenes), that are of greater economic value than the gases produced by thermal cracking. The feedstock to the FCC conversion process usually is heavy gas oil (HGO), which is that portion of the petroleum (crude oil) that has an initial boiling-point temperature of or higher, at atmospheric pressure, and that has an average molecular weight that ranges from about 200 to 600 or higher; heavy gas oil also is known as "heavy vacuum gas oil" (HVGO). In the fluid catalytic cracking ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Ruble
The ruble or rouble (; Currency symbol, symbol: ₽; ISO 4217, ISO code: RUB) is the currency of the Russia, Russian Federation. Banknotes and coins are issued by the Central Bank of Russia, which is Russia's central bank, monetary authority independent of all other government bodies.wikisource:en:Constitution of Russia#Article 75, Article 75 - Constitution of the Russian Federation (English translation) The ruble is the second-oldest currency in continuous use and the first Decimalisation, decimal currency. The ruble was the currency of the Russian Empire, which was replaced by the Soviet ruble (code: SUR) during the Soviet Union, Soviet period. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, by 1992, the Soviet ruble was replaced in the Russian Federation by the Russian ruble (code: RUR) Par value, at par. The Russian ruble then further continued to be used in 11 post-Soviet states, forming a "ruble zone" until 1993. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ryazan Refinery
The Ryazan Refinery () is an oil refinery plant in the Russian city of Ryazan, one of the largest in the country. This refinery has belonged to the Russian state-owned company Rosneft since 2013. History Soviet period In October 1960, the oil refinery opened in the city of Ryazan, and became the industrial core in the area around the city. In August 1974, the Supreme Soviet awarded workers of the plant with honorary medals for their work. Post-Soviet period In 1993, the plant became privatized, and became a joint-stock company in 2002. From 2003 to 2013, the plant was a part of TNK-BP, and was modernized. Since 2013, the plant has been controlled by the state-owned Rosneft. In March and May 2024, during the Russo-Ukrainian War, the refinery was hit twice by drones of the Armed Forces of Ukraine The Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) are the Military, military forces of Ukraine. All military and security forces, including the Armed Forces, are under the command of the presi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kstovo Refinery
The Kstovo Refinery, also known as Lukoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez () is an oil refinery in the Russian city of Kstovo, one of the largest in the country. This refinery has belonged to the Russian company Lukoil since 2001. History Soviet Era In October 1950, the Soviet Council of Ministers approved a resolution for constructing an oil refinery near the city of Nizhny Novgorod. The local councils then collected surrounding farmlands and began construction. Privatization In the 1990s, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, a private company was created to regulate the plant, called "Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez" (). The production output in 1997 was at 12.3 million tons, and exported as far west as Hungary and east as Tatarstan. In 2001, the company became part of the large corporation Lukoil, which owned over 80% of its shares by 2006. In 2010, Lukoil made an investment worth $975 million to create a new complex at the plant, which was expected to increase productio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Refinery
The Moscow Refinery () is an oil refinery plant in the Russian capital of Moscow. It is also known as the Kapotnya Refinery, after the Kapotnya District in which it is located. This refinery has belonged to the Russian state-owned company Gazprom since 2011. History Soviet era In the 1930s, Soviet industrialization led to the need of more oil refineries to fulfill the rising fuel demand. In 1936, the People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry approved the construction of a new refinery near the Moskva River in the Moscow area, which began operation in 1938. World War II During the Eastern Front of WWII, this refinery was crucial to the Soviet war effort because it provided crucial fuel supplies for the Soviet military. Some of the facilities were also moved to Siberia or Central Asia to prevent capture by Nazi forces. Because of the importance of the Moscow Refinery to the war effort, the Luftwaffe frequently bombed the plant. The Soviets also constructed a decoy refinery ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil Refineries In Russia
An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) and lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturated lipids that are liquid at room temperature. The general definition of oil includes classes of chemical compounds that may be otherwise unrelated in structure, properties, and uses. Oils may be animal, vegetable, or petrochemical in origin, and may be volatile or non-volatile. They are used for food (e.g., olive oil), fuel (e.g., heating oil), medical purposes (e.g., mineral oil), lubrication (e.g. motor oil), and the manufacture of many types of paints, plastics, and other materials. Specially prepared oils are used in some religious ceremonies and rituals as purifying agents. Etymology First attested in English 1176, the word ''oil'' comes from Old French ''oile'', from -4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
