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YM 1200
YM 1200 is one of the pre-Islamic Arabian inscriptions discovered in South Arabia, now housed within the National Museum of Yemen. This inscription is composed in the Sabaic language and dates back to the 5th century CE. It is also a monumental inscription. YM 1200 was first translated by Iwona Gajda in the year 1998. Content The inscription is eight lines long, and it reads:Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, volume 28, pages 81–88. 1998. An English-language transliteration, first edited and interpreted by Iwona Gajda, reads: Dating Christian J. Robin dates the inscription to the late 5th century CE, between the years 480–485 CE. Interpretation and significance The inscription is considered a monumental inscription and details the construction projects of the king Marthad'ilan Yu'nim which involve religious structures. The text describes the king as ordering the construction of a synagogue as well as the reparation of a monotheistic place of worship. Al Jaze ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-Islamic Arabian Inscriptions
Pre-Islamic Arabian inscriptions are Epigraphy, inscriptions that come from the Arabian Peninsula dating to Pre-Islamic Arabia, before the rise of Islam. They were written in both Arabic and other languages, including Sabaic, Hadramautic language, Hadramautic, Minaic, Qatabanian language, Qatabanic. These inscriptions come in two forms: graffiti, "self-authored personal expressions written in a public space", and monumental inscriptions, commissioned to a professional scribe by an elite for an official role. Unlike modern graffiti, the graffiti in these inscriptions are usually signed (and so not anonymous) and were not illicit or subversive. Graffiti are usually just scratchings on the surface of rock, but both graffiti and monumental inscriptions could be produced by painting, or the use of a chisel, charcoal, brush, or other tools. These inscriptions are typically non-portable (being lapidary) and were engraved (and not painted). Both graffiti and monumental inscriptions were als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christianity In Pre-Islamic Arabia
Christianity was one of the Monotheism in pre-Islamic Arabia, monotheistic religions of pre-Islamic Arabia. Christianity had a large presence on the Arabian peninsula by the fifth century AD, with prominent communities located in Christian community of Najran, Najran and Christianity in Eastern Arabia, Eastern Arabia. Organized Christian communities in Arabia constructed Church (building), churches, Martyrium, martyria and Monastery, monasteries. These buildings enabled Christian leaders to display benefaction, communicate with locals, and act as a meeting point for officials and as a point of contact with Byzantine Christians. Early on, Christian communities were established around the peninsula. During late antiquity, Arabia underwent a process of Christianization driven by Christianity in Syria , Syrian Christian missionaries from the north and in South Arabia after the success of the Aksumite invasion of Himyar. Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Christian literature contains many acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Himyarites
The Himyarite Kingdom ( ar, مملكة حِمْيَر, Mamlakat Ḥimyar, he, ממלכת חִמְיָר), or Himyar ( ar, حِمْيَر, ''Ḥimyar'', / 𐩹𐩧𐩺𐩵𐩬) ( fl. 110 BCE–520s CE), historically referred to as the Homerite Kingdom by the Greeks and the Romans (its subjects being called Homeritae), was a polity in the southern highlands of Yemen, as well as the name of the region which it claimed. Until 110 BCE, it was integrated into the Qatabanian kingdom, afterwards being recognized as an independent kingdom. According to classical sources, their capital was the ancient city of Zafar, relatively near the modern-day city of Sana'a. Himyarite power eventually shifted to Sana'a as the population increased in the fifth century. After the establishment of their kingdom, it was ruled by kings from dhū-Raydān tribe. The kingdom was named Raydān.Jérémie Schiettecatte. Himyar. Roger S. Bagnall; Kai Brodersen; Craige B. Champion; Andrew Erskine; Sabine R. Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Articles Containing Sabaean-language Text
Article often refers to: * Article (grammar), a grammatical element used to indicate definiteness or indefiniteness * Article (publishing), a piece of nonfictional prose that is an independent part of a publication Article may also refer to: Government and law * Article (European Union), articles of treaties of the European Union * Articles of association, the regulations governing a company, used in India, the UK and other countries * Articles of clerkship, the contract accepted to become an articled clerk * Articles of Confederation, the predecessor to the current United States Constitution *Article of Impeachment, a formal document and charge used for impeachment in the United States * Articles of incorporation, for corporations, U.S. equivalent of articles of association * Articles of organization, for limited liability organizations, a U.S. equivalent of articles of association Other uses * Article, an HTML element, delimited by the tags and * Article of clothing, an ite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5th-century Inscriptions
The 5th century is the time period from 401 ( CDI) through 500 ( D) ''Anno Domini'' (AD) or Common Era (CE) in the Julian calendar. The 5th century is noted for being a period of migration and political instability throughout Eurasia. It saw the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, which came to an end in 476 AD. This empire had been ruled by a succession of weak emperors, with the real political might being increasingly concentrated among military leaders. Internal instability allowed a Visigoth army to reach and ransack Rome in 410. Some recovery took place during the following decades, but the Western Empire received another serious blow when a second foreign group, the Vandals, occupied Carthage, capital of an extremely important province in Africa. Attempts to retake the province were interrupted by the invasion of the Huns under Attila. After Attila's defeat, both Eastern and Western empires joined forces for a final assault on Vandal North Africa, but this campaign was a sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ri Al-Zallalah Inscription
The Rīʿ al-Zallālah inscription is a pre-Islamic Paleo-Arabic inscription, likely dating to the 6th century, located near Taif, in a narrow pass that connects this city to the al-Sayl al- Kabīr wadi. History The rock art the inscription is located on was first described by James Hamilton in 1845, although he did not include the inscriptions he saw in his publication. The inscription itself was only noticed with during the 1951–1952 Philby-Ryckmans-Lippens expedition by Adolf Grofmann, and, though he supplied a reading of the inscription, a copy was still not made. The Ṭāʾif- Mecca epigraphic survey led by Ahmad Al-Jallad and Hythem Sidky returned to the site in August 2021 and produced new photographs of the inscription, which was finally published with a new edition in 2022. Content The inscription reads:Transcription: ''brk- rb-nʾ'' ''ʾnʾ .rh'' ''br sd'' Arabic: ىركم رىىا اىا .ره ىر سد English: may our Lord bless you I am rh son o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jabal Dabub Inscription
The Jabal Ḏabūb inscription (also known as Jabal Ḏabūb 1) is a South Arabian graffito inscription composed in a minuscule variant of the late Sabaic language and dates to the 6th century, notable for the appearance of a pre-Islamic variant of the Basmala. It was found on a rocky facade at the top of the eastern topside of mount Thaboob in the Dhale region of Yemen and first published in 2018 by M.A. Al-Hajj and A.A. Faqʿas. Content The inscription is two lines long. The ''editio princeps'' reads:bs¹mlh , rḥmn , rḥmn , rb , s¹mwt rn , mfḍlk , wʾṯrn , mḫh , s²kmt ʾymn Dating The inscription is paleographically dated to the latest phase of South Arabian documentation, in the 6th century or early 7th century, but is considered pre-Islamic or paleo-Islamic given its lack of standardized Arabic phraseology known from early Islamic inscriptions, especially in the early Islamic graffiti. Interpretation and significance The ''editio princeps'' interprete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CIH 6
CIH 6, also known as RES 2637C, is a pre-Islamic Arabian inscription from South Arabia. It dates back to the 5th century CE, and commemorates the completion of the construction of a house or palace by the Himyarite regent 'Abd-Kulal and his family. A scanned picture of the inscriptions were first provided by Johannes H. Mordtmann and Eugen Mittwoch in their work ''Sabäische Inschriften. Rathjens-v. Wissmannsche Südarabischen-Reise''. This inscription is also written in the Sabaic language and shows an instance of monotheism in pre-Islamic Arabia. Content Albert W.F. Jamme decodes the inscription as: A transliteration to English, as done by the Corpus of South Arabian Inscriptions, is presented as follows: Dating As stated in the inscription itself, it was written in the year 573 of the Himyarite calendar. This inscription may date back to somewhere in the 5th century CE, which is where the Himyarite chief 'Abd-Kulal was most active as a governor and later a regent. Interpr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judaism In Pre-Islamic Arabia
Judaism has been practiced as a religion in the Arabian Peninsula since at least the first century BCE; it became the first monotheistic religion in Arabia. Arabian Jews were linguistically diverse and would have varied in their practice of the religion. The presence of Jews is best attested in Northwestern and Southern Arabia. Judaism would briefly become politically relevant in the fourth century CE, when the rulers of the Kingdom of Himyar converted to Judaism. It is not known how Judaism first entered Arabia. Some proposals suggest there were Jewish migrations after the 70 CE destruction of the Second Temple during the Jewish–Roman wars in the first century or during the conquests or persecutions by the Persians, Babylonians, or Romans, but no data exist to support this. In addition, the religious diversity and the normative or non-normative nature of Arabian Judaism(s) are also ill-understood. Languages Pre-Islamic Jews were not unified linguistically. In Arabia, they v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Arabia
South Arabia () is a historical region that consists of the southern region of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia, mainly centered in what is now the Republic of Yemen, yet it has also historically included Najran, Jizan, Al-Bahah, and 'Asir, which are presently in Saudi Arabia, and the Dhofar of present-day Oman. South Arabia is inhabited by people possessing distinctive linguistic and ethnic affinities, as well as traditions and culture, transcending recent political boundaries. There are two indigenous language groups: the now extinct Old South Arabian languages and the unrelated Modern South Arabian languages, both members of the Semitic family. Etymology The term ''Yamnat'' was mentioned in Old South Arabian inscriptions on the title of one of the kings of the second Himyarite Kingdom known as Shammar Yahrʽish II. The term was probably referring to the southwestern coastline of the Arabian peninsula and the southern coastline between Aden and Hadramout. One ety ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dhu Nuwas
Dhū Nuwās, ( ar, ذُو نُوَاس), real name "Yūsuf Asʾar Yathʾar" ( Musnad: 𐩺𐩥𐩪𐩰 𐩱𐩪𐩱𐩧 𐩺𐩻𐩱𐩧, ''Yws¹f ʾs¹ʾr Yṯʾr''), "Yosef Nu'as" ( he, יוסף נואס), or "Yūsuf ibn Sharhabīl" ( ar, يُوْسُف ٱبْن شَرْحَبِيْل, link=no), also known as "Masruq" in Syriac, and ''Dounaas'' () in Medieval Greek, was a Jewish king of Himyar between 517 and 525–527 AD, who came to renown on account of his persecutions of peoples of other religions, notably Christians, living in his kingdom. History Ibn Hisham's '' Sirat Rasul Allah'' (better known in English as ''the Life of Muhammad''), describes the exploits of Yūsuf Dhū Nuwās. Ibn Hisham explains that Yūsuf was a convert Jew who grew out his sidelocks (''nuwas''), and who became known as "he of sidelocks." The historicity of Dhū Nuwās is affirmed by Philostorgius and by Procopius (in the latter's ''Persian War''). Procopius writes that in 525, the armies of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marthad'ilan Yanuf
Marthad'ilan Yanuf (Arabic: مرثد ألن ينوف), also romanized as Murthid 'Alan Yanuf, was a Himyarite king who reigned in the early 6th century CE. A devout Christian, Marthad'ilan Yanuf engaged in diplomatic relations with the Aksumite Empire as well as renovated churches in his territory. He is the first Christian ruler to have official rule over Himyar. Name The name Marthad'ilan Yanuf appears in a few inscriptions dating to the early 6th century CE. In the books of Arab histories, his full name is given as Marthad ibn 'Abd-Kulal al-Himyari, which confirms that he is the son of the regent 'Abd-Kulal who is also a Christian, albeit a follower of Nontrinitarianism. He has a similar name to his predecessor, Marthad'ilan Yu'nim, although he is certainly not from the dynasty of Sharhabil Yakkuf. Reign Marthad'ilan Yanuf was a diplomatic ruler with many construction projects. He welcomed three ambassadors from the Aksumite Empire into Yemen and supported a project to bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
