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Xystrosoma Cassagnaui
''Xystrosoma'' is a genus of millipede in the Family (biology), family Chamaesomatidae. The French Zoology, zoologist Henri Ribaut first described this genus in 1927 to contain five species newly discovered in France, including the type species ''Xystrosoma tectosagum, X. tectosagum''. This genus now includes ten species. Distribution Most species in this genus are found in the French Pyrenees. Three species in this genus are found in northern Spain: two species found in the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Catalonia (''Xystrosoma coiffati, X. coiffati'' and ''Xystrosoma santllorence, X. santllorence'') and one species found in the Basque Country (autonomous community), Basque autonomous community (''Xystrosoma vasconicum, X. vasconicum''). One species in this genus is found in northern Portugal (''Xystrosoma lusitanicum, X. lusitanicum''). Description Adult millipedes in this genus can have 26, 28, or 30 segments (counting the collum as the first segm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Ribaut
Henri Ribaut (1872 – 14 February 1967, in Toulouse) was a French naturalist and entomologist. He was a specialist in Hemiptera notably Auchenorrhyncha Sternorrhyncha, Heteroptera, and Coleorrhyncha. His collection which includes Hymenoptera is held by the University of Toulouse The University of Toulouse (, ) is a community of universities and establishments ( ComUE) based in Toulouse, France. Originally it was established in 1229, making it one of the earliest universities to emerge in Europe. Suppressed during the ..., Laboratoire d'Entomologie. Works partial list *'' Faune de France'' Volume n° 31 - Henri Ribaut (1872-1967) - Homoptères Auchénorhynques. I. Typhlocybidae. 1936, 231 p. (réimpression 1986) *''Faune de France'' Volume n° 57 - Henri Ribaut (1872-1967) - Homoptères Auchénorhynque II. Jassidae. 1952, 474 p. (réimpression 2000) References *Emmrich, R. 2003 ''History of Auchenorrhyncha research in central Europe''. *Wagner, W. 1968: ibaut, H.''Entom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xystrosoma Vasconicum
''Xystrosoma'' is a genus of millipede in the family Chamaesomatidae. The French zoologist Henri Ribaut first described this genus in 1927 to contain five species newly discovered in France, including the type species '' X. tectosagum''. This genus now includes ten species. Distribution Most species in this genus are found in the French Pyrenees. Three species in this genus are found in northern Spain: two species found in the autonomous community of Catalonia ('' X. coiffati'' and '' X. santllorence'') and one species found in the Basque autonomous community ('' X. vasconicum''). One species in this genus is found in northern Portugal ('' X. lusitanicum''). Description Adult millipedes in this genus can have 26, 28, or 30 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last). This genus includes three species notable for featuring an unusual number of segments: The Spanish species ''X. santllorence'' is one of only a few species in the order Chordeu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antenna (zoology)
An antenna (plural: antennae) is one of a pair of appendages used for Sensory system, sensing in arthropods. Antennae are sometimes referred to as ''feelers''. Antennae are connected to the first one or two Segmentation (biology), segments of the arthropod head. They vary widely in form but are always made of one or more jointed segments. While they are typically sensory organs, the exact nature of what they sense and how they sense it is not the same in all groups. Functions may variously include sensing tactition, touch, air motion, heat, vibration (sound), and especially insect olfaction, smell or gustation, taste. Antennae are sometimes modified for other purposes, such as mating, brooding, swimming, and even anchoring the arthropod to a substrate (biology), substrate. Larval arthropods have antennae that differ from those of the adult. Many crustaceans, for example, have free-swimming larvae that use their antennae for swimming. Antennae can also locate other group members i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthropod Leg
The arthropod leg is a form of jointed appendage of arthropods, usually used for walking. Many of the terms used for arthropod leg segments (called podomeres) are of Latin origin, and may be confused with terms for bones: ''coxa'' (meaning hip (anatomy), hip, : ''coxae''), ''trochanter'', ''femur'' (: ''femora''), ''tibia'' (: ''tibiae''), ''tarsus'' (: ''tarsi''), ''ischium'' (: ''ischia''), ''metatarsus'', ''carpus'', ''dactylus'' (meaning finger), ''patella'' (: ''patellae''). Homology (biology), Homologies of leg segments between groups are difficult to prove and are the source of much argument. Some authors posit up to eleven segments per leg for the most recent common ancestor of Neontology, extant arthropods but modern arthropods have eight or fewer. It has been argued that the ancestral leg need not have been so complex, and that other events, such as successive loss of function of a Homeobox, ''Hox''-gene, could result in Parallel evolution, parallel gains of leg segments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tergum
A ''tergum'' (Latin for "the back"; : ''terga'', associated adjective tergal) is the dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod Arthropods ( ) are invertebrates in the phylum Arthropoda. They possess an arthropod exoskeleton, exoskeleton with a cuticle made of chitin, often Mineralization (biology), mineralised with calcium carbonate, a body with differentiated (Metam ... segment other than the head. The anterior edge is called the 'base' and posterior edge is called the 'apex' or 'margin'. A given tergum may be divided into hardened plates or sclerites commonly referred to as tergites. In a thoracic segment, for example, the tergum may be divided into an anterior notum and a posterior scutellum. Lateral extensions of a tergite are known as paranota (Greek for "alongside the back") or ''carinae'' (Latin for "keel"), exemplified by the flat-backed millipedes of the order Polydesmida. Kinorhynchs have tergal and sternal plates too, though seemingly not homologous with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamella (surface Anatomy)
image:Lamellae.jpg, Lamellae on a gecko's foot. In surface anatomy, a lamella is a thin plate-like structure, often one amongst many lamellae very close to one another, with open space between. Aside from respiratory organs such as book lungs, they appear in other biology, biological roles including filter feeding and the traction surfaces of geckos. Gecko feet consist of millions of setae made of β-keratin arranged into lamellate structures called spatula, which allow adhesion to walls due to creating more Van der Waals force between the gecko's feet and the wall. In fish, gill lamellae are used to increase the surface area in contact with the environment to maximize gas exchange (both to attain oxygen and to expel carbon dioxide) between the water and the blood. In fish gills, there are two types of lamellae, primary and secondary. The primary gill lamellae (also called gill filament) extends from the gill arch, and the secondary gill lamellae extends from the primary gill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamaesoma
''Chamaesoma'' is a monotypic genus of millipede in the family Chamaesomatidae, and ''Chamaesoma broelemanni'' is the only species in this genus. This millipede is notable as one of only a few species in the order Chordeumatida with only 26 segments in adults (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last), four fewer segments than typically found in adults this order. This species is found in France and Luxembourg. Discovery The genus ''Chamaesoma'' and its only species were first described by the German zoologist Karl W. Verhoeff in 1913. He based the original description of this genus and this species on 71 specimens (50 females and 21 males) found by the French zoologists Henri Brölemann and Henri Ribaut under wet leaf litter near the commune of Saint-Béat in the department of Haute-Garonne in the Pyrenees in France. These type specimens are deposited in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris. Distribution and habitat This ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonopod
Gonopods are specialized appendages of various arthropods used in reproduction or egg-laying. In males, they facilitate the transfer of sperm from male to female during mating, and thus are a type of intromittent organ. In crustaceans and millipedes, gonopods are modified arthropod leg, walking or swimming legs. Gonopods may be highly decorated with elaborate structures which may play roles in sperm competition, and can be used to differentiate and identify closely related species. Gonopods generally occur in one or more pairs, as opposed to the single (un-paired) reproductive organs such as the aedeagus of insects or the Opiliones penis, penis of harvestmen. Insects In insects, gonopods are appendages of the genital segment that may be used in insemination, or that comprise the egg-laying apparatus. Crustaceans In male decapoda, decapod crustaceans, gonopods are modified swimming appendages (pleopods). The anterior two pair of pleopods in males are modified for sperm transferr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sexual Dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism is the condition where sexes of the same species exhibit different Morphology (biology), morphological characteristics, including characteristics not directly involved in reproduction. The condition occurs in most dioecy, dioecious species, which consist of most animals and some plants. Differences may include secondary sex characteristics, size, weight, color, markings, or behavioral or cognitive traits. Male-male reproductive competition has evolved a diverse array of sexually dimorphic traits. Aggressive utility traits such as "battle" teeth and blunt heads reinforced as battering rams are used as weapons in aggressive interactions between rivals. Passive displays such as ornamental feathering or song-calling have also evolved mainly through sexual selection. These differences may be subtle or exaggerated and may be subjected to sexual selection and natural selection. The opposite of dimorphism is ''monomorphism'', when both biological sexes are phenotype, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xystrosoma Beatense
''Xystrosoma'' is a genus of millipede in the family Chamaesomatidae. The French zoologist Henri Ribaut first described this genus in 1927 to contain five species newly discovered in France, including the type species '' X. tectosagum''. This genus now includes ten species. Distribution Most species in this genus are found in the French Pyrenees. Three species in this genus are found in northern Spain: two species found in the autonomous community of Catalonia ('' X. coiffati'' and '' X. santllorence'') and one species found in the Basque autonomous community ('' X. vasconicum''). One species in this genus is found in northern Portugal ('' X. lusitanicum''). Description Adult millipedes in this genus can have 26, 28, or 30 segments (counting the collum as the first segment and the telson as the last). This genus includes three species notable for featuring an unusual number of segments: The Spanish species ''X. santllorence'' is one of only a few species in the order Chordeu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chordeumatida
Chordeumatida (from the Greek word for "sausage") is a large order of millipedes containing more than 1,400 species. Also known as sausage millipedes, they are found nearly worldwide. Chordeumatida is the largest order in the superorder Nematophora, a group also known as spinning millipedes because their telsons feature spinnerets used to build nests of silk. These millipedes produce this silk to create chambers in which to molt or to lay their eggs. Description Chordeumatidans take on a wide variety of forms, including some that are cylindrical and others that are flat-backed. Most species have 26 to 32 body segments (including the telson) behind the head, with the number usually fixed within species. These millipedes range in length from 3.5 mm to 42 mm, although most species are 10 mm to 25 mm long. They are usually drab in color, ranging from various shades of brown to unpigmented, but some feature distinct patterns. Species in this order share a set of features that dist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follow consist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
